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The paper sewing kits in Guizhou are a kind of daily storage item, which is mostly made of local handmade paper. The producer uses the folding method to construct a multi-layer space, and draws decorative patterns on it by hand, making the paper sewing kits both practical and artistic. In the past, paper sewing kits used to be an important tool for Miao and Dong women to engage in handicraft skills in Guizhou. In modern life, due to the lack of raw materials, long production cycle, complex production process and other factors, paper sewing kits have gradually disappeared in local people’s daily life, being replaced by some convenient machine,made products. Therefore, the research and innovative development of paper sewing kits are of urgency and important significance. This paper analyzes and studies the visual modeling of paper sewing kits using the research methods of field investigation and physical analysis in combination with the three composition principles, and sorts out the following characteristics: first and foremost, the producer draws rich and layered decorative patterns by hand on the paper sewing kits, including plant patterns, animal patterns and geometric patterns. With the help of plane composition principle, we can find that the visual patterns of paper sewing kits are organically composed of points, lines and planes of different forms organically combined on the skeleton of " Chinese characters shi (ten)" and " mi (meter)" . These patterns with the form of multiple plane composition in the plane space highlight the regular layout and rhythm of the picture. At the same time, the special material texture and original ecological preservation method strengthen the unique texture and charm of the paper sewing kits. Besides, the colors of the paper sewing kits from the external homespun packaging to the internal pattern mainly include blue, yellow, red, green and so on. It is concluded from the analysis of the color composition principle that the paper sewing kits contain the holistic harmonic color and the partial contrast color in the harmonious color relationship, and the color lightness and purity are low. These visual colors not only have decorative function but also contain cultural implications. Red and green are the two most common colors in the paper sewing kit samples seen by the authors, which is obviously related to the local color aesthetic orientation. For example, red and green are the main colors in the decorative parts of Miao women’s costumes in Xijiang. The rich colors conveying the beautiful feelings and sustenance of Guizhou minority women, are also associated with traditional folk customs and religious beliefs. Last but not least, the paper sewing kit is folded and pasted from several pieces of handmade paper, locally known as cover paper. After being unfolded successively, it contains three kinds of boxes with large, medium and small specifications. Different spaces are suitable for storing different sewing supplies. The closed paper sewing kits are as thick as a book, and it is of moderate size and easy to carry around. From the perspective of three-dimensional composition, the producers of paper sewing kits skillfully construct storage space by folding and pasting and realizing the free conversion on a plane and three,dimensional level, which fully improves the utilization rate of space. It can be seen that the paper sewing kits are a folk artwork of ethnic minorities containing the beauty of composition, and its unique visual elements provide abundant inspirations for modern design. To truly integrate this kind of traditional thing into modern life, creative integration with modern design is needed to innovate practical products that not only serve the public but also integrate culture and art. This creative mode is also an effective approach and method to activate traditional folk art in the new era. This paper interprets the decorative patterns, color collocation and structural characteristics of paper sewing kits from the perspectives of plane composition, color composition and three-dimensional composition, and excavates its deep cultural connotation. At the same time, the authors pay attention to the innovative development of paper sewing kits in modern society, hoping to promote the innovative development of traditional things by integrating the visual elements of paper sewing kits with modern design innovation, so as to better inherit national culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objective] The present paper aimed at determining the occurrence of chilli veinal mottle virus (ChiVMV) in tobacco in Guizhou and the genetic evolution relationship between the ChiVMV strains in Guizhou and in other provinces in China, so as to provide a basis for formulating scientific and reasonable prevention and control measures. [Method] 80 tobacco leaf samples suspected of virus infection were collected from the tobacco fields of Guiyang, Zunyi, Anshun and Tongren in Guizhou province, showing the symptoms of leaf mottling, wrinkling, necrosis and mosaic. Multiple viral primers were designed to detect the collected samples by RT-PCR method, and the detected ChiVMV was further amplified by PCR to obtain the whole genome sequence of Guizhou tobacco ChiVMV. Based on all ChiVMV genome sequences published by NCBI, sequence consistency analysis was performed and phylogenetic evolutionary tree was constructed to study the genetic evolutionary relationship of Guizhou ChiVMV tobacco isolates. [Result] The results of RT-PCR showed that the detection rate of ChiVMV was 37. 50%, the detection rate of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) was 48. 75%, and the detection rate of potato virus Y (PVY) was 35. 00%. The detection rate of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) was only 8. 75%. Four complex infection types TMV + PVY, PVY + ChiVMV, PVY + CMV and ChiVMV + PVY + TMV were detected, and the detection rates were 26. 25%, 6. 25%, 10. 00% and 3. 75%, respectively. Guizhou tobacco isolate ChiVMV-GZ (GenBank: OP589298) was obtained by PCR. Sequence consistency analysis showed that ChivMV-GZ was identical with tomato isolates from Sichuan (KC711055) and Sichuan tobacco isolates (MK405594) with high sequence consistency (98. 70% and 98. 50%). Phylogenetic tree was constructed and it found that ChivMV-GZ clustered with ChiVMV strains from Sichuan and Yunnan. [Conclusion] The damage of ChiVMV in Guizhou tobacco has been increasingly serious and sufficient attention should be paid. ChiVMV-GZ was isolated from Guizhou tobacco and amplified to obtain the whole genome of the virus in the study. Based on genetic evolution analysis, it was found that ChiVMV-GZ was most closely related to ChiVMV strains from Sichuan and Yunnan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays, many countries and regions in the world have experienced the problem of population shrinkage brought about by the decline in permanent population. With the development of economic transformation and the construction of new-type urbanization, the urban-rural and inter-regional flow of population has accelerated, and the shrinkage of regional population has become a common problem. Based on this, this paper selects the population data of Guizhou counties from 2008 to 2017, using the annual average population change rate to measure the spatial trend of population shrinkage. A Multi-Scale Geographic Weighted Regression Model (MG‐ WR) is chosen to explore the influencing factors of the characteristics of the population change in Guizhou counties. We have found that:(1) From 2008 to 2012, the population shrinkage of Guizhou counties increased significantly, especially in the western and southern regions. Between 2013 and 2017, the population shrinkage counties in Guizhou decreased sharply, and it was mainly concentrated in the severe rocky desertification area in the southwest. (2) From 2008 to 2017, the main types of population shrinkage in Guizhou counties were phased shrinkage, followed by continuous growth, while continuous contraction was the least prevalent. (3) Social economic and natural environmental factors have significantly different impact on the population shrinkage of Guizhou counties. The primary driving factor for population shrinkage in Guizhou counties is government fiscal expenditure, followed by topographical fluctuations. Factors such as the distance to prefecture-level cities and provincial capitals have a greater impact, while the proportion of non-rocky desertification areas, per capita GDP, and the proportion of secondary and tertiary industries had a relatively smaller influence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unbalanced pattern of population urbanization in Guizhou is mainly restricted by natural background conditions such as karst landform environment, and is also closely related to economic and geographical factors such as the developing difference in various regions in the province, the number and density of cities and towns. Based on the regional differences in the population scale and density in the Qing Dynasty, this paper discusses the regional distribution of the number, density and hierarchical status of towns, and analyzes the internal relationship between urban distribution and regional geographical factors such as population, immigration, historical construction, economic development and ethnic situation, which can deepen the understanding of the evolution process of Guizhou's population distribution and urbanization pattern, and provide a certain historical basis for Guizhou's population development and urbanization policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are many species of terrestrial Mollusca with rapid reproduction rates, a wide distribution range, and a large population. They are not only an important wildlife resource but also an important component of biodiversity. Previously, basic research has been conducted on the species diversity and distribution of terrestrial Mollusca in some nature reserves in Guizhou and Yunnan. The existing sample data of terrestrial Mollusca in Guizhou and survey results from Guiyang, Libo, and Xishui from July 2019 to December 2020 listed 316 species and subspecies (including 13 undefined species) belonging to two subclasses, four orders, 20 families, and 76 genera in Guizhou Province. From the perspective of species composition, the dominant family is Cyclophoridae, with 16 genera and 71 species; the second most dominant family is Bradybaenidae, with 15 genera and 61 species, followed by Helicinidae and Cochlicopidae with one genera and one species. The dominant species are Kaliella cavicola, Bradybaena similaris, Diplommatina herziana, Diplommatina consularis, Chamalycaeus nanus, and Plectotropis pseudopatula. From the perspective of geographical distribution, terrestrial Mollusca are the most abundant in the central region of Guizhou, with 17 families, 54 genera, and 170 species. The areas with the second greatest abundance of terrestrial Mollusca are the sub-subtropical humid areas in southern Guizhou and the sub-subtropical areas in southwestern Guizhou, with 18 families, 56 genera, and 152 species and 17 families, 57 genera, and 150 species, respectively. There are only 10 families, 18 genera, and 27 species in the eastern area of Guizhou. Similarity analysis of species in different regions of Guizhou Province showed that the species composition of terrestrial Mollusca in the southern area, northern area, and southwestern area of Guizhou is similar, whereas the species composition of terrestrial Mollusca in the eastern area of Guizhou is markedly different from that of other regions. This paper discusses the species and distribution pattern of terrestrial Mollusca in Guizhou Province and their resource characteristics to provide a scientific basis for the protection and rational utilization of terrestrial Mollusca resources and to further enrich the research data of terrestrial Mollusca in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[ Purpose] The present paper aimed to study the physical properties, soil enzyme activities and their correlation characteristics of wild Bletilla striata soil in different producing areas in Guizhou, so as to provide a theoretical basis for realizing high yield and quality of B. striata artificial cultivation. [ Method] 8 soil sample plots for the wild B. striata were collected in Guizhou province to detect and analyze the soil physical and enzyme activity index characteristics and the correlation between them. [ Result]The soil density was between 2. 06 -2. 55 g/ cm³ with weak variation. The soil texture was mainly clay loam and sandy loam. In most soils, the proportion of the > 0. 25 mm size soil water-stable aggregates reached 70% . The distribution of the soil water-stable aggregates size fraction were different, 2 - 5 mm size fraction was the dominant size fraction in 4 soil plots, < 0. 25 mm size fraction was the dominant size fraction in 3 soil plots. The dominant size fraction of soil micro-aggregate was 0. 25 -0. 05 mm size fraction. The activities of urease, acid phosphatase and sucrase in soil were significantly different with strong variation. The activities of catalase in soil were not significantly different with weak variation. Soil enzyme activity was strongly influenced by the soil density, soil aggregates and microaggregates. There was a significant positive correlation between urease and acid phosphatase, which could promote each other. [Conclusion] Guizhou wild B. striata has strong adaptability to soil environment. It mainly grows in sandy soil or clay with soil clay content less than 25 %, and some wild B. striata can also grow in clay with soil clay content more than 30% ; Soil specific gravity, soil aggregates and micro aggregates are important factors affecting soil enzyme activity of B. striata. The suitable soil specific gravity is 2. 06 - 2. 55 g/ cm³, the dominant particle size is 2 - 5 mm or < 0. 25 mm, and loam is the best soil texture; Urease and acid phosphatase can promote each other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]