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The microchannel equipment has efficient heat and mass transfer capabilities, which is conducive to the effective mixing of gas-liquid multiphase flow, thus improving the production efficiency of industrial applications. However, for industrial applications, the study of gas-liquid two-phase flow patterns in microchannels with irregular shapes has always been a difficult point. Based on the optimized Y-shaped composite microchannel structure, the flow visualization experiment of the full flow field in the complex microchannel was carried out, which realized the comprehensive measurement of the gas-liquid multiphase flow pattern under different flow rates in the microchannel, obtained the gas-liquid two-phase flow distribution in the microchannel based on high-speed photography, judged the internal flow pattern in the Y-shaped composite microchannel, and conducted numerical simulation of the gas-liquid two-phase flow pattern. The pressure distribution along the flow path was extracted. Time averaged characteristic area was used to evaluate the area of high efficient gas-liquid mixing region under different flow patterns. The numerical simulation results show that the flow pattern of gasliquid multiphase flow significantly affects the mixing intensity of gas-liquid multiphase flow, promotes the mixing effect of gas-liquid two-phase flow, and increases the gas-liquid contact area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]