Search

In clinical practice， the application of surface disinfectants for skin disinfection is a prerequisite for venipuncture. Chlorhexidine， a widely recognized disinfectant， is frequently employed for this purpose. However， during intravenous infusions， minute quantities of chlorhexidine can be inadvertently introduced into the bloodstream via the puncture needle， potentially precipitating immediate-type （type ） hypersensitivity reactions. Regrettably， these reactions are often erroneously attributed to administered medications， such as antibiotics， which can result in both misdiagnosis and underdiagnosis. This article details a case of an allergic reaction that occurred subsequent to multiple intravenous infusions and was ultimately identified as chlorhexidine-induced after antibiotic allergy was ruled out. The objective of this report is to deepen the clinical physcians’ comprehension of chlorhexidine-induced allergies in the context of infusion-related allergic reactions， thereby offering a valuable reference for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment strategies.

The coupling factors of geological hazards such as rainfall are sufficient conditions for the occurrence of geological hazards. In this study, the distribution characteristics of Wuhan's geological disasters and their relationship with heavy rainfall by cluster analysis were investigated using multiple regression and other methods, based on Wuhan's geological disaster data, rainfall live grid data, and geological environment foundation during 2016-2022. Meanwhile, multi-source data fusion, machine learning, and other methods were employed to dynamically assess the vulnerability of geological disasters. The results are as follows. About 76.49% of geological disasters in Wuhan are induced by rainfall. The impact period of heavy rainfall on geological disasters in Wuhan is 13 days, and the possibility of geological disasters during the impact period is as high as 87.69%. A meteorological risk prediction model for geological disasters in Wuhan based on effective rainfall was established. This model can achieve a dynamic assessment of geological disaster-prone zoning by introducing the latest geological disaster occurrence, geological environment, and rainfall information. The 24-hour average accuracy rate can reach 79.51%. In the application of geological disaster prediction in 2022, the recognition rate reaches 90%, which shows good geological disaster prediction capabilities.

Moringa oleifera is a perennial medicinal and edible plant, and polyphenols as one of its main active ingredients. This study reviews the current status of development of the polyphenol types and contents of different parts, polyphenol extraction methods, polyphenol efficacy, and polyphenol applications of Moringa oleifera. Additionally, the current research on the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, anticancer, and hypoglycemic properties of polyphenols from Moringa oleifera is critically examined. The aim of this review is to provide a theoretical basis as well as new insights into the future research and applications of Moringa oleifera polyphenols.

In response to the compliant tracking of surgical intent and adherence to safety range constraints in semi-active knee arthroplasty robots, a model predictive impedance control (MPIC) algorithm is proposed. First, to enhance this algorithm’s operational efficiency, the Stirling interpolation method is employed to linearize the dynamics model of the robotic arm as the predictive model. This method offers computational simplicity and high-precision solving accuracy. Second, based on the impedance model, the force-compliant control mechanism is used to identify the surgeon’s force intention, thereby generating the desired motion trajectory for the robotic arm. To facilitate programming implementation, the impedance model is discretized. Third, leveraging the rolling optimization and feedback correction properties of model predictive control, a virtual state enhancement is designed to improve the explicit constraint handling capability of the MPIC algorithm. This enhancement addresses the infeasibility issues encountered by traditional model predictive control near state constraint boundaries in practical applications. Transforming the model predictive problem into a quadratic programming problem reduces the difficulty of solving the model predictive problem and increases problem-solving speed. Finally, MPIC is integrated as the lower-level position-tracking controller for the robotic arm, with the impedance model serving as the upper-level task planning controller, thus forming the MPIC controller. Comparative experiments with three-loop PID (Proportional integral derivative) control are conducted on the ROKAE seven-axis collaborative robot experimental platform, confirming that the MPIC algorithm achieves better trajectory tracking accuracy and response speed, effectively realizing the desired impedance dynamics and yielding superior compliance. Additionally, further validation is conducted by installing a six-axis force sensor between the end-effector and the wrist of the robotic arm to measure human–robot interaction forces, confirming that the MPIC algorithm exhibits better compliance than traditional position-tracking control methods. Drag experiments are designed to verify the active constraint effect of MPIC on mechanically coupled robotic arms with complex system parameter structures, demonstrating that the control algorithm can actively constrain the motion of the robotic arm when it is manually manipulated to exceed the set state constraint range. Overall, the MPIC algorithm achieves better compliance and meets the safety requirements for knee arthroplasty surgery compared to traditional three-loop PID control methods. This advancement holds promise for further development and adoption of semi-active surgical robots, reducing the complexity of using surgical robots as surgeons and accelerating the widespread adoption of domestically produced surgical robots in hospitals. This paper should promote the practical application of semi-active surgical robots.

Lithium element enrichment is widely observed in the coal-bearing series of the Late Permian Heshan Formation in Shanglin, Guangxi, which has potential economic value and research significance. In this study, a multi-proxy study was conducted for evaluating major elements, trace elements, zircon U–Pb dating, and zircon trace elements from the lithium mineralization layers to characterize the spatial distribution, elemental geochemical characteristics, and provenance of lithium mineralization layers of the Late Permian Heshan Formation coal-bearing series in the Wanfu mining area, Shanglin, Guangxi. Thirty four samples were selected from lithium mineralization layers in order to determine major elements and trace elements. Moreover, the zircon U–Pb dating and zircon trace elements of one sample was investigated. The study reveals that four sets of lithium mineralization layers, namely I, II, III, and IV, are developed from bottom to top in the Heshan Formation coal-bearing series from the Wanfu mining area, Shanglin, Guangxi. According to the order of lithium content from high to low, it is divided into lithium mineralization layers I, III, II and IV. Compared with average values for world claystone, the lithium mineralization layer I are highly enriched in Li, the II and III is enriched in Li, and the IV is slightly enriched in Li. The analysis of Al2O3–TiO2, La/Sc-Th/Co and V–Ni–Th×10 diagrams indicate that most of the samples of lithium mineralization layer I, III and IV fall close to the acidic volcanic rocks field, while a few samples of lithium mineralization layer I fall near the intermediate volcanic rocks field. Therefore, it is inferred that the lithium mineralization layers of the Heshan Formation in Shanglin, Guangxi are dominated by sediments derived from the acidic and intermediate volcanic rocks. The Zircon U–Pb dating, Th/Nb-Hf/Th and Th/U–Nb/Hf tectonic setting discrimination diagrams of zircon trace elements, rare earth elements analysis, and Al2O3–TiO2, La/Sc−Th/Co, V–Ni–Th×10 and Nb/Y–Zr/TiO2 source rock discrimination diagrams indicate that the lithium mineralization layers of the Heshan Formation coal-bearing series in the Wanfu mining area mainly come from acidic and intermediate volcanic rocks related to the Emeishan Igneous Province and the Paleo-Tethys Permian magmatic arc.

[Introduction] The rapid development of new energy vehicles (NEVs) brings higher requirements for the power demand of highways. Based on the analysis of the power loads of highways, the photovoltaic endowment, and the energy storage technologies suitable for highway service areas in China, this paper explores the self-consistency of the highway transportation and energy integration mode of the PV-Storage-Charging integrated development path, and combines practical engineering project to demonstrate and analyze the feasibility of the highway transportation and energy integration mode. [Method] By analyzing the total mileage of highways in China, the market penetration rate of NEVs, and the PV & energy storage resources of highway transportation, based on the potential increase in highway power load due to the growth of NEVs and the utilization space of photovoltaic resources in highway transportation, a comprehensive energy utilization mode of PV-Storage-Charging for highway service areas was proposed. Combined with existing projects of self-consistent modes of transportation and energy integration, suggestions were proposed for the integrated development mode of highway PV-Storage-Charging. [Result] Data indicates that by 2025, the national stock of NEVs will exceed 25 million, consuming 37.5 TWh of electricity, showing tremendous potential for electricity demand. At the same time, the abundant photovoltaic resources along and around roads in China have a photovoltaic generation potential of approximately 1022.8 TW, while the calculated annual energy consumption of highway infrastructure is approximately 17.99 TW. [Conclusion] The main path of integration between transportation and energy should start with developing wind and photovoltaic natural resource endowments based on the infrastructure of road transportation itself, and forming a self-consistent supply of transportation energy systems, thereby constructing a distributed, green, renewable, and net zero-emission energy supply system for transportation systems. The integrated development path of PV-Storage-Charging transportation and energy integration can consume renewable energy locally, alleviate grid pressure while promoting the clean energy utilization of highways, showing immense potential. This paper can provide theoretical support and reference for the development of highway transportation and energy integration in China.

Recruiting future librarian from diverse backgrounds continues to be a challenging task. Although thirty percent of the U.S. population is from cultural/ethnic populations, including African Americans, Asian Americans and Pacific Islanders, Hispanic Americans, and American Indian/Alaska Natives, only eleven percent of the librarian workforce is represented by workers from diverse backgrounds, a percentage that is expected to decrease with upcoming retirements. In this context, this paper reviews relevant literature on recruiting students from cultural/ethnic backgrounds, identifies the barriers in recruitment, and offers several model projects in the United States that recruit the students with diverse backgrounds into LIS programs. These projects were awarded funding from the U.S. Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) Laura Bush 21st Century Librarian Program. 招募多元文化背景的圖書館員是一項艱巨的任務。雖然美國人口有百分之三十屬於不同文化、種族，包括非裔、亞裔／太平洋島裔、西班牙裔，以及美國印第安人／阿拉斯加原住民等，然而來自上述具有這些多元文化背景的圖書館員，僅占所有館員人數的百分之十一。估計該比率將隨著即將到來的美國圖書館員屆齡退休潮而更為降低。有鑒於此，本文首先回顧招募多元文化與種族背景的學生進入圖書資訊學研究所就學之相關文獻，提出招募不同文化與種族背景的學生時所遭遇之挑戰。本文並介紹由美國聯邦政府所屬的「博物館與圖書館服務研究院」（Institute of Museum and Library Services）「蘿拉布希21世紀圖書館員研究計畫」所贊助的數項示範招募計畫。 頁次：73-80

Background Given the increasing prevalence of the high incidence of bone and joint diseases in the elderly population, and significantly associated with higher mortality, more disability, decline in functional status and lower quality of life, this creates a large disease burden. There is currently no research on the prevalence and influencing factors of this disease in Henan Province. Objective To provide scientific basis for understanding the epidemic characteristics and influencing factors of bone and joint diseases in the elderly population in Henan Province and implementing precise prevention and control. Methods The multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to obtain the demographic characteristics, past disease history, physical activity and physical indicators of permanent residents aged≥18 years old in Henan Province in 2018 through questionnaires, medical physical examination, laboratory testing and other methods. 1 055 people aged ≥60 years old were included in this study. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the characteristics and influencing factors of bone and joint diseases in the elderly population with different characteristics in Henan Province. Results The incidence rate of bone and joint diseases among the elderly population in Henan Province in 2018 was 28.13% (95%CI=28.10%-28.15%). Among them, women, urban areas, those with overweight or obesity, central obesity, dyslipidemia or hyperlipidemia, snoring history, moderate intensity activity, and non-smoking history have higher incidence rates, and the differences are statistically significant (P

Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a rare, highly aggressive, and lethal tumor with poor prognosis. Its survival period ranges from four months to one year, and the 5-year survival rate is only about 10%. MPM is highly resistant to chemotherapy, and conventional treatments such as cisplatin combined with pemetrexed or raltitrexed only have a certain effect in about 20% of patients. In recent years, with the continuous in-depth understanding of the genetic variation characteristics of MPM, some progress has been made in the molecular mechanism underlying the chemotherapy resistance of MPM. This article will summarize the research progress of the molecular mechanism underlying the chemotherapy resistance of MPM, including BAP1 gene mutation, microRNA, MTA1-mediated DNA damage repair pathway, GITR-GITRL pathway, TGFa pathway, tumor stem cell, EGFR, and PTEN. The aim of this work is to provide a reference for exploring new therapeutic targets and combined treatment options for MPM.

Objective To investigate the changes of angiotensin-converting enzyme （ACE） and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 （ACE2） levels in children with severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia （SMPP） and evaluates their clinical values in predicting the severity of SMPP. Methods A total of 71 children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia （MPP group） and 63 with severe Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia （SMPP group） admitted to the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University from October 2020 to December 2023 were recruited in this study. Additionally， 20 healthy children undergoing routine health check-ups during this period were selected as the control group. The serum concentrations of ACE and ACE2 in the three groups were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）， and laboratory test results were collected for comparison and correlation analysis between the MPP and SMPP groups. The receiver operating characteristic （ROC） curve was delineated to assess the predictive values of one single index or combined for SMPP. Results In the three groups， the serum ACE level was the highest in the SMPP group and the lowest in the healthy control group. The serum ACE2 level was the highest in the MPP group and the lowest in the healthy control group （all P < 0.008）. Compared to the MPP group， the SMPP group exhibited significantly elevated white blood cell count （WBC）， neutrophil percentage （NE%）， C-reactive protein （CRP）， serum amyloid A protein （SAA）， procalcitonin （PCT）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， erythrocyte sedimentation rate （ESR）， and D-dimer （all P < 0.001） and these indexes were positively correlated with ACE levels （all P < 0.05）， but negatively correlated with ACE2 levels （all P < 0.05）. The lymphocyte percentage （LY%） was significantly reduced （P < 0.001）， which was positively correlated with ACE2 levels （P < 0.05）， whereas negatively correlated with ACE levels （P < 0.05）. Lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） was elevated （P < 0.05）， which was negatively correlated with ACE2 levels （P < 0.05）， but not correlated with ACE levels （P > 0.05）. The monocyte percentage （MO%） showed neither significant difference nor correlation （both P > 0.05）. ROC curve analysis revealed that ACE， ACE2， CRP， D-dimer， LDH， and combined detection of ACE+ACE2， CRP+D-dimer+LDH all had predictive values for SMPP. Among them， the combined detection of ACE+ACE2 showed the highest predictive value， with an AUC of 0.991 and 95% CI： 0.981-1.000. Conclusion The levels of ACE and ACE2 are likely associated with the onset and progression of SMPP in children， and both ACE and ACE2 serve as good indicators for predicting SMPP.

The Cr coating deposited by PVD method is difficult to apply on a large scale due to its poor corrosion resistance.The use of composite multilayer coating structure design can interrupt the growth of penetrating columnar crystals, reduce porosity and improve the corrosion resistance of PVD deposited Cr coatings.In this work,Cr/CrCN multilayer coatings were deposited on the surface of 316L stainless steel substrate by high-power pulsed magnetron sputtering (HiPIMS) coupled with synchronous pulse bias technology.The morphology, composition and microstructure of the coating were characterized using SEM,XRD,EDS and Raman.The corrosion resistance of Cr/CrCN multilayer coatings prepared under four different methane flow rates (5, 15, 25, 35 sccm) was studied by electrochemical and acid salt spray tests.Results showed that the introduction of CrCN intermediate layer effectively interrupted the penetrating growth of columnar crystals, and the coating exhibited a dense and flat surface morphology.All four Cr/CrCN multilayer coatings had a good protective effect on the substrate, and the corrosion current density of the coating modified samples decreased compared to the substrate.After 48 h of acidic salt spray corrosion, the surface of the multi-layer coating prepared with a methane flow rate of 25 sccm did not show obvious pitting corrosion,demonstrating the best corrosion resistance performance.In general, the Cr/CrCN multilayer coatings prepared by HiPIMS could effectively improve the corrosion resistance of 316L stainless steel, which provided reference for the optimization design and industrial application of corrosion resistance of PVD Cr plated coatings.

Objective To understand the clinical characteristics and microecological status of lower genital tract in females with genital herpes in gynecological clinic in order to standardize the treatment of genital herpes. Methods A total of 27 women diagnosed with genital herpes were enrolled from the gynecological clinic of Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. The clinical data and vaginal microecology of participants were analyzed. Results All patients presented with various degree of external genital itching, pain, burning pain, sting pain, etc. Gynecological examination showed typical external genital herpes and/or irregular small ulcers. One case presented with cervical herpes-like changes. Abnormal vaginal microecology was observed in 88.89% of the patients (24/27), including 8 cases of decreased function of flora, 2 cases of bacterial vaginosis, 6 cases of vulvovaginal candidiasis, 7 cases of abnormal flora, and 1 case of mixed infections. The pH of vaginal secretions was higher, evidenced by 22 cases (22/27, 81.48%) with pH >4.5. Conclusions The clinical manifestations of female genital herpes vary and are often accompanied by vaginal dysbiosis. In clinic, it is recommended to conduct vaginal microbiota examination and personalize targeted treatment for all women with suspected genital herpes.

Objective To explore the roles of serum tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 3（TIMP3） and sex determining region Y box protein 2（SOX2） in an early diagnosis of renal injury in type 2 diabetes mellitus（T2DM）. Methods From April 2022 to April 2023， 102 T2DM patients visiting General Hospital of North China Petroleum Administration Bureau were recruited as research subjects. Based upon 24 h serum urinary protein excretion rate（UAER）， they were assigned into two groups of renal injury（n = 40） and renal non-injury（n = 62）. Another 50 patients undergoing health examinations at General Hospital of North China Petroleum Administration Bureau were regarded as control group. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA） was utilized for measuring the serum levels of TIMP3 and SOX2. General profiles， serum levels of TIMP3， SOX2， glycosylated hemoglobin（HbA1c）， UAER， serum creatinine（Scr） and glomerular filtration rate（eGFR） of three groups were compared. Pearson’s correlation was utilized for examining the relationship between serum TIMP3/SOX2 and HbA1c， UAER， Scr and eGFR. Receiver operating characteristic curve（ROC） was applied for examining the diagnostic value of serum TIMP3/SOX2 for renal injury in T2DM patients. Results The serum levels of TIMP3 [（0.68 ± 0.17）μg/L vs （1.35 ± 0.35）μg/L] and eGFR [（105.99 ± 20.56）mL·min−1·（1.73 m2）−1 vs （133.15 ± 26.18）mL·min−1·（1.73 m2）−1] were obviously lower in T2DM patients than those in control group（P＜0.05）. Serum levels of TIMP3 [（0.47 ± 0.11）μg/L vs （0.82 ± 0.21）μg/L] and eGFR [（74.69 ± 10.22）mL·min−1·（1.73 m2）−1 vs （126.18 ± 27.23）mL·min−1·（1.73 m2）−1] were obviously lower in patients with renal injury than those without（P＜0.05）. Serum levels of SOX2 [（8.91 ± 1.82）kU/L vs （5.15 ± 1.31）kU/L]， HbA1c[（8.80 ± 1.55）% vs （5.52 ± 0.83）%]， UAER [（70.13 ± 18.06）mg/24 h vs （13.22 ± 3.61）mg/24 h] and Scr [（82.14 ± 15.23）µmol/L vs （53.19 ± 5.62）µmol/L] were obviously higher than those in control group（P＜0.05）. Serum levels of SOX2 [（10.81 ± 2.13）kU/L vs （5.15 ± 1.31）kU/L]， UAER [（156.83 ± 40.29）mg/24 h vs （13.22 ± 3.61）mg/24 h] and Scr [（113.77 ± 13.58）µmol/L vs （53.19 ± 5.62）µmol/L] were obviously higher in patients with renal injury than in patients without（P＜0.05）. Pearson’s correlation analysis revealed that TIMP3 was obviously correlated negatively with HbA1c， UAER and Scr（P＜0.05） and positively with eGFR（P＜0.05）. SOX2 was obviously correlated positively with HbA1c， UAER and Scr（P＜0.05） and negatively with eGFR（P＜0.05）. An obvious negative correlation existed between serum TIMP3 and SOX2（r = −0.590，P＜0.05）. The results of ROC indicated that the sensitivity and specificity of serum TIMP3 plus SOX2 in the diagnosis of renal injury in T2DM patients were 95.0% and 85.3% respectively. Both were obviously higher than those of TIMP3 and SOX2 alone. Conclusions Serum levels of TIMP3 and SOX2 decline markedly and the two are closely correlated with renal injury in T2DM patients. Both may be used for an early diagnosis of renal injury in T2DM patients.

Cytokines are small molecular proteins released by activated immune cells or non-immune cells. Cytokines can play a wide range of biological roles in immune regulation and the incidence and progression of immune diseases by selectively binding with specific signals and activating the downstream immune signal transduction pathway. Encouraging efficacy has been achieved in the application of antibody-based cytokines or cytokine receptor monoclonal antibodies in the treatment of related immune diseases. Nevertheless， the high cost of administration based on monoclonal antibodies makes it unaffordable for patients. Aptamers， also known as chemical antibodies， are oligonucleotide fragments synthesized in vitro and obtained by artificial screening， which can specifically bind to multiple target molecules with high affinity. Compared with antibodies， aptamers have the advantages of low cost， low immunogenicity and convenient modification. Hence， the potential application prospect of functionalized aptamers in targeted therapy of immune diseases has attracted more and more attention from researchers. In this article， chemical modification of specific aptamers related to 8 types of cytokine aptamers （IL-1α， IL-6， IL-17， TNF-α， TGF-β， IFN-γ， MCP-1 and IP-10） which play critical roles in immune regulation was reviewed， the research progress in their application in the treatment for immune and immune-related diseases was summarized， and the potential application of aptamer drugs in precise targeted therapy for specific immune diseases was briefly predicted.

Background and objective Targeted therapies are ineffective in lung squamous cancer (LUSC), and the low response rate of immunotherapy hampers its application in LUSC, so it is urgent to explore new strategies for LUSC treatment. Ferroptosis plays an important role in tumour suppression. The aim of this study was to investigate the role and mechanism of targeting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA synthase 1 (HMGCS1) in regulating ferroptosis in LUSC cells, in order to provide a new research direction for LUSC therapy. Methods The expression of HMGCS1 in LUSC was analysed by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium (CPTAC) online databases; the relationship between HMGCS1 and survival time of lung cancer was analysed by the Kaplan-Meier Plotter online survival database; the expression level of HMGCS1 in LUSC tissues was verified by immunohistochemistry. After interfering with HMGCS1 expression by small interfering RNA (siRNA), cell activity and cell migration ability were detected by CCK8 and Transwell assay; apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry after interfering with HMGCS1 or after treatment with the HMGCS1 inhibitor of hymeglusin; Fe2+, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation levels were detected by flow cytometry and high-content confocal fluorescence imaging systems, respectively in SKMES cells after inhibition of HMGCS1; and Western blot was performed to detect the expression of ACSL4, GPX4 and SLC7A11, which are markers of the ferroptosis pathway after inhibition of HMGCS1. Results HMGCS1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly high in LUSC; siRNA interference with HMGCS1 expression inhibited the proliferative activity and migration ability of LUSC cells, but had no significant effect on apoptosis. Interference with HMGCS1 or treatment with the HMGCS1 inhibitor of hymeglusin significantly promoted intracellular Fe2+, ROS and lipid peroxidation levels in SKMES cells, and induced ferroptosis in LUSC cells; Western blot assay showed that inhibition of HMGCS1 significantly promoted the expression of ACSL4. Conclusion Inhibition of HMGCS1, a target of LUSC, promotes ferroptosis in lung cancer cells and provides a research basis for screening new therapeutic targets for LUSC.

To investigate the composition characteristics of aroma compounds in different grades of Shuangjing green tea, headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC/MS) was used to detect and analyze aroma compounds in four different grades of Shuangjing green tea in Xiushui County. These grades included Shuangjing Yinhao, Shuangjing green tea super grade, Shuangjing green tea first grade, and Shuangjing green tea second grade. The results showed that a total of 70 aroma compounds were identified from four different grades of Shuangjing green tea. These compounds mainly included alcohols, olefins, alkanes, esters, and other compounds. The aroma components and relative contents of Shuangjing green tea varied among different grades. Principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) effectively distinguished between the different grades of Shuangjing green tea. The aroma changes of different grades of Shuangjing green tea were mainly caused by the relative changes in 14 key compounds, such as trans-β-farnesene, geraniol, methyl salicylate, (Z)-jasmone, phenylethyl alcohol, and so on. The key aroma compounds in different grades of Shuangjing green tea exhibited distinct distribution patterns. Accompanied by the development of buds and leaves, the contents of α-copaene, caryophyllene, and hexanoic acid ethyl ester decreased, whereas the contents of cis-3-hexen-1-ol, geraniol, and methyl salicylate showed an increasing trend. The linalool, (Z)-jasmone, and trans-nerolidol contents increased gradually. However, with the full development of the leaves, the contents of linalool, (Z)-jasmone, and trans-nerolidol decreased rapidly. In summary, this study examined the compositional characteristics of aroma compounds and the distribution patterns of key aroma compounds in four grades of Shuangjing green tea. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the future production of Shuangjing green tea.

Objective To investigate additional exclusion criteria for therapeutic apheresis erythrocytes and the possibility of adverse reactions by analyzing the occurrence of rare adverse reactions in two patients who underwent therapeutic erythrocytes apheresis. Methods Erythrocytes were harvested by apheresis from two patients with indications for therapeutic erythrocytes collection for preservation or discarding. Results One case experienced persistent atrial fibrillation and a gout attack after the collection, while another case experienced persistent hypotension during the collection and a subsequent reduction in haemoglobin levels after collection Conclusion To reduce the incidence of adverse reactions, it is essential to have strict exclusion criteria for therapeutic erythrocytes apheresis and to enhance the monitoring of whole collection process in patients with atrial fibrillation and gout.

The research results regarding the threshold values for slope disasters caused by rainfall are crucial for geological disaster prevention. In this study，landslides induced by long-term heavy rainfall occurred in five counties within the Gansu section of the Bailongjiang Basin between 2004 and 2019. Using the frequency method, the rainfall thresholds for early warning of rainfall type landslides with different rock characteristics were investigated. A relationship model between event rainfall and the duration of rainfall leading to landslides was constructed under different probability levels, and a lower threshold for critical cumulative rainfall was provided. Through verification of landslide characteristics and rainfall data resulting from a flash flood disaster in Wudu District in 2020，the accumulated rainfall measured by the rainfall gauge before the landslide is found to be consistent with the threshold given by the model. This finding is of guiding significance for early warning of landslide disasters caused by sustained heavy rainfall.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease characterized by chronic hyperglycemia due to multiple etiological factors. In diabetics, lipid accumulation may cause lipid peroxidation and cell membrane lipid oxidation, leading to cellular injuries and triggering dysfunctions. Lipid accumulation may also lead to kidney injury in diabetics, such as glomerulosclerosis, tubular injury and loss of podocytes. As a water-soluble low molecular glycoprotein, apolipoprotein C3 (APOC3) is an important factor in the regulation of human lipid metabolism. It is closely involved in the development of diabetes mellitus and related complications through insulin resistance, lipid metabolism disorders, inflammation and oxidative stress. This review summarized the role and mechanism of APOC3 in diabetes and diabetic kidney disease.

The formation and evolution mechanisms of coal mine water quality are intricate, significantly influenced by multiple processes such as hydrodynamics, hydrochemistry, and biodegradation. A comprehensive investigation and elucidation of the mechanisms is theoretically crucial for the prevention and remediation of coal mine water pollution. The hydrogeological prototype of a goaf in a coal mine in the Ordos Basin is choosen, and a laboratorial physical model and a coupled hydrodynamic-chemical-biodegradation (HCB) milti-field numerical model for the goaf are established, focusing the water level rises and biogeochemistry processes. The research results demonstrate the significance of multi-field coupling effects on mine water quality. The water level filling up results shows that the matrix-fracture dual-porosity model effectively matches the water level in the goaf with a simulation error of 9.9%, which is much more accurate than the theoretical and the single-porosity model predictions. The simulation results of the hydrochemical field are relatively consistent with the experiments, with relative errors of 3.0%, 21.0%, and 6.2% for \begin{document}${\mathrm{SO}}_4^{2-} $\end{document}, \begin{document}${\mathrm{HCO}}_3^- $\end{document}, and pH, respectively. Results from different time periods indicate that water-rock reactions and microbial activities are not significant during the water storage process. After the goaf is filled up, the hydrodynamics almost stagnate, but the hydrochemical and microbial fields are relatively active. The pyrite oxidation reactions in the No.2 and No.3 coal seams increase the concentration of \begin{document}${\mathrm{SO}}_4^{2-} $\end{document} by about 24.6%. In the later stage, the water environment in the goaf evolves into weakly acidic and anaerobic reducing conditions, and the microbial degradation becomes prominent, reducing the \begin{document}${\mathrm{SO}}_4^{2-} $\end{document} concentration from its peak by 6.1%. A certain “self-purification” ability of mine water in the goaf after closure has been confirmed. By adjusting the microbial metabolic rate constant, the proportion of \begin{document}${\mathrm{SO}}_4^{2-} $\end{document} degradation can be induced up to 61.6%. In actual engineering scenarios, this target can be achieved through some strategies such as supplementing enough dissolved carbon nutrient substance and artificially establishing a closed anaerobic environment. This study expands the multi-field coupling laboratorial experiments and numerical modeling techniques to the formation and evolution of water quality in coal mine water in a goaf, and the constructive conclusions can provide theoretical guidance for the prevention and remediation of coal mine water pollution.

Objective To explore the interaction between microRNA-23 （miR-23） and mitochondrial fission protein 1 （FIS1） in human kidney-2 （HK-2） cells and examine the effect of miR-23 on inflammatory response and oxidative stress by targeting FIS1. Methods HK-2 cells were cultured in vitro and induced by lipopolysaccharide （LPS） for modeling of sepsis. Dual luciferase reporter assay was utilized for verifying the interaction between miR-23 and FIS1. HK-2 cells were randomized into groups of miR-23 mimic/inhibitor and eukaryotic expression vector and small interfering RNA of FIS1 alone or in a combination. Cell proliferation was detected by cell counting kit-8 （CCK-8） assay and apoptosis and reactive oxygen species （ROS） were examined by flow cytometry. Malondialdehyde （MDA） was detected by MDA kit and the levels of tumor necrosis factor t （TNF-α）, interleukin （IL）-1β and IL-6/10 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. ResultsThe miR-23 mRNA in HK-2 cells induced by LPS was (0.60±0.12) folds that of control group(P

Perchlorate (\begin{document}${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $\end{document}) is a new persistent pollutant with small molecular weight, rapid diffusion, and high stability. It is widely found in the environment, especially in the areas where fireworks are produced and set off intensively. Perchlorate impacts the normal function of thyroid gland; its environmental pollution attracted wide attention and has become a research hotspot in the field of environmental science in recent years. Column experiments using river sand from polluted site as the experiment material were conducted to study on the mechanism and influencing factors of the attenuation of perchlorate stimulated by sulfur. The effects of groundwater, iron oxides, and nitrate (\begin{document}${\mathrm{NO}}_3^- $\end{document}) were investigated in this study. The results show that sulfur is able to stimulate \begin{document}${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $\end{document} attenuation, which mainly depends on microbial degradation, and it is limited by the lack of essential inorganic salts and other nutrients for microorganisms. Iron oxides have a buffering effect on the decrease of pH, but have a limited stimulating effect on the \begin{document}${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $\end{document} attenuation in the column. Groundwater significantly enhanced sulfur-stimulated \begin{document}${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $\end{document} attenuation and microbial acid production. The degradation of nitrate (\begin{document}${\mathrm{NO}}_3^- $\end{document}) in groundwater is preferred to that of \begin{document}${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $\end{document}; when \begin{document}${\mathrm{NO}}_3^- $\end{document} concentration is less than about 10 mg/L, \begin{document}${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $\end{document} begins to be reducted significantly. Sulfur has the potential as the PRB reaction medium for in-situ remediation of pollutants such as \begin{document}${\mathrm{ClO}}_4^- $\end{document} and \begin{document}${\mathrm{NO}}_3^- $\end{document}. This study provides a theoretical basis and data support for the practical application of environmental remediation.

In this paper, the main literature related to 4DCT imaging and reconstruction techniques over the past 20 years is reviewed, and the contents are summarized. This paper provides a systematic and comprehensive introduction to 4DCT research from five perspectives: the concept of 4DCT, scanning mode and imaging method, reconstruction algorithm, application, research status, and future development expectations. In this study, five types of reconstruction algorithms are summarized, and the advantages, disadvantages, and research difficulties of each algorithm are briefly evaluated. Finally, we conduct a brief statistical analysis on the cited works from the perspective of reconstruction methods, revealing the research progress and future research trends of 4DCT reconstruction algorithms.

Researching target recognition methods for 3D computed tomography (CT) images is important for improving the reliability and stability of the security inspection quality in advanced security CT scanning equipment. This article systematically reviews the latest research progress and developmental trends in target recognition of CT images for security purposes. Not only representative academic research achievements of recent years in this field are summarized and reviewed, but also relevant industrial patents are included for the first time. For literature classification, in addition to two common taxonomies, a new taxonomy is proposed, and the retrieved representative literature is classified with multiple labels. In summarizing and analyzing the research achievements in this field, three important characteristics were identified, and the origins were analyzed. Finally, some suggestions are put forward for future research directions in this field.

The coastal environment functional zoning in Zhejiang Province plays an important role in the protection of the coastal environment and the adjustment of the coastal resources exploitation and utilization, and has become an important basis for the coastal environment supervision. However, under the optimization of territorial spatial planning and high-quality development of marine economy, it has showed a significant lag. This paper analyzed its main problems through the experience of the coastal environment functional zoning in Zhejiang Province in compiling, adjusting, monitoring and evaluating. On this basis, policy recommendations for the management were put forward, including the important principle of ecological priority and bottom-line constraint, the orderly connection to the Zhejiang Province′s territorial spatial planning, the scientific control measures of different zones, the integration of various marine planning and protection objectives, and the sound management boundaries based on land-sea coordination.

In view of the drawback of traditional deterministic prediction that it cannot provide uncertainty information, this study proposed a prediction model that integrates point estimation and interval estimation, and innovatively applied it to the field of food safety risk pre-warning. In the point estimation, wavelet packet decomposition (WPD) was used to decompose the weekly risk level sequence and the autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model was used for prediction. In the interval estimation, the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic (GARCH) model was used to predict the residual. The WPD-ARIMA-GARCH model established in this study was applied to the safety risk prediction of soy sauce and pot-roast meat products from a certain region. The results showed that the safety risk of soy sauce and pot-roast meat products from this region was relatively high at the end of March and July in 2019, which was consistent with the actual situation. Meanwhile, in the risk prediction of soy sauce and pot-roast meat products from 10 different regions, the mean square error, mean absolute error, and mean absolute percentage error of the model were 1.626, 0.806, and 20.824, respectively, and the prediction interval normalized average and coverage width-based criterion values at the 90% confidence interval were both 0.024, which could cover all true values. Therefore, the model has high prediction accuracy and low error, is useful for risk control for the quality and safety of soy sauce and pot-roast meat products, and provide technical support for daily food safety supervision.

This study aimed to assess the safety and toxicity of peony protein and provide a scientific basis for its application in food industry. The safety evaluation included acute oral toxicity tests in mice, as well as 28 d and 90 d oral toxicity tests in rats. The results demonstrated that no signs of poisoning or mortality were observed in the acute oral toxicity test (intragastric dose of 11700 mg/kg) conducted on mice. Furthermore, in the 28 d and 90 d oral toxicity tests conducted on rats, no abnormal changes were observed in terms of food utilization, organ weight ratios, and various physiological activities, when compared to the control group (1500, 3000, 6000 mg/kg). Additionally, there were no significant differences (P>0.05) in blood routine and blood biochemical indices between the treatment groups and the control group. Histopathological examination of organ tissues revealed intact morphology without any toxic lesions. These findings provided solid evidence that peony protein was non-toxic in the dose range of less than 11700 mg/kg and hold promising potential for application in the food industry.

The tar-rich coal resources in northern Xinjiang are rich, accounting for about half of the country's tar-rich coal. The rational development and utilization of tar-rich coal resources in this region is an important supplement to Chinese coal resources for coal-to-oil and gas. Previous studies on coal resources in this area have ignored their oil and gas resource attributes, and the characteristics and genetic laws of tar-rich coal are unclear. On the basis of systematically collecting the geological data of tar-rich coal in the six coal bearing belts of Northern Xinjiang, 137 groups of samples were collected and tested, the occurrence characteristics of early and middle Jurassic tar-rich coal was analyzed, and the geological controls of tar-rich coal were further discussed. The tar yield in the northeastern, western and central parts of northern Xinjiang was relatively high, while the high-oil coal was distributed in discontinuous bands in the Badaowan Formation in the northeast region. According to the tar yield of coal from high to low, the six coal bearing belts in northern Xinjiang are Balikun-Santanghu coal bearing zone, Zhunnan coal bearing zone, Yili coal bearing zone, zhunbei coal bearing zone, Turpan-Hami coal bearing zone and Zhundong coal bearing zone, respectively. The formation of tar-rich coal is affected by some factors, such as coal-forming environment, degree of coalification and coal macerals. The tar yield of coal is positively correlated with total sulfur content, volatile matter and vitrinite, and indicates an increasing trend with the increase of the ratio of vitrinite and inertinite (V/I). The reducing water environment provides good conditions for the enrichment of tar-rich coal. The tar-rich coal is mainly developed in the relatively reducing swamp environment. The stronger the reducibility of overlying water, the more conducive to the formation and enrichment of tar-rich coal. There is a positive correlation between maximum vitrinite reflectance and tar yield before the peak of oil generation. The tar yield of coal increases gradually with the increase of coalification degree. The relatively high vitrinite in coal macerals has a significant positive role in promoting tar yield, among these, hydrogen rich vitrinite provides a good material basis for the development of tar-rich coal.

The process of hydrocarbon accumulation in polycyclic superimposed basins often involves multistage crude oil charging, but not every stage of crude oil charging plays a significant role in the current hydrocarbon accumulation. Fluid inclusion methods can only provide constraints on the stages and time of crude oil charging, but cannot determine the contribution of each stage of crude oil charging for hydrocarbon accumulation. To study the contributions of different stages of crude oil charging for the reservoirs, the Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the subsalt area, Tahe oilfield (Tahe subsalt area) were taken as an example. This study employed crude oil geochemistry, fluid inclusion analysis, fluorescence spectrum, and single well simulation analysis methods to systematically reveal the fluorescence characteristics of crude oil and hydrocarbon accumulation stages and time of the study area. The analysis of crude oil biomarker parameters indicates that the crude oil has the same parent material and was deposited in a marine weak reducing environment. By comparing the crude oil with the study area's source rocks, it was determined that all the crude oil was derived from the source rocks of the Lower Cambrian Yuertusi Formation. The aromatic methylphenanthrene index and methyldibenzothiophene parameters of crude oil serve as effective indicators for the quantitative evaluation of crude oil maturity. The calculated crude oil maturity (Ro) in the Tahe subsalt area ranges from 0.90% to 1.47%, and this may correspond to multiple stages of oil and gas charging. Based on fluorescence spectrum analysis of oil inclusions and homogeneity temperature and salinity measurements of associated saline inclusions in the Ordovician reservoirs in the Tahe subsalt area and the study area's burial history of single well burial history and thermal history simulation, it was determined that the oil reservoirs in the Tahe subsalt area experienced three stages of crude oil charging during the stages of middle Caledonian (420 Ma), middle Hercynian (318 Ma) and late Himalayan (10 Ma). By comparing the fluorescence spectrum parameters of crude oil and oil inclusions in these three stages, it is concluded that the late Himalayan is the primary stage of hydrocarbon accumulation in the Tahe subsalt area, making the largest contribution for the Ordovician reservoirs in the Tahe subsalt area.

旨在为鲜核桃保鲜贮藏提供理论依据，以‘温185’为测试品种，经脱青皮后在-10 ℃下低温冷冻贮藏180 d，分析其在贮藏期间的品质变化。结果表明：在贮藏期内，‘温185’脱青皮鲜核桃坚果霉变率为0，种皮颜色由暗黄色变为接近暗褐色，种皮较易分离，种仁为白色，香气由浓郁清香变为淡青香；种仁和种皮色差值逐渐增大；含水率和含油率整体呈下降趋势；种仁风味物质的变化分为3个阶段，即0~60 d、90 d、120~180 d；核桃油脂肪酸组成无明显变化，但其相对含量发生不同程度的变化，酸值和过氧化值逐渐增大，但均未超出国标要求。在冷冻贮藏期（0~180 d），‘温185’坚果品质变化较小，低温冷冻贮藏效果良好。Aiming to provide a theoretical basis for fresh walnut preservation and storage,taking Wen 185 as the test variety, after peeling, it was frozen at-10 ℃ for 180 d, and its quality changes were analyzed during the storage period. The results showed that during the storage period of Wen 185 peeled fresh walnut, the nut mold rate was 0, the seed coat changed from dark yellow to nearly dark brown and easy to separate, the seed kernel was white, the aroma changed from deep fragrance to light fragrance, and the color difference between seed kernel and seed coat gradually increased. There was a overall downward trend in the moisture content and oil content.The changes of the flavor substances of kernels were divided into three stages, namely 0-60 d, 90 d, 120-180 d.The composition of fatty acids in walnut oil did not change significantly, but the relative content changed to varying degrees. The acid value and peroxide value of walnut oil increased gradually,but both did not exceed the national standard. During the freezing storage period (0-180 d), there is little change in nut quality of Wen 185, and the low temperature freezing storage effect is good.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the efficacy of low dose apheresis platelet prophylactic infusion and explore its feasibility. Methods A total of 392 inpatients with platelet transfusion in our hospital from November 2020 to September 2021 were selected. The conventional dose (1 therapeutic dose) of apheresis platelet transfusion was set as the control group, and the low dose (0.5 therapeutic dose) as the experimental group. Platelet count before and after infusion, platelet elevation value (△PLT) and 24 h platelet count correction increase index (CCI) were observed, and the efficacy of low-dose platelet infusion was analyzed by disease type and gender. Results The △PLT value and 24h CCI effective infusion rate in control group were higher than those in experimental group: (16±16) ×109vs (7±10) ×109, 71.94% vs 60.46%, PAA (14±14) >ALL (13±12) >NHL (9±8) >MDS (7±6). In the experimental group, the △PLT (×109) was AA (11±18) >AML (8±8) >ALL (5±7) >NHL (5±7) >MDS (6±16). The 24h CCI was AML(163/188, 86.70%)>AA(23/32, 71.88%)>ALL(65/98, 66.33%)>MDS(9/17, 52.94%)>NHL(12/22, 51.55%) in the control group, and AML(133/188, 70.74%)>AA(19/32, 59.38%)>NHL(12/22, 51.55%)>ALL(47/98, 47.96%)>MDS(8/17, 47.06%) in the experimental group. The effective infusion rates of AML and ALL2 in the experimental groups were 70.74% (133/188) and 47.96% (47/98), respectively, significantly lower than 86.7% (163/188) and 66.33% (65/98) in the control group(P0.05). Conclusion Low-dose apheresis platelet prophylactic infusion can alleviate the between supply shortage, with an effective infusion rate of 60.46% (236/392), which has certain clinical application value. Patients with AML, AA or ALL were recommended with low dose platelets, while patients with MDS and NHL were not recommended.

Objective To explore the perioperative blood management in patients with pancreatic pseudocyst combiend with coagulation factor Ⅴ(FⅤ) deficiency. Methods Preoperative: In order to determine the effect of cryoprecipitated antihemophilic factor and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) on the elevation level of factor Ⅴ, we alternately infused cryoprecipitate and FFP in the resting state. TEG, coagulation function and coagulation factor activity were monitored before and 1 h, 24 h and 48 h after infusion, and intraoperative and postoperative blood transfusion strategies were formulated. FFP 600 mL and cryoprecipitate 10 U were supplemented preoperatively. Intraoperative: The operation procedure was performed for 7 hours with an infusion of 600 mL FFP without significant bleeding. Postoperative: FFP was infused. Results Preoperative: The coagulation factor Ⅴ activity on pre-operation was 1.9% and 1.8%. After alternating infusion cryoprecipitate 10 U and FFP 1 200 mL, the FⅤactivity increased to 5.1% and 6.0%, respectively. There was no significant difference in TEG parameters, PT and ATPP results were decreased to varying degrees. Intraoperative: The operation was successful without obvious bleeding. Postoperative: FFP 500 mL was infused 2 h after operation, and FFP 250-500 mL was injected daily from 1 to 7 days after surgery. No significant bleeding was observed in the wound, the results of TEG, PT, APTT and hemoglobin (Hb) did not change significantly compared with those before surgery. The patient was discharged successfully 12 days after surgery. The genetic test results showed that he had inherited coagulation factor Ⅴ deficiency, which was a compound heterozygous variation. Conclusion Perioperative blood management in patients with FⅤ deficiency combined with surgical disease, requiring pre-transfusion evaluation and post-transfusion evaluation in combination with laboratory investigations and clinical manifestations, cryoprecipitate and fresh frozen plasma can be effective in supplementing coagulation factors. The TEG seems to be better than the Seven items of coagulation function in judging the clotting status of patients with FⅤ deficiency.

Objective The Beikang Basin, located in the southern South China Sea, is a significant area for offshore oil and gas exploration in China. Previous studies in this region have primarily focused on the Palaeogene source rock and the Middle Miocene carbonate reservoirs, neglecting the investigation of deep-water sediments since the Late Miocene. Methods Therefore, this study aims to explore the spatiotemporal distribution, characteristics, and controlling factors of deep-water sediments in the Beikang Basin since the Late Miocene, utilizing 2D seismic data. Results Three types of sedimentary deposits have been identified in the Beikang Basin since the Late Miocene: draping strates, mass-transport deposits (MTDs), and turbidites. Turbidites can be further classified into confined turbidites and delta-front ones. The study reveals that the draping state is predominantly developed in the forebulge tectonic regions of the Beikang Basin, with a decreasing thickness from South to North. MTDs, on the other hand, are mainly distributed in the Backbulge zone, with a thickness that decreases from Southwest to Northeast. The findings indicate that the development and distribution of sediments in the Beikang Basin are influenced by various factors, including sedimentary supply, geomorphic features, tectonic activity, and eustatic sea level changes. The location and thickness of deep-water sediments are primarily controlled by the supply of materials. Additionally, the distribution range of gravity flow deposits and draping states is influenced by the topography of the area. Conclusion These results provide a theoretical foundation for understanding the development and controlling factors of deep-water sediments in the Beikang Basin.

Aiming at the problem of quality control of a deep mixing pile in construction process, this paper introduces a novel digital construction cloud platform incorporated in the equipment minor-disturbance four-axial soil mixing pile, realizing the real-time tracking and feedback in construction process. After inputting the parameter related to different strata into the platform, the variation of parameter is automatically controlled in construction. After inputting the threshold of underground pressure, the minor-disturbance to subsoil is realized with a measured soil lateral displacement and upheaving in millimeter scale. With a measurement of verticality of drill rod in real time, the pile verticality can be controlled to 1/250. The management cloud platform realizes a dynamic management of quality control for all parties in the construction. This practical results are beneficial to completely improve the construction quality of the deep mixing pile and digital construction level of soft soil.

The frequent occurrence of terrorist incidents has seriously affected the security and order of the international community, bringing unprecedented challenges to the safety of passenger and freight transportation. Effectively combating terrorist activities and ensuring personal and property safety are important demands in the field of public security both domestically and globally. Therefore, how to enhance security inspection capabilities through high-tech means has become an important issue and research hotspot of concern. X-ray diffraction (XRD) technology can identify prohibited substances at the molecular level, with high discrimination, and has broad application prospects in the field of safety inspection. Starting from the basic theory of diffraction, this article briefly describes the current research progress in the structure and recognition algorithms of XRD systems, as well as the advantages of XRD technology. An XRD system was built to verify its effectiveness. Finally, the development direction of XRD was prospected, with the aim of further promoting this technology to play a more important role in the field of public safety.

Background The estimation of the prevalence of multimorbidity and identification of high-risk populations can directly affect the corresponding rational allocation of public health resources. Objective To comprehensively describe the prevalence trends and population characteristics of multimorbidity among residents in mainland China from 1998-2019 through Meta-analysis. Methods The databases including Web of Science, PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform and VIP were searched for journal literature relevant to the prevalence of multimorbidity in mainland China from inception to 2022-04-30. Data extraction and quality evaluation were performed on the literature and meta-analysis was performed using Stata 14.0 software. The pooled prevalence of multimorbidity was calculated by using random effects model, and subgroup analysis of the prevalence of multimorbidity was conducted based on survey time (before 2004, 2004-2013, since 2014), gender, region (urban, rural), geographical area (east, central, west, northeast), education level (uneducated, primary school, secondary school and above), marital status (married, others), and research quality (low, medium, high) . Results A total of 123 papers were included into analysis with a total sample size of 7 714 313 cases. There was significant heterogeneity among studies (I2=100.0%, P0.05) . Conclusion The prevalence of multimorbidity among residents in mainland China was 36.3% from 1998 to 2019 with a rising trend and significant differences in age, therefore, attention should be paid to the early screening of high-risk population, active and effective strategies for prevention and control should be adopted.

Melanoma is a highly malignant and aggressive cancer originating from melanocytes. Early diagnosis and surgical resection can achieve a good prognosis in some patients. However, metastatic progression and drug resistance are still the two major problems in the treatment of melanoma. Thus, it is necessary to elucidate the pathogenesis, new therapeutic drugs and the treatment methods. This article reviews the research progress of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of melanoma and related drugs. MiRNAs regulate the occurrence and development of melanoma mainly through MAPK, PI3K/AKT, MITF and P53 signaling pathways. Drugs targeting these pathways can achieve therapeutic benefit. MiRNAs can serve as cancer biomarkers for early detection, evaluations of prognosis and therapeutic effect. The identification and study of related miRNA-mediated signaling pathways are helpful to further elucidate the pathogenesis of melanoma and provide scientific basis for the research and development of targeted drugs.

The change of regional hydrodynamic field caused by coal mining process affects the multi-field process of the formation and evolution of mine water quality, which may lead to the pollution of the water environment in the coal mining area. Research on the driving mechanism of the hydrodynamic field and the method of quantitative calculation of key parameters is the premise of quantitative description on the multi-field effects of site pollution in the coal mining areas and its corresponding pollution control. Taking the Menkeqing Coal Mine as the geological background, this paper clarifies the evolution mechanism of the hydrodynamic field of goaf water. According to the difference in the flow path of the hydrodynamic field, it is divided into the stages of water level recovery and filling-up. It reveals the complex process of the formation and evolution of water quality in the goaf, with the hydrodynamic field as the main driving force, and the synergistic effects of multiple fields such as the hydrochemical field and the microbial field. Then the concept model of the water level recovery stage and filling-up stage and the theoretical calculation model of the analytical solution of the key parameters (permeability coefficient, water level, and water volume) of the hydrodynamic field are proposed. The measured data of the similar material simulation test and the three-dimensional box simulation test are compared with the model calculation results. The theoretical calculation of the permeability coefficient and the curve of goaf water level with time and the experimental measurement error are about 13.2% and 22.5%, respectively. The reliability of the theoretical calculation model is verified. Finally, on the basis of the equations of the hydrodynamic field, and the hydrochemical field and the microbial field under the influence of the hydrodynamic field in the goaf, a multi-field coupling effect model dominated by the hydrodynamic field is constructed. The constitutive model provides an inspiration for exploring the formation and evolution of coal mine water quality driven by the coupling of hydrodynamic field. This study supplements and expands the theory of coal mine water pollution prevention and control.

Background and objective The switch/sucrose nonfermentable chromatin-remodeling (SWI/SNF) complex is a pivotal chromatin remodeling complex, and the genomic alterations (GAs) of the SWI/SNF complex are observed in several cancer types, correlating with multiple biological features of tumor cells. However, their role in liver metastasis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. Our study aims to investigate the role and potential mechanisms underlying NSCLC liver metastasis induced by the GAs of SWI/SNF complex. Methods The GAs of SWI/SNF complex in NSCLC cell lines (H1299, H23 and H460) were identified by whole-exome sequencing (WES). ARID1A knockout H1299 cell was constructed with the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. The mouse model of liver metastasis from NSCLC was established to simulate lung cancer liver metastasis and observe the metastasis rate under different gene mutation conditions. RNA sequencing and Western blot were conducted for differential gene expression analysis. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis was used to assess protein expression levels of SWI/SNF-regulated target molecules in mouse liver metastases. Results WES analysis revealed intracellular gene mutations. The animal experiments demonstrated a correlation between the GAs of SWI/SNF complex and a higher liver metastasis rate in immunodeficient mice. Transcriptome sequencing and Western blot analysis showed upregulated expression of ALDH1A1 and APOBEC3B in SWI/SNF-mut cells, particularly in ARID1A-deficient H460 and H1299 sgARID1A cells. IHC staining of mouse liver metastases further demonstrated elevated expression of ALDH1A1 in the H460 and H1299 sgARID1A group. Conclusion This study underscores the critical role of the GAs of SWI/SNF complex, such as ARID1A and SMARCA4, in promoting liver metastasis of lung cancer cells. The GAs of SWI/SNF complex may promote liver-specific metastasis by upregulating ALDH1A1 and APOBEC3B expression, providing novel insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying lung cancer liver metastasis.

In order to determine the optimal extraction process, and antioxidant and antibacterial activities of anthocyanins from Perilla friesians leaf, in this study, Perilla friesians leaf was used as raw material. Response surface method was used to optimize the optimal process conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of anthocyanins from Perilla friesians leaf, and liquid mass combined technology was used to conduct qualitative and quantitative analysis of anthocyanins and anthocyanins in the extracts. The antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity of the extracts were studied. The results showed that the optimum conditions were as follows: The ratio of material to liquid was 1:20 g/mL, the ultrasonic temperature was 47 ℃, the ultrasonic time was 57 min, and ethanol concentration was 62%, and the maximum extraction rate was 7.18±0.32 mg/g DW under these conditions. The extract was mainly composed of cyanidin, delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, and cyanidin 3-O-glucoside. The extract showed significant scavenging activity on DPPH and ABTS+ free radicals, and the IC50 values were 0.49 and 0.32 mg/mL, respectively. The lowest inhibitory concentration against Staphylococcus aureus was 160 mg/mL. This study provides a theoretical basis for the extraction and application of anthocyanins from Perilla friesians leaf.

Objective To analyze the current situation of direct exemption of clinical blood fess for voluntary blood donors and their family members in Henan Province, in order to improve and fully implement the policy. Methods According to the policy on blood fees exemption issued by China and Henan Province in 2019,the data of hospitals in 18 prefecture-level cities in Henan from 2020 to 2021 were continuously collected from the system of clinical blood fees exemption,including the way of exemption,the number of people (times) of exemption,exemption amount, the proportion of blood fees exemption and the total exemption rate. The experience gained in the past two years after the implementation of the policy was summarized,and the existing problems and causes were analyzed. Results The rates of direct exemption of blood fees in Henan Province in 2020 and 2021 were 34.53% (8 709/25 221) and 71.68%(23 587/32 906) (P

Objective The organic-rich shale of the Upper Permian Wujiaping Formation in the Hongxing area of eastern Sichuan is an important replacement area for shale gas exploration in the Sichuan Basin, and the exploration breakthroughs have been made. But how to achieve large-scale storage increase and efficient development needs to be tackled. Methods This paper investigates the source and reservoir quality characteristics of the shale of the Wujiaping Formation in the Hongxing area of eastern Sichuan based on lithological, geochemical and gas-bearing test and analysis data and discusses the factors controlling the development of high-quality reservoirs. Results The results show that the shale of the Wujiaping Formation has a good organic matter type, dominated by type Ⅱ1 kerogen, with high TOC content, high carbonate content and high gas content. The shale TOC content generally ranges from 1% to 11%, with an average value of 6.89%; the lithology is mainly siliceous shale and mixed shale, followed by calcareous shale, and the overall brittle mineral content is high; the reservoir organic matter pores are developed and have good physical properties, and the porosity generally ranges from 2% to 5%, with an average value of 3.1%. Comprehensive analysis shows that the high-quality reservoir of the Wujiaping Formation is strictly controlled by the depositional environment. The reservoir pore type is dominated by organic pores. Conclusion Under the control of this depositional model, sea level rise and fall, volcanic activity and palaeoclimate have jointly controlled the inhomogeneity and high-quality shale reservior distribution.

The objective of this study is to investigate the variations of optical properties during the progression of black spot disease and select the characteristic wavelengths for disease detection. The optical absorption and scattering properties were measured on winter jujubes using a single integrating sphere detection system in the band range of 900~1650 nm combined with inverse adding-doubling (IAD) algorithm in this study. The characteristic wavelengths were obtained depending on the correlation analysis between optical properties absorption and physicochemical indicators. Finally, the effectiveness of characteristic wavelengths was verified using near-infrared spectroscopy. The results indicated that a* and weight loss increased with storage time, while L*, soluble solids content and chlorophyll showed a consistent decrease. Both the absorption coefficient (μa) and the reduced scattering coefficient (μs') of the winter jujubes showed a significant downward trend with the development of black spot disease. The μa and μs' curves were highly correlated with disease extent (spot area) and some quality indicators (weight loss, L*, a*, soluble solids content and chlorophyll) in the 1400~1650 and 900~1360 nm, respectively. The discriminant models built based on the 10 characteristic variables selected by optical properties performed best compared with the models based on full wavelengths and algorithm-based characteristic wavelengths, with an overall accuracy of 92.53% and 92.35% for the calibration and prediction set, respectively. This study demonstrated the potential of the short- and mid-wave infrared optical signal in the disease detection on winter jujubes and the effectiveness of characteristic wavelengths on the basis of optical properties.

To solve the problem of nondestructive diagnosis of coating aging of steel pipe piles and jackets in offshore wind power booster stations，a set of coating aging monitoring and defect damage automatic identification system was designed.By arranging electrochemical impedance monitoring sensors and cameras on the surface of the tower coating in the exposed area，splash area，tidal range area，and fully immersed area of the offshore booster station，monitoring the in-situ aging status of the coating and automatic identification of coating defects and damages was achieved.With the aid of data wireless transmission and cloud service network，the changes in aging status of coatings at different zones can be online monitored.Through the image recognition system and optimized algorithm，the damage defects on coatings in different areas were automatically inspected，and the evaluation indicators of coating defects degree were quantified.Moreover，machine learning was applied to improve the accuracy of damage identification.For unmanned offshore wind power piles，the combination of electrochemical non-destructive monitoring and visual damage identification was used to establish an coating aging online monitoring network，which could achieve graded management of coating aging status in key areas，provide early warning for areas with severe coating failure，remind personnel to repair in a timely manner，and assist in the efficient and safe operation and maintenance of offshore wind power.

Objective To investigate the effect of the regulator of ribosome synthesis 1 (RRS1) gene on the proliferation and migration of breast cancer BT549 cells and its mechanism of action. Methods Western blot was used to measure the protein expression of RRS1 in human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, BT549, and MCF-7 cells) and normal human breast epithelial MCF-10A cells, and immunofluorescence assay was used to observe the localization of RRS1 in BT549 cells. The lentivirus infection method was used to establish an RRS1-knockdown BT549 cell line, and quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were used to measure the relative mRNA and protein expression levels of RRS1 in the Con group transfected with negative control lentivirus and the sh-RRS1 group transfected with shRNA-RRS1 lentivirus. CCK8 assay and colony-forming assay were used to observe the effect of RRS1 on the proliferation ability of BT549 cells, and wound healing assay and Transwell assay were used to observe the effect of RRS1 on the migration ability of BT549 cells. Western blot was used to measure the relative expression levels of AKT-mTOR signaling pathway proteins and their downstream proteins hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the two groups. Results The relative expression level of RRS1 in breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, BT549, and MCF-7 was significantly higher than that in normal human breast epithelial MCF-10A cells (F=48.92,P

In response to the problems of large deformation, fracture closure and poor permeability of the surrounding rocks in the weak rock roadways of the 1 000 m or deeper coal mines, it is required that the grouting material has good injectability, fast solidification speed, high early strength, and strong bonding performance. A new method of synergistic preparation of inorganic grouting materials was designed using “component optimization + ultra-fine + nano-reinforcement + organic modification”. An inorganic grouting material with an optimum composition ratio of 50∶40∶10 for the ternary cementing system of calcium sulphate aluminate, gypsum and lime was developed. After ultra grinding, the compressive strength of the concretion increased by 163.0% within 4 hours, achieving initial early strength and rapid solidification. A nano-lithium-aluminium hydrotalcite reinforcement material with synergistic effects of nano-nucleation-induced crystallization and lithium ion promotion was developed, resulting in a 183.7% increase in the 2 h strength of the ultra grinding grouting material. The organic modifier with directional coupling effect at the coal-rock interface was synthesized, which formed a bridge through bonding with the grout and coal interface, significantly improving the bonding between the slurry concretion and the coal rock interface. The synergistically prodeuced inorganic-organic composite grouting reinforcement materials has small particle size (D95

“Carbon Peak” and “carbon neutrality” are a social revolution affecting all mankind. How to accurately predict and reduce carbon emissions is the key to the success of this revolution, and also gives the research on this topic a more difficult mission. In order to accurately predict the carbon emissions in the energy sector, based on the energy security considerations such as power balance, power amount balance and peak balancing, a hybrid calculation model is adopted to optimize the installed structure of electric power and energy consumption structure in the process of carbon emission prediction, so as to obtain the optimal minimum carbon emission value based on the installed cost of electric power and the cost of energy consumption structure according to the optimized energy consumption structure. The whole forecasting process is mainly divided into three parts. Firstly, the influencing factors of carbon emissions in the energy sector are analyzed according to the LMDI decomposition method. GDP has a positive driving effect on carbon emissions, while energy consumption intensity and industrial structure have a negative driving effect on carbon emissions. Secondly, the structure of the carbon system is preliminarily optimized and the initial carbon emission value is predicted based on the preliminary optimization results. Finally, based on the rationality and accuracy of the process, a model evaluation method is proposed. The key index verification method is adopted to perform feedback verification on the binding indicators such as the proportion of electric energy in terminal energy consumption, the proportion of non-fossil energy consumption and the cumulative decline rate of carbon intensity in the prediction process. After the key index verification and multiple feedback adjustment, the carbon emission value meeting the constraints of the multi-objective function and each constraint index is obtained. The feasibility and reliability of the optimization and prediction process are verified by using the actual data of a province in central China. The results show that only in the peak reaching scenario, the province can meet the target of carbon peak and pass the verification of three key indicators.

In cone-beam computed tomography with flat-panel imagers, scattered X-ray photons lead to reduced image quality. Insertion of an anti-scatter grid between the patient or object and the flat-panel imagers is one of the most used techniques for reducing scattered radiation. However, while the scatter is reduced, gridline artifacts can be visible. Suppressing gridline artifacts in cone-beam computed tomography is significant. In this paper, the existing methods of removing gridline artifacts are summarized. Moreover, the wavelet transform method based on spectrum coalescence is innovatively proposed for removing gridline artifacts. Wavelet transform can remove gridline artifacts effectively and without introducing wavelet transform harmonics thus reducing the loss of object details. The effectiveness of this method is verified by experiments.

Objective: To explore the influence of different CT acquisition and reconstruction parameters on the CT number of the chest in vivo. Methods: The CT number of the trachea, blood vessels, lungs, vertebral bodies, and muscles of the human chest were measured under different CT scanning parameters. Six groups of different scanning parameters and reconstruction algorithms were set respectively: slice thickness 5 mm, 50% multi-model adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction Veo (ASIR-V) and low-dose for S1; slice thickness 5 mm, filtered back projection (FBP) and standard-dose for S2; slice thickness 1.25 mm, 50% ASIR-V and low-dose for S3; slice thickness 1.25 mm, 50% ASIR-V and standard-dose for S4; slice thickness 1.25 mm, FBP, low-dose for S5; slice thickness 1.25 mm, FBP, standard-dose for S6. The radiation dose of the scan was controlled using two noise indexes (NI), including low-dose (NI=40) and standard-dose (NI=10). Differences in CT number between two groups were compared using t-test or rank-sum test. Results: Significant differences of CT number of the trachea were detected between low-dose and standard-dose, but no significant differences of CT number of other tissues were detected between low-dose and standard-dose. No significant differences of CT number of chest tissues were detected between either 5 mm thickness and 1.25 mm thickness or 50% ASIR-V and FBP. Conclusion: The CT number of human chest tissues showed well stability which was scarcely influenced by slices thickness, reconstruction algorithm and scan dose.