Search

BACKGROUND: The exosomes are one of important active components of adult stem cells paracrine, providing the basis for stem cell “non-cellular” treatment. Exosomes from stem cells can play different roles in the wound through different mechanisms to promote the healing of diabetic wounds. OBJECTIVE: To summarize the main mechanism and application of stem cell derived exosomes in the treatment of diabetic wounds. METHODS: Computers were used to retrieve English databases such as PubMed database, Web of Science database, FMRS foreign language medical information resource retrieval platform, and Chinese databases such as CNKI and Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform. The retrieval scope was from the inception of the database to September 2020. The English and Chinese search terms were “stem cells, exosomes, wound healing, cell proliferation, neovascularization, inflammation, extracellular matrix, therapeutic use”. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 66 articles were included and the results were analyzed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) It is summarized that stem cell-derived exosomes can promote diabetic wound healing by regulating inflammation, promoting neovascularization, re-epithelialization and remodeling of extracellular matrix. (2) The application of stem cell-derived exosomes in diabetic wounds was listed. (3) The exosomes from stem cells can avoid the immune response of stem cells in the treatment of diabetic wounds, and the genetic material of stem cells carried by them is more widely regulated and more effective than that from ordinary cells in the treatment of diabetic wounds. (4) At present, the application of stem cell derived exosomes in diabetes wounds still has some problems, such as low purity, high cost of separation, low production efficiency, and the way to reach the target area, loss rate and diffusion efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Keloid is a benign skin tumor with excessive proliferation of fibroblasts and deposition of collagen after trauma. Vascular occlusion, inflammation, fibroblast proliferation and collagen secretion in keloid tissues all lead to tissue hypoxia, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis and prognosis of keloids. OBJECTIVE: To review the research progress of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in the tumor-like characteristics of keloid. METHODS: CNKI, VIP, WanFang, PubMed, Biosos Preview, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant articles from their inception to November 2020. The retrieval key words were “keloids, HIF-lα; radioresistance” in Chinese and English, respectively. After reading the title, abstract and full text, 104 articles that met the selection criteria were finally selected. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The hypoxic microenvironment inhibits the degradation of HIF-1α, and increased HIF-1α induces several biological behaviors in keloid tissue similar to malignant tumors, including epithelial-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, glycolysis, radioresistance, and recurrence after radiation. These pathophysiological processes in turn exacerbate tissue hypoxia and increase HIF-1αexponentially, thereby forming a vicious circle. Current treatments for keloids mainly focus on surgical resection combined with radiotherapy. HIF-1α targeting therapies, such as hyperbaric oxygen therapy, can significantly improve the hypoxic environment of keloid tissue, promote wound healing, and reverse the tumor-like properties of keloid fibroblasts. However, there are few studies on the treatment of keloids with hyperbaric oxygen therapy combined with radiotherapy, and the clinical treatment of keloids with HIF-1α as the target is still under exploration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]