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Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood, and its pathogenesis is not yet clear. In recent years, the imbalance of intestinal flora has attracted more and more attention to the occurrence and development of childhood asthma. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that the lung and the large intestine are interrelated, and the occurrence of childhood asthma is closely related to the dysfunction of the lung and the large intestine, while Western medicine believes that the occurrence of childhood asthma is related to various factors. Among them, pulmonary immune imbalance caused by intestinal flora disorder is one of the important causes of its occurrence. This paper discussed the occurrence of childhood asthma by focusing on pulmonary and intestinal pathophysiology, so as to provide new targets or therapeutic ideas for the prevention and treatment of childhood asthma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pericardial effusion is a potentially life-threatening complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in children. The incidence of pericardial effusion in children was 4.4% to 37.8%.The occurrence of pericardial effusion is related to many risk factors such as transplant-related thrombomicroangiopathy, pretreatment drugs, graft-versus-host disease, graft type, immunosuppressant, infection and so on. The treatment of pericardial effusion lacks a unified protocol, mainly focus onsupportive treatment, etiologic treatment and pericardial puncture. his paper reviewed the risk factors and treatment of pericardial effusion after HSCT in recent years, and provided suggestions for improving the early identification, diagnosis and treatment of pericardial effusion after HSCT in children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the development of medical level and the increase of child survival rate, chronic diseases show an increasing trend year by year. Due to the immature stage of children′s mental development and cognitive ability, it not only brings great challenges to pediatric treatment and nursing work, but also causes short-term or long-term effects on children′s psychological and social status if there is no timely intervention. This review summarized the definition and principles of therapeutic play, and summarized the classification of therapeutic play, including distracting games, medical program preparation games, rehabilitation or sports training games, health education games and emotional expression games. This paper discussed the application of therapeutic play in cognitive, emotional and interpersonal fields at home and abroad, in order to provide a reference basis for the application of therapeutic play in the practice of chronic diseases in pediatrics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of short stature in children has received increasing attention in recent years, and the factors affecting growth and development in children are complex. The gut microbiota is closely related to the human neuroendocrine system, immune metabolism, growth and development. Previous studies have shown that gut microbiota and their metabolites can regulate host growth. In this paper, the mechanism and prospects of the effects of gut microbiota and their main metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, on growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 axis, thyroid gland and sex hormones were reviewed from the endocrine point of view, in order to provide new ideas for improving short stature in children in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]