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Objective To preliminarily summarize the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of functional movement disorder (FMD) based on movement disorders clinic in China. Methods and Results A total of 593 patients with movement disorders newly diagnosed in movement disorders clinic of 22 clinical medical centers from August to September in 2023 were included, including 37 patients (6.24%) with FMD and 556 patients (93.76%) with organic movement disorder. Comparison of the epidemiological characteristics of the 2 groups, the proportions of corona virus disease (COVID⁃19) infection (χ2 = 4.217, P = 0.040) and psychopsychological symptoms (χ2 = 18.694, P = 0.000) in the FMD group were higher than those in the organic movement disorder group, while age (t = 3.757, P = 0.000), age of onset (t = 3.720, P = 0.000) and proportion of hypertension (χ2 = 4.736, P = 0.030) were lower than those in the organic movement disorder group. Comparison of the clinical characteristics of the 2 groups, the FMD group had higher proportions of tremor (χ2 = 3.955, P = 0.047) and myoclonus (Fisher′s exact probability: P = 0.011) than the organic movement disorder group, and the proportions of parkinsonism (χ2 = 8.491, P = 0.004) and gait disorder (χ2 = 5.028, P = 0.025) were lower than those in the organic movement disorder group. Conclusions The age and age of onset, as well as the proportions of COVID⁃19 infection, hypertension, psychopsychological symptoms, tremor, myoclonus, parkinsonism and gait disorder with FMD were different from those with organic movement disorder in China.

At present, casein can be isolated from skim milk by membrane filtration technology, and micellar casein concentrate could be obtained by concentration, sterilization, drying. In this paper, the factors affecting the composition of micellar casein concentrate and its application in cheese production were reviewed. It was found that pH value, temperature and diafiltrant during membrane filtration all affected the composition of micellar casein concentrate, resulting in different concentrations of casein, whey protein, lactose and calcium. It is also possible to standardize raw milk by micellar casein concentrate to produce cheese with the same composition and quality. It is also possible to obtain different raw milk compositions by micellar casein concentrate having different components to produce cheese with desired quality and function. In conclusion, the addition of micellar casein concentrate could affect the composition, texture and flavor of cheese during cheese production, but these problems could be solved by adjusting the process parameters of membrane filtration and cheesemaking. Further research will be still required to find an economic way to preserve micellar casein concentrate and give it extended shelf life, good rennet properties to ensure cheese quality and yield.

When encountering heavy rain, the membrane surface with a relatively small slope is easy to accumulate water. Accurately simulating the deformation of the membrane surface at this time will help ensure the safety of the structure. The linear constitutive model of membrane material used in existing research is not suitable for simulating the deformation of membrane structure in rainstorm. This study conducts a uniform load test on a membrane structure to simulate the mechanical behavior of the membrane surface in rainstorm and obtains the deformation form of the structure when water is accumulated. The linear constitutive model and the double broken line constitutive model of membrane material are used in the finite element model of the membrane structure for load analysis. By comparing the deformation of the finite element model and the actual structure, it selects the constitutive model suitable for simulating the deformation of the membrane structure in heavy rain. The numerical simulation results show that the structural deformation simulated by the double broken line constitutive model is closer to the deformation measured in the experiment than the linear constitutive model. The research results can provide a reference for the selection of the membrane constitutive model and the analysis of membrane structure in rainstorm.

People commonly hypothesize that an independent variable follows a Gamma distribution in many areas,including hydrology,meteorology and insurance claim.Under the Gamma distribution assumption,Gamma regression model enables an outstanding fitting effect,compared with multivariate linear-regression model.Previous studies may be able to obtain a Gamma regression model trained only on a public dataset.However,when the datasets are provided by multiple parties,how to seek to address the problem of data privacy by training Gamma regression model without exchanging the data itself? A secure multi-party federated Gamma regression algorithm has been applied to this area.Firstly,the log-likelihood function is derived with the iterative method.Secondly,the link function is determined according to the fact,and the gradient updating strategy is constructed by the loss function.Finally,the parameters with homomorphic encryption are updated,then the training is completed.The model is tested on two public datasets,and the results show that under the premise of privacy protection our method can effectively use the value of multi-party data to generate Gamma regression model.The fitting performance of our method is better than that of Gamma regression model implements in a single part,and is close to the result yielded by centralized data learning model.

Objective: This study focused on improving comprehensive utilization rate of ziziphi spinosae semen resources. Methods: With the ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, solid-liquid ratio, ethanol volume fraction and ultrasonic temperature as the influencing factors, and the extraction rate of isovitexin-glucopyranoside in ziziphi spinosae semen as the index, the extraction process parameters of isovitexin-glucopyranoside were optimized by response surface methodology. Results: The optimal extraction conditions of isovitexin-glucopyranoside were ultrasonic power 405 W, ultrasonic time 60 min, solid-liquid ratio 1∶16 （g/mL） and ethanol volume fraction 75%. Under the control of these conditions, the extraction rate of isovitexin-glucopyranoside was 0.705%, which was close to the predicted value （0.719%）, indicating that the predicted value of the extraction rate of isovitexin-glucopyranoside fit well with the actual situation. Conclusion: The ultrasonic assisted extraction of isovitexin-glucopyranoside is stable and reliable with high extraction rate.

The compact storage system is a new storage technology in the field of intelligent logistics technology, and its most typical feature is that it can realize multi-depth storage of unit loads. In this paper, the path optimization problem of the co-existence of both single command (SC) and dual command (DC) operations of the stacker in the dual-port layout is studied, and the mathematical model of the problem is established with the shortest travel time of the stacker as the objective. A genetic algorithm (GA)-beam search (BS) hybrid optimization algorithm is designed to solve the model, and the optimal individual obtained by the GA is used as the initial path choice of the BS to avoid local optimum. The effectiveness of the model and algorithm is verified by numerical simulation, and the results show that the operation path optimization model of the stacker and the designed solution method can better adapt to the I/O tasks scheduling requirements in the compact three-dimensional warehouse with dual-port layout, get a more reasonable stacker scheduling scheme, and improve the storage efficiency.

Micro-addition of alloying elements is not only an effective method to improve the overall performance of aluminum matrix composites but also a proven workable low-cost technology in improving the reinforced phase/matrix interface structure and regulating the mechanical property of strength-toughness other than the physical processes such as electromagnetic stirring and ultrasonic vibration, as well as preparation technologies like bimodal structure and biomimetic layered materials, etc. In recent years, the research of alloying elements in TiB2 particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites has attracted much attention and achieved remarkable results which lay a good foundation for better understanding of its mechanism on the nano-level or even the atomic level. A series of latest developments on the properties of TiB2/Al composites by adding alloying elements at home and abroad were summarized, i.e. TiB2 particle morphology, microstructure and mechanical properties.The mechanism of micro-alloying and its prospect on regulating crack initiation and propagation, exerting intrinsic mechanical properties of micro and nano scale, along with coordinating the dilemma of strength-ductility trade-off were also forecasted, aimed at providing reference for the preparation of high-performance aluminum matrix composites.

Ti3SiC2 ceramic bulk with a relative density greater than 99% was prepared by hot pressing sintering (HP) using Ti3SiC2 powder as raw material, and the hardness, flexural strength and fracture toughness of HP Ti3SiC2 bulk were 775HV, 520.46 MPa and 7.62 MPa·m1/2, respectively. To evaluate its oxidation-resistance and thermal shock resistance, ultra-high temperature ablation tests were conducted under oxyacetylene flame without cooling. The results show that the Ti3SiC2 ceramics remain flat within 10 s of the ablation, no macrocracks within 25 s.SEM and XRD analysis reveal that Ti3SiC2 samples are decomposed and oxidized during the ultra-high temperature ablation, elements Si and C are oxidized into gaseous Si-O and C-O compounds, TiO2 (rutile) with a loose structure remains on the surface of the sample. To analyze the internal oxide layer, a dense layer composed of rutile TiO2 and Al2TiO5 is observed, under which an Al2O3 particle-enriched layer is found covering the substrate. The dense internal oxide layer can effectively prevent O2 from diffusing inward, thereby reducing the oxidation rate of Ti3SiC2. The high melting point and high viscosity Al2O3 particle layer can absorb a large amount of heat and then reduce the transfer of heat flow to the Ti3SiC2 substrate, thus improving the anti-ablation of the Ti3SiC2 material.

Various contents (0%, 2%, 5% and 8%,mass fraction,the same below) of TiB2/Al-4.5Cu composites were prepared by mixed salt reaction method. After T6 heat treatment, XRD, ICP, OM, SEM, EDS and tensile test at room temperature were adopted to observe microstructure and assess mechanical properties of the composites. XRD and ICP tests confirm that the alloys contained only α-Al, Al2Cu and TiB2,Al3Ti and Al2B phases are not found.OM and SEM observations show that the average grain size of α-Al in the matrix material is 167.5 μm, while is 110.4,87.2,75.2 μm in 2%, 5%, and 8% TiB2/Al-4.5Cu, respectively. TEM observation indicates that the TiB2 particles are quadrate and hexagonal structure dispersed in the grain boundary chiefly. Room-temperature tensile experiments show that with the increasing of TiB2 content, the mechanical properties of TiB2/Al-4.5Cu composites are improved gradually. Especially,for the composite with TiB2 mass fraction of 8%, the yield strength(YS), ultimate tensile strength(UTS),elastic modulus and microhardness are 356 MPa, 416 MPa, 92.5 GPa and 96.5HV, separately. However,the elongation(δ) decreases from 10.3% to 4.3%. Analysis suggests the enhancement of load transfer, fine crystal and dislocation proliferation are all the factors that greatly improve the mechanical properties of TiB2/Al-4.5Cu composites, in especial, the dislocation cell and loop distributed around TiB2 particles play a decisive role in enhancing the strength.

OBJECTIVES The Xiuwacu Mo-W deposit is a typical hydrothermal quartz vein deposit in the Yidun island arc Cu-Mo metallogenic belt, northwest Yunnan. Numerous studies have been conducted on rock and ore chronology and petrogenesis, dynamics, but its ore-forming fluid evolution has been rarely studied. OBJECTIVES To reveal the origin and evolution of ore-forming fluids of the Xiuwacu Mo-W deposit. METHODS Scanning electron microscope (SEM) cathodoluminescence method, and in situ trace element (LA-ICP-MS) and in situ Sr (fs-LA-MC-ICP-MS) isotope analyses of scheelite. RESULTS The occurrences of scheelite and the cathodoluminescence images indicated three generations of scheelite, Ⅰ, Ⅱ, and Ⅲ, with the middle stage scheelite being the most developed. The rare earth element pattern of the scheelite in the early stage was similar to that of the porphyritic granite. It showed a right-inclined pattern with light rare earth enrichment and a moderate negative Eu anomaly (δEu=0.42). The average Mo content was 3.0%, and the average 87Sr/86Sr was 0.7098, close to the specular feldspar granite (0.7075-0.7098). Compared with scheelite in the early stage, the content of light rare earth elements in the scheelite from the middle stage was low, and Eu also had a medium negative anomaly (δEu=0.37). Mo content was reduced to an average of 2445μg/g, and 87Sr/86Sr increased to 0.7113. The rare earth distribution pattern of scheelite in the later stage showed an arched pattern with relative enrichment of middle rare earth and no Eu anomaly (δEu=0.93). Mo content of scheelite decreased to 56μg/g, and average 87Sr/86Sr was 0.7083. Conclusion From early to late, the gradual decrease of light rare-earth elements, especially La and Ce, in scheelite indicates the crystallization of bastnaesite. The increase in δEu and the sharp decrease in Mo content indicate the transformation of ore-forming fluids from oxidation to reduction. The change of Sr isotope composition indicates the change in the source of ore-forming materials. The magmatic fluid contributed a lot in the early stage, and the large-scale interaction between the magma-hydrothermal fluids and surrounding rocks is responsible for the formation of scheelite in the middle stage. The strata provide amounts of Ca for scheelite formation, indicating that strong water-rock interaction played an important role in the formation of the deposit.

Objective Soft tissue balancing in knee joint is a key technique for successful operation of total knee arthroplasty(TKA). There is not a widely accepted metric for balance, manual balance has been achieved primarily through tactile feedback and visual cue. That makes difficulties in learners'training. A new electronic sensor can measure the pressure of medial and lateral compartment of knee, and is applied in the skill training of total knee arthroplasty. Methods Five trainee surgeons attended 14 electronic sensor balancing TKA separately, there are 70 cases in total. Trainee surgeons did manual balance, then it was checked by electronic sensor in 0°,45°,90°knee position. All cases were divided into 7 groups according to chronological order. The unbalance cases were recorded in each group and compared statistically. Results For 0°,45°,90°knee position, the first group has 7,6,5 unbalance cases respectively. During the training, the unbalance case number is decreasing, the seventh group has 1,1,2 unbalance cases at last. There is significant difference between the first and the seventh group for 0°,45°. It is demanding for 45°balancing with most unbalance cases. Conclusions Electronic sensor is a new tool for TKA training. It helps the trainee surgeons to master soft tissue balancing technique quickly and effectively.

In order to solve the problem that alumina based ceramic core is not easy to remove core, a certain amount of PA66 fiber was added as pore forming material to prepare porous aluminum based ceramic core by hot pressing. The influence of PA66 fiber content on the porosity, room temperature bending strength and sintering shrinkage of aluminum based ceramic core was investigated, and the mechanism of PA66 fiber content on the porosity of aluminum based ceramic core was analyzed. The results show that the porosity of alumina based ceramic core is significantly increased by adding PA66 fiber, and the sintering shrinkage of the core is effectively blocked. With the increase of PA66 fiber, the porosity of alumina based ceramic core is increased, and the bending strength and line shrinkage rate at room temperature are decreased. When the PA66 fiber content is 0.9%(mass fraction), the porosity of the aluminum based ceramic core is 41.14%, the bending strength is 15.33 MPa, and the linear shrinkage rate is 0.418%.

BACKGROUND The Nanyangtian scheelite deposit is an important skarn scheelite deposit in Yunnan Province, which is located in Laojunshan W-Sn deposit area, Southeast Yunnan. Due to its complex geological background and multi-stage metallogenic characteristics, its mineralization age and genesis remain controversial. OBJECTIVES To explore the metallogenic age, genesis and material origins of two types of scheelite deposits in order to explore formation patterns. METHODS Molybdenum Re-Os isotope dating was used to constrain the age, whereas in situ trace element and in situ Sr isotopes of scheelite were used to determine the composition of trace elements and Sr isotopes in scheelite. RESULTS The Re-Os isochron age of molybdenite associated with scheelite in the feldspar-quartz mineral vein of Nanyantian was 151.0±1.3Ma, younger than the age of skarn mineralization, indicating a later mineralization event. The skarn-type scheelite was enriched in light rare earth elements with negative Eu anomaly (δEu=0.46). The average content of ∑REE, Mo and Sr in skarn scheelite were 65.60, 240.16 and 883.43μg/g, respectively. Feldspar-quartz vein-type scheelite showed a flat rare earth pattern with positive Eu anomaly (δEu=2.8) and average content of ∑REE, Mo and Sr were 194.40, 16.01 and 129.26μg/g, respectively. respectively. The skarn scheelite had a relatively low and uniform 87Sr/86Sr value of 0.71319 to 0.71491, indicating that the ore-forming fluids were mainly magmatic-hydrothermal in origin, whereas feldspar-quartz vein type scheelite had a wide 87Sr/86Sr range of 0.71537 to 0.72803, with an average of 0.72079, characteristic of metamorphic fluids. CONCLUSIONS The differences in trace and rare earth element contents between two types of mineralization indicate that they have different fluid sources. The negative Eu anomaly of the skarn-type scheelite indicates a high oxygen fugacity environment, whereas the feldspar-quartz vein-type scheelite is formed in a reductive environment in terms of positive Eu anomaly. Sr isotopes of two different types of scheelite display a feature of binary mixing, indicating that feldspar-quartz vein-type scheelite has a superimposed transformation effect on skarn-type scheelite, and the strong metasomatism of ore-forming fluids and surrounding rocks is the key to the formation of scheelite.

The experiment aimed to explore the effects of autumn supplementary feeding on the serum biochemical indexes of Oula sheep at different age stages. A total of 24 healthy and similar-conditioned Oula ewes at the ages of 6, 12, and 36 months were selected for each age group. The Oula sheep at each age stage were randomly divided into a grazing group (group 1) and a grazing + supplementary feeding group (group 1), with three replicates in each group and four sheep in each replicate. The pre-feeding period was 10 days and the formal experimental period was 60 days. The results showed that the average daily weight gain of the group ii was higher than that of the group i for 6-month-old and 12-month-old sheep ( P<0.05). In 6-month-old sheep of the group i, the serum E2 and GH levels were higher than those in the group i ( P<0.05). In 12-month-old and 36-month-old sheep of the group i, the ALP activity was higher than that in the group i( P<0.05). In 6-month-old sheep of the group i, the serum GLB level was higher than that in the group i( P<0.05). In 12-month-old sheep of the group, the IL-2 level was higher than that in the group ( P<0.05). In 36-month-old sheep of the group, the levels of GLB, IgM, IL-4, and IL-6 were higher than those in the group ( P<0.05). In 6-month-old sheep of the group, the serum GSH-Px activity was higher than that in the group ( P<0.05). In 12-month-old and 36-month-old sheep of the group, the SOD activity was higher than that in the group ( P<0.05). The study suggests that autumn supplementary feeding promotes the rapid maturation of 6-month-old ewes, enhances the growth, metabolic capacity, immune function, and antioxidant ability at different age in Oula sheep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of China's solid wood furniture industry is relatively mature. As a precious raw wood material, rosewood plays an important role in the solid wood furniture industry. The number of imported rosewood in China has also increased year by year. The traditional identification method of rosewood categories mainly relied on the experience of professionals, so accurate and scientific identification of rosewood was very important for both furniture industry and handicrafts. In this article, a rosewood recognition method based on the surrounding features of wood was proposed. The BP neural network algorithm was used to establish a recognition model, which has been proven to have good recognition effect and can provide a new method for the identification of rosewood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND The Kunyang phosphate deposit in central Yunnan is the largest marine sedimentary phosphorite deposit in China. The deposit is hosted in black shale of the Lower Cambrian Meishucun Formation. However, there is still some controversy on the material source of the phosphorite and the deposition age of the black shale. OBJECTIVES To precisely date the black shale and provide direct constraint for the depositional age of the phosphorite and to better understand the successive depositional environment evolution from the phosphorite to black shale in vertical profiles. METHODS Negative Thermal Ionization Mass Spectrometry (NTIMS) Re-Os isotope tracer and dating studies were performed on phosphorite of Zhongyicun Member and black shale of Shiyantou Member in the Kunyang phosphate deposit. RESULTS The Re-Os isochron age of black shale in the Shiyantou Member is 521.9±5.4 Ma, which directly constrains the deposition age of black shale in the Kunyang Phosphate deposit. The phosphorite and black shale samples have initial 187Os/188Os values from 0.6576 to 0.7671 and of 0.887, respectively. The phosphorite and black shale samples have 187Re/188Os values of 2.582-240.5 and 96.24-341.8, respectively. The δEu and δCe values of trace elements in the phosphorite and black shale show changes from low to high in the vertical profile. This evidence indicates that the formation of the Kunyang phosphorus deposit occurred in the period of rapid erosion in the mainland and a large amount of terrigenous debris involvement in diagenesis-mineralization also occurred. CONCLUSIONS Based on previous studies, the atmospheric oxygen content increased rapidly, aggravating the weathering of the continental crust and the input of a large number of highly radioactive terrestrial Os caused the initial 187Os/188Os initial ratio to increase gradually during the Cambrian Period. In addition, due to the rise of the global sea level, the paleo-marine environment of the Lower Cambrian Meishucun gradually changed from shallow water oxidization to deep water reduction. The Kunyang phosphorus deposit formed during the early stages of the sea-inward-cycle sedimentation.

Sclerotinia stem rot is a broad-spectrum threat to rapeseed production, and Brassica juncea contains abundant genetic resources for resistance against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Therefore, it is of great significance to carry out screening, localization, and exploration of resistance loci for sclerotinia stem rot in Brassica juncea germplasm resources for the breeding of Sclerotinia-resistant rapeseed. In this study, the S. sclerotiorum resistance of Brassica juncea germplasm resources collected from various regions in Yunnan Province was evaluated under three different growth environments, and a whole-genome association analysis of S. sclerotiorum resistance loci was conducted based on the resequencing data of 91 Brassica juncea germplasm materials. According to the results of leaf identification under in vitro conditions in the three growth environments, one highly resistant germplasm material J7667 and one relatively resistant germplasm material J047 were selected. The resequencing data of the 91 materials were aligned to the reference genome of Brassica juncea for variation detection analysis, resulting in the detection of 11 337 871 SNPs and 40 170 Indels distributed on the 18 chromosomes of Brassica juncea. After data filtering, 403 211 high-quality SNPs were obtained. The phenotypic data of in vitro leaves, in vitro stems, and stem resistance to S. sclerotiorum of the 91 materials under the three growth environments were subjected to whole-genome association analysis using two analysis software, Emmax and Tassel. In the in vitro leaves, both analysis methods identified a total of 62 significantly associated SNP loci with resistance in the three different growth environments, including 23 and 39 significantly associated SNP loci in the Luoping winter sowing and Xiaoshao winter sowing environments, respectively, while no resistance loci were detected in the Xiaoshao summer sowing environment. In the stem of Luoping winter sowing, both methods detected 3 significantly associated SNP loci with resistance, while no significant SNP was detected in the stem of Xiaoshao summer sowing. In the Tassel method, closely located resistance SNP loci were detected on chromosomes A2, A8, and B2 in Luoping winter sowing and Xiaoshao winter sowing, while in the Emmax method, closely located resistance SNP loci were detected on chromosomes B5 and B8 in Luop-ing winter sowing and Xiaoshao winter sowing. In addition, this study mapped the previously identified S. sclerotio-rum resistance QTL loci and the resistance loci identified in this study to the reference genome of Brassica juncea. It was found that the resistance QTL intervals identified in this study (XLRA2-2, XLRA1-4) overlapped with the reported resistance QTL loci Sll2 and qsr10-1, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Xingcheng City, in Liaoning Province, is one of the advantageous apple production regions in the Bohai Bay area, where apple industry has greatly promoted rural revitalization. Studying the spatial distribution characteristics of soil fertility plays the basis role for realizing scientific fertilization in orchards and promoting high-quality development. Through the research on the spatial distribution and profile distribution of soil nutrients in apple orchards in Xingcheng, the data set of soil nutrient in 2019 was obtained, including soil pH, EC, SOM, TSN, AHN, AP, AK, ACa, AMg in soil layers 0-30 cm. Users can obtain the database by phone or email, or contact the Research Institute of Pomology, CAAS. The establishment and sharing of the dataset of soil nutrient characteristics of apple orchard in 2019 in Xingcheng can support the research for the distribution of soil nutrient, providing the theoretical basis for scientific fertilization, orchard soil fertility and fruit quality improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the efficacy of capreomycin adjuvant therapy for multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and its effect on quality of life and immune function. Methods Eighty-eight elderly pulmonary tuberculosis patients admitted to Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University from October 2019 to October 2020 were selected and divided into two groups according to the random number table method. The control group (n=44) used 4-6Am-Mfx (Lfx) -Pto- Cfz-Z-Hhigh-dose-E/5 Mfx(Lfx)-Cfz-Z-E, the research group (n=44) used capreomycin on the basis of the control group. The 6- Minute Walk Test (6MWT) measured value / predicted value and quality of life [36-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire (SF-36)] scores, safety evaluation results, chest CT cavity and lesion absorption rate and sputum culture turned negative were compared between the two groups, and the serum procalcitonin (PCT) expression levels and immune function were detected before and after treatment. Results The 6MWT measured value/predicted value of the research group and control group before the treatment were (0.48±0.11) and (0.64±0.13), which were significantly higher than corresponding (0.51± 0.12) and (0.58±0.14) after treatment (t=6.23, 2.520, P<0.05), the measured/expected value of 6MWT increased in both groups after treatment. Compared with the same group before treatment, the SF-36 scores for each dimension increased in both groups after treatment (P<0.01). The expression levels of serum PCT in the research group and control group before the treatment were (0.37±0.09) ng/mL and (0.12±0.03) ng/mL versus (0.36±0.11) ng/mL and (0.21±0.06) ng/mL after treatment (t=17.480, 7.940, P <0.01). Compared with the same group before treatment, serum PCT expression levels decreased in both groups after treatment. Compared with the same group before treatment, CD3+, CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ were elevated in both groups after treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01); after treatment, CD3+, CD4+, and CD4+/CD8+ were significantly higher in research group compared to the control group (t=4.21, 8.02, 2.04, P<0.05). The absorption rate of chest CT cavity and lesions and negative rate of sputum culture in the research group were 88.64% (39/44) and 81.82% (36/44), which were significantly higher than corresponding 63.64% (28/44) and 61.36% (27/44) in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Capreomycin can improve the quality of life of MDR-TB patients, extend the 6-minute walking distance, and regulate serum PCT expression levels and immune function, to promote the absorption of chest CT cavity and lesions, and sputum culture to turn negative, and the security is acceptable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To achieve the goals of carbon emission-peak and carbon neutrality, the energy conservation problem of subway air-conditioning system has become more and more prominent. Since the load of the subway equipment management room varies obviously with the start and stop of the equipment, the traditional air-conditioning system of constant air volume cannot change the air supply volume of the system, which would cause the waste of the cooling capacity. The air-conditioning system of variable air volume can be used to achieve the air supply on demand for different rooms at different times. This paper builds a simulation platform of the VAV air-conditioning system for a subway station in Zhengzhou and the platform is integrated with the load model of the subway equipment room to achieve on-demand air supply. The simulation platform is used to simulate the control characteristics and air volume characteristics of the VAV system. By adjusting the valve opening of the VAV-box terminal, the demanded air volume of the room is supplied on according to different load demands. The results show that the actual operating air volume basically matches the demand air volume and the deviation is less than 1%. The control effects of room temperature between the constant air volume system and the VAV system are compared. The room temperature with the constant air volume system is decreased to 34 °C, which is lower than the design temperature of 36 °. While, the room temperature with the VAV system can be precisely controlled at 36 °, and the waste of cooling capacity is avoided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quality of postharvest fruit is susceptible to deteriorate, resulting in economic losses, and the disease caused by pathogen is one of the main reasons for the deterioration of postharvest fruit quality. At present, the research on postharvest disease loss of fruit is mainly focused on the pathogenic mechanism of pathogens, although few has been reported on the resistance response of fruits after infected by pathogens. In this paper, the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of postharvest response to pathogen infection were reviewed, including the effects of pathogen infection on fruit cell structure, fruit defense enzyme system and the role of fruit metabolites in disease resistance. The research status of fruit disease resistance genes was also discussed. The response of harvested fruits that were infected by pathogens was deeply reviewed from the physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms, which laid the foundation for the research and development of new techniques of fruit preservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dendrites are formed on the interface because its stability is destroyed in the charging process for metal-air battery, which leads to the safety and short life of the metal-air battery. Focused on the problems, the researchers Investigated the dendrites growth though theory, experiment and simulation to suppress it. In this paper, the mechanism of dendrites growth in the electrodeposition for metal-air batteries was firstly addressed and analyzed. Then, the resent researches about the dendrite suppression methods in the charging process for metal-air batteries were overviewed. The results show that the modification and structural design of the metal negative electrode and the improved electrolyte can effectively inhibit the dendrites growth. Adjusting the temperature nearby the anode interface to regulate the uniform deposition can inhibit the growth of dendrites. From the present investigation and results, the following research method should combine the experiment and simulation and focus on the synergistic effect of current characteristics, electrolyte properties an dcatalyst catalytic performance on dendrite suppression. The theory of dendrites suppression can be revealed and the effective method of dendrites suppression of metal anode for metal-air battery can be obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Media art and literature has formed a new set of rules for textual production and symbolic control out of the logic of communication. With an inherent structure of significance and dimension of temporality, media art and literature not only provide a new form of development for art, but also offer more possibilities for artistic imagination to engage in social life. According to the process of communication, the communication of literature and art via media involves three domains: "media" at the level of production, "story" at the level of content, and "senses" at the level of aesthetics. Due to the interconnection and interaction between these three domains, the inherent "communicative attributes" of media art and literature intensify the tension between literary and artistic autonomy and heteronomy. The artistic identification of media art and literature and their anxiety need to be self-consistent in the reconstruction of artistic knowledge, discursive negotiations, and games. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The experiment optimized the extraction process of flavonoids from the branches and leaves of Tamarix ramosissima and determined the oxidation activity. On the basis of single factor and orthogonal test, the optimum technological parameters of ultrasonic extraction of flavonoids were determined, and the total reducibility and DPPH· and OH· scavenging ability of flavonoids were determined. The results showed that under the conditions of ultrasonic power of 100 W, 60% ethanol, 40 °C, ultrasonic for 40 min and three cycles, the average yield of total flavonoids in wild Tamarix ramosissima was 38.727 mg/g, which has a good scavenging ability for DPPH· and OH·. The experiment indicates the optimized process has higher yield of total flavonoids, and the flavonoid has better anti-oxidant ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lossless data compression systems are prone to transmission errors, and the effect of bit errors presents a spreading trend as the decoding progresses, which limits its applicability in the areas such as noisy wireless channels and file systems that may be damaged. Lossless data compression algorithm LZW can be widely used in file formats such as GIF, PDF, and TIFF. In this paper, the redundancy of the LZW compressed data was used to propose a design scheme of the error repair algorithm, and present the relevant theoretical basis. This scheme was arranged to be compatible with the standard LZW algorithm, meaning that the files compressed by the proposed scheme could still be decompressed by the standard LZW decoder. Experimental results verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on a type of stamping welding hydraulic torque converter, a blade thickness full factor test was designed. Firstly, the main effects and the interaction effects of torque converter external characteristics were analyzed, combining with numerical simulation of flow field. The results show that, the main effects make the capableness of the torque converter descend along with the blade thickness increasing and the interaction effects of blade thickness are not obvious. And then, the numerical variation effects of blade thickness on performance were analyzed. The results show that, the increased thickness of the vane can induce a decline of the torque transmitted by the torque converter and this decline is from slow to fast. Finally, the blade thickness was optimized based on the study results. Combined with the actual thickness of the engineering board, the blade thickness was determined and a verification test was carried out. Similar to the variation of pump rotation moment with blade thickness, turbine torque decreases with the increase of blade thickness, especially in the low speed ratio region of torque converter. When the blade thickness is within 3 mm, for each increase of 0. 5 mm thickness, the turbine torque value decreases by 0.5%, and when the blade thickness exceeds 3 mm, the turbine torque changes faster, and for each additional 0. 5 mm, the maximum change of the pump rotation moment is about 3. 8%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of urban entomology in China began in the mid-1980s and great progress has since been made in this field. Urban ecosystems differ from natural or agricultural ecosystems because urbanization has a significant impact on the biology of urban insects. Urban pests have their own characteristics, and the concepts and methods of integrated pest management therefore need to be modified to suit urban environments. Urban pests mainly include health pests, storage product pests and garden pests. Research on urban pests has increasingly become of interest to entomologists. In this review, we mainly focus on the ecological traits of urban insects, the characteristics of the urban pest community, the status of genome sequencing, molecular mechanisms of resistance and integrated pest management in urban ecosystems. We also describe the internal causes of urban pest outbreaks and the principles for formulating integrated pest control strategies. Meanwhile, future research directions and prospects for new control methods for urban pests are discussed to provide a basis for developing new control strategies for these pests in China. Finally, we also discuss several control strategies based on molecular, or insect incompatibility, technology that could be promising additions to future urban IPM programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clubroot is one of the most serious disease in oilseed rape. To explore the resistant molecular mechanism of the interaction between Plasmodiophora brassicae and Brassica napus during early infection, gene differential expression analysis of the clubroot - resistant rapeseed line ZHE - 226 ( R) and clubroot - susceptible line 10159 ( S) were performed by RNA - seq. A total of 809 and 1082 genes were commonly up - and down - regulated at 0, 12, 48, 72h post - inoculation (hpi) time points in R line. Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), chiti-nase, R gene,WRKY transcription factor, salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid(JA) were involved in the early response to clubroot infection in lines of R and S, but showed different expression patterns. Compared to S line, most of the PRRs genes were down - regulated, R genes were up - regulated and SA genes were down - regulated in earlier stage but up -regulated at 72hpi in R line. Chitinase,WRKY and JA related genes were both induced in R and S lines. These results showed that PTI -mediated by PRRs was significantly induced in S line, but played a small role in R line. ETI - mediated by R gene and resistance signal pathway - mediated by SA played great role in clubroot resistance. This research provided a better understanding of the resistance genes of B. napus in response to P. brassicae, and assistance for clubroot - resistant breeding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To improve seed setting rate and get more seeds in siliques of rapeseed, abortion of ovules and seeds were investigated in 36 DH (double hyploid ) materials under 4 pollinating treatments (open pollination, forced selfing, hybridizing and assisted artificial pollination) . The initial number of ovules, normal mature seeds and abortion seeds were investigated to better understand the abortion period and causes. Statistic results showed that the initial ovule numbers of different materials had highly significantly variation, ranging from 23.05 to 36.15 with an average of 29.48. After maturing, the seeds number in single silique was 8.82 - 26.38, with an average of 16.80. The correlation coefficient between the number of ovules and the number of seeds per siliques was 0.77. Average, 56.19% of the initial ovules could develop into mature seeds and nearly 44% ovules aborted during the seed development. The abortion rate was found to be related to genotype as well. The abortion could be divided into 3 types. They were divided by ovules diameter as : a (less than 0.1 mm), b (between 0.1 - 1.0 mm) and c (embryo abortion). They occurred in all 36 materials under 4 treatments. Type a and b were the main types of ovule (or seed) abortion, with average occurrences of 19. 34% and 7.91% respectively. Type c occurred only 1.54%, which might be related to the ceasing of embryonic developmental. These results indicated that the ovules number was related to genotype, and the abortion occurrence and types were also related to genotype. The cause of abortion might be in stigma development, stigma and pollen recognition, and/or in fertilization and initial embryo development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to improve the transient response performance in liquid filling rate control of hydrodynamic retarders, a dynamic model of proportional solenoid valve was established and verified with experiment data. Optimal Euler hypercube DOE method was used to analyze the sensitivity of typical parameters to determine the influence of the valve's parameters on output pressure characteristics. The results show that the diameter of the spool is most influential to the pressure overshoot of the proportional solenoid valve, and the cross term of equivalent mass and preload come next. The analysis results provide a certain guiding for the proportional solenoid valve's output characteristic experiment verification and the precision control of the parts in the machining process. Multi-objective genetic algorithm is used to optimize the parameters and obtain corresponding Pareto optimal solution. Compared with initial design point, optimized design point can make the pressure overshoot decreased sharply with a maximum drop of 72% when the response time of proportional solenoid valve remains constant. It can effectively improve the transient pressure control characteristics of the proportional solenoid valve for hydrodynamic retarder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The balance holes pattern perforated in the turbine hub can effectively reduce the thrust load of the torque converter and increase its service life. In order to study the influence of balance holes with different design parameters on the thrust force, different parameter models for calculating the thrust force of the torque converter under different balance hole distribution radius, hole number and hole diameter were established. Based on DOE orthogonal test algorithm and single factor test analysis, the influence of various balance hole on the thrust force of the torque converter was studied. The results show that the thrust load of pump and turbine drops with larger distribution radius. The change of the hole number and the hole diameter has no significant effect on the thrust force. Among these three factors, the hole distribution radius has the greatest influence on the thrust force, followed by the hole number and finally the hole diameter. The optimal pattern in the case studied is 5% to 8% better than the original one. Therefore, on the premise of no affecting performance requirements and structural strength, the radius of the balance hole distribution should be enlarged as much as possible. According to the operating condition requirements of the torque converter, the number and the diameter of balance hole should be set reasonably to protect the bearing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using discarded tobacco leaves as raw materials, through aroma-bacterial screening and aroma components extracting, tobacco endogenous derived flavor was prepared and comparison was made on chemical components and sensory with tobacco leaf extract. Result indicated that: 1) 11 pure aroma-bacteria and 2 pure aroma-yeast were screened from 65 aroma-bacteria and 17 aroma-yeast. An Aureobasidium pullulans OF-01 was gotten by the style character evaluation eventually, and used for tobacco leaf flavor preparation; 2) A tobacco derived flavor was prepared by OF-01 strains through fermenting extracting, and concentrating. By comparison of the tobacco water extract, acids (586.18%), phenols (235.04%), and the alcoholes aldehydes (308.12%) in tobacco derived flavor promote greatly, and the quantities of scholar ketone, 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, and benzaldehyde incense increased over 1000%; 3) The tobacco derived flavor could increase armor, smooth smoke, reduce irritation, hide offensive and improve the effects of cigarette smoking. It had better compatibility with Yunnan cigarette, and could be used as flavor in cigarette production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To evaluate the clinical features, laboratory findings, diagnosis and treatment, and prognosis of children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) accompanied by pulmonary hypertension (PH). Methods The clinical symptoms, laboratory findings, echocardiography features, SLE disease activity index, and treatment outcome of 15 hospitalized children with SLE accompanied by PH were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among the 15 patients, the median interval from diagnosis of SLE to diagnosis of PH was 0.1 year (range: 0-6.5 years). Aside from PH-related symptoms, Raynaud's phenomenon was observed in 6 (40%) of the 15 patients. There was no significant difference in SLE disease activity (evaluated by complements 3 and 4 levels, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and positive rate of anti-double-stranded DNA) between patients with mild-to-moderate PH and those with severe PH (P<0.05). As for treatment, 13 patients received immunosuppressive therapy with glucocorticoids, and among them 2 patients received PH-targeted therapy. During a median follow-up of 8.0 years (range: 0.5-18.1 years) since the diagnosis of PH, 2 deaths were noted with class III or IV cardiac function (World Health Organization), while the other patients were in a stable condition. Conclusions Raynaud's phenomenon is a common clinical manifestation in children with SLE accompanied by pulmonary hypertension (PH). PH severity is not significantly associated with SLE disease activity, and thus greater focus should be placed upon early screening of pulmonary arterial pressure in SLE patients. Early diagnosis and early treatment can improve the prognosis of children with SLE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To investigate the effect of allergic rhinitis (AR) and its intervention on disease condition and medications in patients with juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE). Methods The clinical data of 96 children diagnosed with JSLE were collected, and according to the presence or absence of AR or other allergic diseases, they were divided into AR group (n=44), non-AR group (n=20), and non-allergic group (n=32). The children in the AR group were randomly administered with or without intervention (n=22 each). All the children were given standard JSLE treatment. The systemic lupus erythematosus disease active index (SLEDAI) and application of hormones and immunosuppressants were compared between groups. Results The AR and non-AR groups had significantly higher SLEDAI scores, daily cumulative doses of glucocorticoids, and number of types of immunosuppressants used than the non-allergic group before treatment (P<0.05), while there were no significant differences between the AR and non- AR groups (P>0.05). After one month of treatment, the AR group with intervention had significantly lower SLEDAI scores and daily cumulative doses of glucocorticoids than the AR group without intervention (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference in the application of immunosuppressants between these two groups (P>0.05). After 3 and 6 months of treatment, the AR group with intervention had significantly lower SLEDAI scores, daily cumulative doses of glucocorticoids, and number of types of immunosuppressants than the AR group without intervention (P<0.05). Conclusions JSLE combined with allergic diseases such as AR has an adverse effect on disease condition and treatment, and the intervention for AR helps with the control of JSLE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effects of water-potassium interaction on stalk structure and function of high-yield summer maize were studied in the waterproof cultivation pools with Zhengdan 958 (ZD958) as the experimental material. The results showed that the quantity of bleeding sap in stalk was significantly improved by irrigation. Potassium (K) application could reduce the influence of drought stress on the quantity of bleeding sap in stalk to a certain extent. The quantity of bleeding sap in stalks during different growth periods were significantly improved in the treatment of 2250 m3·hm-2 irrigation amount with K application. The stalk rind penetration strength and stem diameter were significantly improved by water-potassium interactions. Under the irrigation amount of 2250 m3·hm-2, the stalk rind penetration strength and stem diameter with K application were respectively increased by 46.0% and 36.4% compared with no K application. Under K application, the stalk rind penetration strength and stem diameter in the irrigation amount 2250 m3·hm-2 were respectively increased by 30.7% and 8.6% compared with 450 m3·hm-2. The number, area of vascular bundle and the thickness of thick-walled cell, cortex and rind, were significantly improved by the irrigation amount 2250 m3·hm-2 with K application. In conclusion, application of 180 kg K2O·hm-2 and increasing the irrigation amount properly could increase the lodging resistance and yield of summer maize in this field experiment condition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]