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Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication of pregnancy, and its incidence rate is increasing worldwide. At present, there are still some limitations in the diagnosis and treatment of GDM. It is difficult to find and adjust the unhealthy lifestyle before or in the early pregnancy period to avoid the occurrence and development of GDM. Endogenous polypeptides is a class of life regulating substances that exist in organisms. They have the advantages of low molecular weight, high activity and easy to synthesize and modificate. As a good molecular basis for drugs, they are becoming a research hotspot in recent years. More and more studies have shown that endogenous peptides plays an important role in the prediction, diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and their research in GDM has attracted more and more attention. This paper aims to review the research progress of GDM related peptides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]