The Baisong deposit in Kaili is a representative Pb-Zn deposit in eastern Guizhou province, but its research is relatively weak. In this paper, the mineralogical study of this deposit was carried out in detail using an ore microscope and TIMA. The results show that the ore minerals of the Baisong Pb-Zn deposit are mainly sphalerite, galena, and smithsonite, while the gangue minerals are mainly dolomite and a little bitumen. The ores are characterized by brecciform, vein-like, disseminated, massive, variegated, honeycomb, and stellate structures, and mainly consists of hypidiomorphic to automorphic, allotriomorphic, and metasomatic texture. The wall rock alterations near the ore body are mainly dolomitization, followed by bituminization, a small amount of pyritization, and calcilization. The ore deposit is dominated by sulfide ore, but some oxidation has occurred near the surface of the ore bearing layers. The characteristics of the ore and mineral indicate that the deposit has experienced three epochs: l) Pre-enrichment of ore-forming materials occurred in the sedimentary-diagenetic epoch; 2) Extensive hydrothermal activity occurred in the ore-forming epoch and a large amount of lead-zinc sulfide and dolomite precipitated, and 3) Ore oxidation occurred in the near-surface environment in the supergene epoch. The mineralization temperature of this deposit is low, and the organic matter of oil and gas may be involved in the mineralization, and it belongs to the MVT deposit. This research is in helping to guide the later exploration of lead-zinc minerals and comprehensive utilization of mineral resources in this deposit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]