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Results of academic research require publication and need to be reviewed by peers before they can contribute to the existing body of knowledge. Among the various means of publishing research findings, researchers may, according to past academic practices, first present their research results in conferences, seminars or symposiums, and then submit their results to journals for publication. Hence, the issue of “extended publication”, where conference papers are revised and submitted to journals, has gained attention in the library and information science community. This study collected public documents on the Internet and applied document analysis to examine the ethical considerations regarding such extension practice. First, this research reviewed the basic principles of research integrity and responsible behavior. Secondly, this research listed several types of violation related to research paper writing and submission, and studied the guidelines established by both domestic and foreign academic organizations, publishers, and journals. The findings of the research were used to provide specific recommendations on the best practices for extending conference papers to journal articles.

This study used bibliometrics to analyze the characteristics of funded papers in the social sciences in Taiwan from 2015 to 2019, including the number of funded papers, funded paper ratio, document types, fields, type of publishing organizations, journal impact, and paper citation impact. The results indicate that the number of funded papers and the funded paper ratio of SSCI papers from Taiwan have both increased. In addition to articles and reviews, conference papers are a major type of funded paper for local SSCI papers. In terms of fields, the nontraditional social sciences, such as environmental sciences, psychiatry, and public/environmental & occupational health, have a particularly high funded paper ratio. However, the number of funded papers and funded paper ratio is the highest in the field of education & educational research. The fields of economics, management, and business have a large number of funded papers but a low funded paper ratio. Universities are the main funded institutions, but hospitals have the highest funded paper ratio. Funded papers tend to have higher paper citation impacts. Therefore, funding positively affects the productivity and impact of SSCI papers from Taiwan. (Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the extended publishing of conference papers in the field of management. The sample examined consisted of a total of 2,427 conference papers that were published in 2011 in nine international conferences spanning four academic fields, which were marketing, production and operations management, transportation management, and information management. This study adopted bibliometrics to analyze the extended publishing rate of the original conference papers, the document types of the extended publications, and the publication lag from the original conference papers to extended versions publishing. The differences between the originals and extended publications were also compared, including the changes in authorship, references, the length of articles, and the number of tables and figures. The results of the study reveal that the average extended publishing rate of the original conference papers was 17.06%, with journal articles being the major category. The average time lag for extended journal articles publishing was 27.99 months, and for submission was 14 months. This study suggested that the academic publishers provide relevant publication policy for extended publication. The journal editors and researchers should follow the guideline for submission and the editorial policy to avoid academic misconduct.

Brenda Dervin presented a paper in 1983 titled “An Overview of Sense-Making Research: Concepts, Methods and Results to Date” at a conference. She presented the “Sense-Making Methodology (SMM)” in the 1983 paper with the introduction of its core concepts, methods, and applications. SMM is a user-centered theory for methodology and has been widely applied to a wide range of fields. The findings of this study show that the 1983 paper has a longterm influence on other research articles and its influence has expanded into more disciplines and topics over time. Most of 283 articles citing the 1983 paper were information behavior articles published in journals of library and information science. This study contributes to confirm that the primary influence of this 1983 paper was established by a few concepts related to SMM. Not all three basic concepts constructing the SMM, “gaps”, “situations”, and “uses”, were the most influential concepts in terms of number of citation contexts. “Gaps” was the most frequently cited concept related to SMM (17.5%), closely followed by “sense-making/nonsense-making (17.3%)”. However, “SMM” was the most influential concept in terms of number of research topics of citing articles.

In recent years, some scholarly journals have indicated that they accept rewritten or extended version of a conference paper as long as new content are added to the journal article manuscript and that the original conference paper is included in the references. The extended publishing of conference papers now becomes topic worthy of investigation. This study analyzed the extended works of the conference papers from three major conferences in the fields of information management, i.e., Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)’s ACM Conference on Electronic Commerce (ACM EC), ACM Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (ACM KDD), and ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (ACM CIKM). Papers from the 2011 meetings were used as the sample to understand to what extent conference papers have been extended into journal articles and other forms and the lag between conference and journal publishing. It also examined the differences between the conference papers and their extended versions (i.e., journal papers) by comparing the changes in authorship, references, article length, tables, and figures. It reveals the current practices of extending conference papers for journal publishing in the information management fields and may help us understand the contemporary scholarly publishing behavior. (Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)

The study utilizes bibliometrics to explore papers and patents in the field of fuel cell to examine the scientific and technical development in the area. The research data were retrieved from the WOS database and USPTO patent data from the period between 1991 and 2010, which consists of 20,758 papers and 8,112 patents. The authors analyzed numbers of papers and patents to examine the trends in the papers and patents in different countries, organizations and individuals. The results indicate upward growth in both papers and patents in fuel cell, with a higher growth rate for papers. The study shows that major paper and patent output are concentrated in a small number of countries. An imbalance exists between the number of papers published and the patents granted in organizations. The organizations that published papers and patents vary in type and category. Very few individual researchers are able to produce high numbers of both papers and patents.

隨著傳統期刊逐漸採用電子形式出刊，也帶動投稿及評閱過程愈來愈多採用電子自動化之潮流。目前一般的線上投稿暨評閱系統雖然功能逐漸齊備，但仍少有推薦評閱者功能。為評估現有可推薦評閱者技術之表現，本文分別用標題、關鍵詞、摘要、全文4種不同長度的論文表示方式，搭配7種評閱者匹配法，其中包括向量空間模式下的4種相似度匹配法，及應用於OpenConf線上投稿系統中的3種主題式匹配法，交叉組合出4×7＝28種推薦模式。測試結果顯示，向量空間模式匹配法優於主題式匹配法。又所有推薦模式中，以摘要為論文表示方式，搭配向量空間模式的餘弦相似度匹配法，其推薦效果最好。As more e-journals appear and the e-review process becomes more popular, the demand for automatic recommendation of a good peer reviewer has been ever increasing. To automate the process of paper reviewer recommendation, this work evaluates four kinds of paper representations, which include full text, abstract, title, and author defined keywords. To match reviewers with papers, this work evaluates seven scoring methods including three topic-based methods from OpenConf, a popular online submission system with source, and four similarity-based methods from the vector space model of traditional information retrieval. The results of the 28 experiments show that recommendation methods based on the vector space model are better than the three topic-based methods of OpenConf in most document representations. Among them, the abstract paper representation combined with cosine similarity matching measure has the highest average precision.

研究是重要的知識探索過程，採用嚴謹的研究方法與適當的統計分析技術，清楚且有系統的呈現研究發現，能促進學域知識的發展。高品質的學術論文，是學域專業彰顯最重要的支撐。因此為瞭解圖書資訊學研究的發展趨勢，其研究方法與統計分析技術的應用，是相當值得探討的議題。鑑此，本研究針對近四十年來刊登在《教育資料與圖書館學》期刊之1,540篇研究論文，進行書目計量與內容分析，並依其刊物沿革、宗旨及演進過程，將研究期間區隔為四期，探析其自1970年創刊迄2010年所刊載的論文特徵，包括文章類型、論文語文、主題類別、論文結構、研究方法及統計分析技術等面向。研究結果發現，在文章類型上，第一期的文章類型共11種類型最多；在語文類別上，以中文論文刊載為主；在主題類別上，所刊載之論文以「圖書資訊學」（66%）所占比例最高，其次是「教育」（15%）；另在論文結構部分，有42篇（2.73%）的論文採用ILMRAD結構撰寫論文，另有8篇採用IMRAD結構，且多集中於第四期。至於最常採用的研究方法為調查法，其中主題類別為「圖書資訊學」的論文採調查法（46.63%）最多；次為「教育」類論文，約12%採用調查法；而最常採用的統計分析技術是量化敘述統計（60.11％），次為T檢定（9.27％）。Research is the important process of knowledge exploration. Domain knowledge development can be improved by using research design and proper statistical methods meticulously as well as clearly and systematically displaying research results. In order to find out the evolving trend of Library and Information Science, its research design and statistical method is a topic worth exploring. By applying bibliometric and content analysis, this study investigates the 1,540 research papers published in the Journal of Educational Media & Library Sciences (JoEMLS) in the last 40 years. According to its history and mission statement, the researchers separate time span from 1970 to 2010 into four period, exploring the features of those published papers, including the type of articles, article languages, topics, structures, research designs and statistical methods. The results show as follow. During period 1, the type of articles are diversities. In addition , Chinese papers are dominate. Moreover, the top 3 categories of research papers are the study of “Library and Information Science”(66%), follows by the “Education”(15%). As for the paper structure, there are 2.73% papers applying ILMRAD and only 8 papers of them applying IMRAD. The most commonly adopted research design is Survey Method, among them, the study of “Library and Information Science” used more often (46.63%). As to the most commonly used statistical method is Descriptive Statistics (60.11%), secondly the T-Test(9.27％).

本研究以電子與電機產業為例,從其發明專利產量與科學論文產量的觀點探討科學與技術之關係。先前的研究多數透過對技術專利與科學文獻之間的引用來探討關於科學與技術的連結,但這樣的角度僅能呈現其相互影響的部分面向。因此本研究選擇以電子與電機產業專利表現極佳的20家世界知名公司為例,從同一個公司之專利產量與科學文獻產量的角度切入,探討科學與技術兩者之間的關連,並分別從其被引用狀況,分析企業產出專利與發表科學論文後所造成的影響程度。此外本研究也分析各公司的技術週期時間(TechnologyCycleTime,TCT),探討TCT與Patent-PaperRatio之間的關連,並改良即時影響指數(ModifiedCurrentImpactIndex,ModifiedCII)的計算方法使其同時適用於專利與論文,進而比較各公司的專利與論文之即時影響指數。其中發明專利與科學論文分別檢索自USPTO與WoS資料庫,於1989年至2008年間之資料。研究結果顯示,雖然近20年來電子與電機領域的科學論文成長幅度比技術專利大,但該領域中技術專利表現最優秀的20個公司的科學論文發表狀況與產生的影響力卻與其專利數量與影響力之間關連不顯著。本結果對於電子與電機領域之公司在技術與科學之間的連結關係提供一項新的實務證據。This study investigates the relation between production of utility patents and scientific papers in the electrical and electronic (E&E) industry. Unlike most prior researches delving into the link between science and technology through patent citations and paper citations, this article takes top 20 companies in the E&E industry as an example to examine the link between science and technology in terms of the productivity of patents and papers in one company. It also probes into patent citations and paper citations respectively and its consequences. Furthermore, this approach analyzes the link between Technology Cycle Time (TCT) and Patent-Paper Ratio (PtPR) and adopts the modified calculation, Modified Current Impact Index (Modified CII), to fit patents as well as papers. The source data are retrieved from top 20 companies’ patents and papers granted by the USPTO and covered in WoS database for the period of 1989-2008. Results from this analysis demonstrate that there is little connection between productivity and impact of papers and patents of these top 20 companies. These findings provide new empirical evidences about the linkage between technology and science at E&E industry level.

The growth in popularity of the World Wide Web has dramatically changed the way undergraduate students conduct information searches. The purpose of this study is to investigate what core quality criteria undergraduate students use to evaluate Web resources for their class papers and to what extent they evaluate the Web resources. This study reports on five Web page evaluations and a questionnaire survey of thirty five undergraduate students in the Information Technology and Informatics Program at Rutgers University. Results show that undergraduate students have become increasingly sophisticated about using Web resources, but not yet sophisticated about searching them. Undergraduate students only used one or two surface quality criteria to evaluate Web resources. They made immediate judgments about the surface features of Web pages and ignored the content of the documents themselves. This research suggests that undergraduate instructors should take the responsibility for instructing students on basic Web use knowledge or work with librarians to develop undergraduate students information literacy skills.

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頁次：4-10The Library Association of China (LAC) has announced its White Paper to Library Development - ROC 2000 in April 2000 to serve as a guideline for the future direction of library/information services in the 21st century. It took five long years for this document to reach its completion. The drafting of the document was initiated by Professor C.K. Wang at his Presidency of LAC in 1994, and accomplished by Dr. Margaret Fung at her Presidency of LAC in 1999. Announced by Professor S.H. Huang, the current President of LAC, in April 2000, and wished to promote the legislative process of Library Law in Legislative Yuan. Library Law was passed in January, 2001. White Paper to Library Development has played an vital role in this movement. This paper highlights the essence of the document.

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This paper introduces three current major university ranking systems. The Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities by Higher Education Evaluation and Accreditation Council of Taiwan (HEEACT Ranking) emphasizes both the quality and quantity of research and current research performance. The Academic Ranking of World Universities by Shanghai Jiao Tung University (ARWU) focuses on outstanding performance of universities with indicators such as Nobel Prizewinners. The QS World University Ranking (2004-2009) by Times Higher Education (THE-QS) emphasizes on peer review with high weighting in evaluation. This paper compares the 2009 ranking results from the three ranking systems. Differences exist in the top 20 universities in three ranking systems except the Harvard University, which scored top one in all of the three rankings. Comparisons also revealed that the THE-QS favored UK universities. Further, obvious differences can be observed between THE-QS and the other two rankings when ranking results of some European countries(Germany, UK, Netherlands, & Switzerland) and Chinese speaking regions were compared.

Due to the tremendous increase and variation in serial publications, faculties in university departments are finding it difficult to collect, generate and update their departmental core article ranked lists regularly and accurately. In addition, both students and researchers are finding it difficult to find and study the most significant papers for their departments or interested journals. Furthermore, editors want to trace and analyze the more highly cited articles published in their journals over different time spans. Therefore, the evaluation of a departmental and journal core article ranked list is an important task for faculties, students and editors. In this study, a Computer-Aided Paper Bibliometric System was implemented and four article citation ranking indicators (RCC, TCC, R/T PI and R/T CH) were proposed in order to generate a departmental and journal core article ranking list. These four indicators were designed to satisfy different audiences’ requirements. Four departments and ten journals were taken as samples, with a Department of Information Management and journal of MIS Quarterly as the major one. Several citation patterns were found. All Turning Points (TP) were located at the 4th segment (TP Site: 0.28) for all departments and journals by the TCC indicator. Through the RCC indicator, TPs from different departments or journals were classified into two types. The TP site of Type I was 0.07 and Type II was 0.14. Both RCC and TCC also have their own similar scatter charts. These patterns could be helpful in deciding the core article area or evaluating the experiment results. After comparing these four indicators via the Coefficient of Correlation, both RCC and TCC can obtain more than 0.5 and 0.9 correlation factors with their own extended indicators. The experimental results show that (TCC, TPI, TCH) and (RCC, RPI, RCH) were measured to be at an acceptable level.

The rich Chinese oral history collections at Columbia University mainly consist of the Chinese Oral History Project collection, the China Missionaries Project collection, the Academia Sinica Institute of Modern History Oral History collection, and the Zhang Xueliang (Chang Hsueh-liang, or Peter H. L. Chang) Oral History collection. This article intends to provide essential information on what is available, how to navigate through the multitudes of the collections, and how to communicate requests for access to Columbia libraries. It offers as an updated, comprehensive, consistent overview of Chinese oral history collections at Columbia for better access by users and librarians alike, particularly for Chinese-language users in Taiwan and China. (Article content in Chinese with English abstract)

無Conference proceedings are becoming increasingly important for Sci-Tech communication especially in highly dynamic and mult-disciplinary fields of knowledge. How to access to conference proceedings becoming more important for Libraries. Collects and analyzes data about conference literature in the field of library from Library and Information Science Abstracts, Library Literature. Describing them in year division. This study presented describing the state of conference literature situation in the very diverse conditions that govern information dissemination in the libraries. This analysis shows the history, influence and value of conference papers and proceedings source for librarians.

To provide diverse book lending channels and services to the public and to guide healthy competition in library industry, this paper discusses the coopetition relationship between online shared bookstores and libraries from the perspective of readers’ choice behavior. According to the questionnaire survey from 187 readers in Guangzhou, MNL model is adopted to quantitatively analyze the effect of various factors such as personal attributes, borrowing requirements and habits on readers’ choice. Research shows that online shared bookstore and library, mainly public library, have different competition in terms of multi-dimensional needs and preferences. Thus, this paper proposes the potential cooperation mode between online bookstore and library in collection, data and space, so as to promote the mutually beneficial coexistence between them. (Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)

The White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) issued the public access policy guideline “Increasing Access to the Results of Federally Funded Scientific Research “to require federal agencies with R&D budgets over $100 million for making research papers publicly available. In 2019, the outbreak of the infectious pandemic COVID-19, which caused the global health crisis highlighted the importance of open access. The research outputs which can be accessed immediately, freely, and publicly made great contributions to epidemic tracking and forecasting and accelerated the developments in drugs and vaccines. In 2022, OSTP issued a memorandum on” Ensuring Free, Immediate, and Equitable Access to Federally Funded Research”, expanding the scope of the 2013 Memorandum. The updated OSTP policy guidance expects the research outputs funded by all federal agencies can be accessed more equitably and quickly and support the government in making evidence-based decisions. In this paper, by reviewing the literature on the developments of the U.S. public access policy guidance, to recognize the difference between the two memorandums and it is hoped that libraries can have a better understanding of the global impact on scholarly publishing in the developments of the U.S. policy. Based on the literature findings and observations, this paper provides libraries with suggestions on how to respond to the global changes which are hard to ignore.

This paper collected forum discussions related to archives in mainland China and analyzed the topics and sentiment trends presented in archives posts in 2019-2020. This paper used the NLPIR platform to perform text preprocessing such as word segmentation, part-of-speech tagging, and word frequency statistics. Chinese sentiment vocabulary ontology is then introduced to precede the sentiment analysis. The results showed that the topics that people are most concerned about are generally divided into two types. One is the specific figures and events, the other is the social issues represented by “archival work practice” and “archives access”. In terms of sentiment analysis, the archival affairs forum showed obvious negative emotions when discussing specific people and events; and when it came to the practice of archival work, it showed positive expectations for the archival access.

The rise of open access mega journals has significantly changed the modern academic publishing industry. Mega journals adopt low-selective peer review standards, whereby peer reviewers only evaluate the soundness and ethics of research and no longer pay much attention to novelty, importance, and applicability. The academic community is concerned that this will make the quality of published works vary excessively and even make mega journals become a “dumping ground” for low-quality research. Given the lack of Chinese-language literature on mega journals, this study applies a literature review method to analyze the impact of mega journals on academia. This article first reviews the origins of mega journals and the main differences between them and traditional peer-reviewed journals; the paper also explicates the diverse viewpoints and discussions on mega journals in the international scientific communities. Finally, from the perspective of research integrity, this paper proposes practical guidance that research stakeholders might follow to respond to the prevalence of mega journals. It is hoped that the results of this research can serve as a reference for the higher education community in Taiwan.

Historiography education allows students to not only absorb the knowledge in books but also train their thinking skills and methods of history management. With this course, students can practice writing historical research with professional concepts and methods and develop problem-solving skills. To complete the essay, searching and selecting skills are essential. Therefore, this study explores the characteristics of information behaviors of history students during essay writing, including their information needs, information-seeking behaviors, and factors and difficulties affecting the writing process. This qualitative study collects data of 15 history students of Fu Jen Catholic University through semi-structured interviews. The study results reveal that the essential information needs of undergraduate students in the Department of History when writing the course essay are to focus on and confirm the research topics. Among the types of materials they use, books are the most popular, followed by archives, newspapers and magazines, and journal papers and dissertations. The primary information source is information service organizations, followed by electronic databases and interpersonal networks. Students’ information sources are quite diverse, with both formal and informal sources of information. Students most often use a comprehensive electronic database to retrieve relevant research papers or the digital archive database to obtain historical materials. When selecting materials, students pay attention to accuracy and credibility, so they use various methods, such as searching for cross-comparison of materials from various sources, tracing the source of the materials, and seeking the advice of teachers or experts. In general, the most influencing factors are related to the acquisition and interpretation of materials. When encountering a problem, most students tend to solve it by themselves or seek assistance from the interpersonal network.

In Taiwan, writing a thesis or dissertation is a basic need for graduate students to fulfill their requirement for graduation. The traditional thesis or dissertation usually refers to a monograph written and formatted by required order after completing a single research. Only students from a few departments may use their certificates of achievement with written reports or technical reports as substitutes for their theses or dissertations and apply for graduation. In recent years, the thesis by publication (TBP) approach has begun to appear. Foreign universities have their own policies and regulations for including published works as part of final thesis submission, and there are also a number of related research papers in the academic field. In Taiwan, some university departments have already adopted the TBP approach for years, but it seems that no local university has a clear school policy or brings up relevant perspectives to the authorities for discussion. To address the issue of TBP, this study uses document analysis method, analyzing public documents on the Internet and aims to portrait the TBP approach from literature. Firstly, the author inspects school regulations of Australian, UK, and Japanese universities; secondly, research papers are reviewed and the definition of TBP along with topics for consideration are listed. The recast of capability for independent research and practical practices are also discussed and presented, in the hope that this study will serve as a reference for policy makers in Taiwan’s higher education.

This study applies the method of citation analysis to analyze the 14,638 citations and works cited in the 256 research papers on the Ssu-k’u Studies (四庫學) in Taiwan. It explores the characteristics of those cited works and citations such as their types, disciplines, publication eras, citation half-life and tendencies, including the most frequently cited books and journals. The research results revealed that modern monographs make up the largest proportion of the works cited in the 256 research papers, and ancient books occupy the second largest proportion of those cited works. Generalities category of New Classification Scheme for Chinese Libraries is the discipline that most of the ancient and modern books cited come from; the discipline of linguistics and literature and that of Chinese history and geography have the second and the third most ancient and modern books cited. Concerning the cited works published in the modern era, the number of the works that were cited within five years since they were published is the highest. More than 80 percent of the works cited of modern publications were cited within one to 25 years after they were published. The citation half-life is 11.69 years. More than 70 percent of ancient and modern books cited in the 256 papers were cited only once. There are 21 titles of ancient books, 29 titles of modern books, and 35 titles of journals that are most frequently cited.

Bibliometrics and content analysis approaches were adopted in this study to review the papers issued in Journal of Library and Information Sciences from 1999 to 2020 to draw the landscape of library and information science studies, including research population, research subjects, research approaches and theories used. The results showed the growth of the research population, but the high percentage of one-time authors who lacked sustainable research efforts. Classical LIS topics, such as information behavior and information organization with mixed and newly developed approaches were the center of research. Research evaluation by bibliometrics approach expanded the scope of LIS studies. The presentation of theory linkage appeared limited, but increased in later published papers.

The origins of the ancient Chinese book collection activities were very early and highly developed. Because of the advanced paper-making industry in Shaoxing (the eastern part of Zhejiang in the Qing Dynasty), there were many talented people at book engraving and book collecting in history. We try to generalize and summarize the collecting books and social life of the well-known books collectors in Shaoxing during Qing Dynasty in the article. Even more, we also try to analysis the social relationship of the books collector communities in Shaoxing during Qing Dynasty by digital humanity technology. We can know the background of books collecting by grasp the correlation between the books collectors. At present, few people present their research results in such a way. This paper hopes to take this as a starting point and expand the research scope in the future, so as to provide reference for the future presentation.

By using the text analysis method commonly used in digital humanities researches, this paper explores the core ideas of I-Kuan-Tao Master Yulin Han with the corpus of 40 speeches delivered by him in 1980-1989 and 1990-1994 as the research material. The research team members first digitized the speech data by manual listening and typing, and the total number of words in all documents exceeded 255,000 words. We used the Python programming language to develop tools for extracting key words from the corpus based on the Jieba Chines word segmentation tool, then analyzed word frequency and built a database with Pandas. From the results of text analysis, we identified 20 core ideas of Master Yulin Han. Through rigorous digitization of the corpus, and the automated methods of Text mining and quantitative analysis, this paper explores the core ideas of Master Yulin Han from his speeches delivered to different audience at different periods. Using this methodology, we can investigate the ideological system of Master Yulin Han and how he constructs and interprets the morality of I-Kuan-Tao, which provides a more objective basis for the related research of his core ideas.

This study examines differences in research performance, international collaboration, and migration moves between two types of migrant researchers: international and domestic migrant researchers. The investigation focuses on 929 researchers in the field of business and management in four East Asian countries—China, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan—and explores their scientific output and movements across types of institutions. The study uses bibliographic data from the Web of Science and Scopus author ID to disambiguate information across databases. The findings reveal that both international and domestic migrants demonstrate comparable productivity. Concerning publication quality, international migrants exhibit a higher citation impact, and researchers from Taiwan demonstrate the highest average number of citations per paper among the four countries. For international collaboration, international migrants report a higher rate of international collaboration than domestic migrants. The United States serves as the primary collaborative partner for migrant researchers from Taiwan, Japan, and South Korea, whereas China has a closer partnership with Hong Kong. Finally, international migrants demonstrate a higher frequency of migration, with an average of two moves per capita. This study provides empirical evidence for the value of scientific migration from the perspectives of international and domestic migrants in East Asian countries.

Open government data (OGD) has been discussed globally for its value in improving the government’s service quality and transparency. However, most OGD must be utilized by the practitioners in their projects so that the public can benefit from the outcomes and realize the philosophy of OGD. This study investigated 35 practitioners’ experiences utilizing OGD with semi-structured interviews and analyzed transcripts via a qualitative approach based on grounded theory. The results present five factors that influence practitioners’ experiences: data quality, service quality, product quality, experience quality, and feedback quality; moreover, 15 indicators among the above factors were identified. In conclusion, practitioners play a crucial role in turning OGD into valuable products to engage the public in the OGD ecosystem and expand the value of such data. This paper gives specific recommendations to the government to improve the OGD environment from a practical perspective and demonstrates the meanings of practitioners’ contributions to the OGD movement. (Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)

Woodblock printing activities of chieftain are worthy of attention in the history of publishing in China. The woodblock printing activities of the Mu (木氏) chieftains of Lijiang (麗江) is a representative case. This paper first clarifies some relevant problems which could not be solved by previous studies. According to the research statistics, there are up to 34 block-printed editions published by chieftain Mu. The woodblock printing activities of chieftain Mu took place during the reign of Six Masters in the Mu Family (木氏六公). The locations where these books were made were not fixed. The character of these editions is Suzhou (蘇州) style appreciated by Chinese traditional literati. Originating from Three Immortal Deeds of Confucianism and Buddhist concept of merits, these books can be divided into Mu’s works, historical materials for family and religious books. Chinese characters and minority writings both were applied in these books, which is different from other private printing. The woodblock printing activities of chieftain Mu not only holds a place in the history of publishing in China, but also is an important sign of cultural identity in Tusi (土司) areas. (Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)

This study applies the method of citation analysis to analyze the 13,552 citations and works cited in the 273 research papers on Chinese painting and calligraphy published in the National Palace Museum Quarterly, the National Palace Museum Research Quarterly, and Taida Journal of Art History from 1966 to 2017. It explores those cited works and citations' characteristics such as their types, disciplines, publication eras, citation half-life, publication languages, and tendencies including the most frequently cited books and journals. The research results revealed that ancient books make up the largest proportion of the works cited in the 273 research papers, and modern monographs make up the second largest proportion of those cited works. Art is the discipline that most of the ancient and modern books cited come from; the discipline of language and literature and that of Chinese history and geography have the second and the third most ancient and modern books cited. More than half of the works cited of ancient and modern books are not from the discipline of Art. The publication eras of the works cited covers a wide range; both ancient and modern works are covered. Concerning the cited works published in the modern era, the number of the works that were cited after six to ten years since their publication is the highest. More than 80 percent of the works cited of modern publications were cited within one to 30 years since their publication, and thus the problem of literature obsolescence is not obvious. The citation half-life is 13.8 years. In the 273 papers, the number of works cited in Chinese is the highest; however, many of the most frequently cited modern books and journals are publications in English. This result also revealed that the research field of Chinese painting and calligraphy does not rely solely on literatures in Chinese. More than 70 percent of ancient and modern books cited in the 273 papers were cited only once. There are 32 titles of ancient books, 48 titles of modern books, and 24 titles of journals that are most frequently cited. Taida Journal of Art History has the lowest journal self-citation rate.

The electronic magazine reading platforms of mobile devices were usually composed of the scanned paper articles in the past. Recently, in order to satisfy the users' needs of both multimedia effects and comfortable operations, the contents are further reproduced. However, as there are not enough investigations on acceptability and principles of interface design, the design elements of high -quality electronic magazine apps are still unknown. In other words, the way to design a high-quality electronic magazines contents and man-machine interface is still vague. This paper employs the UTAUT model as the research architecture and postulates five direct determinants of use: ＂performance expectation＂, ＂effort expectation＂, ＂interaction＂, ＂users' experience＂, and ＂facilitating conditions＂ with two moderators: ＂experience＂ and ＂gender＂ for designing the questionnaire and conducting the interviews. The experimental result shows that both ＂performance expectation＂ and ＂interaction＂ have positive influence on ＂intention to use＂. The above positive influence of ＂performance expectation＂ on ＂intention to use＂ is interfered by ＂experience＂. Moreover, ＂users' experience＂ also has positive influence on ＂interaction＂. Furthermore, ＂intention to use＂ also has positive influence on ＂facilitating conditions＂. Finally, the suggestions on the design for both reading interface and contents of electronic magazine apps are proposed.

"The study reports on an analysis of a chosen corpus in the emergent domain of digital humanities (DH). In contrast to other studies of the DH literature that focus on publications in the west, this study examines 129 papers published in the proceedings of the International Conferences of Digital Archives and Digital Humanities that were held in Taiwan between 2009 and 2016. In all, 236 individual authors from 15 countries contributed at least one paper; 50 domains were represented. Three East Asian countries (Taiwan, China, and Japan) show a dominating presence, and top three domains (computer science, history, and Chinese) have the highest numbers of participants and highest numbers of first authors. Unlike their counterparts in the humanities, the papers in the study have a much higher percentage of collaborative works. More than half of the papers that are collaborative works are interdisciplinary, but only one-fifth involve international collaboration. Proportionally, computer scientists’ participation rate decreases and humanists’ rate increases, however modestly, from 2012 onward. The study also investigates digital technology’s impact on DH in various stages of the information lifecycle. More than two-thirds of the papers discuss technology’s impact in the area of consuming data from digital collections for various purposes, with the impact on building retrieval systems/online platforms coming in second at 26.6%. Among different years, the first year is exceptional in showing high interest in the impact on building digital collections, building knowledge organization systems, and building retrieval systems but low interest in the impact on data consumption. Humanists in general are more attentive to the impact on consumption than technologists, while the latter lean toward the impact on building retrieval systems. Without any claim to comprehensiveness or representativeness, the study provides a snapshot of the DH literary output."

In the field of Buddhist studies, the reading of multiple editions or versions of a single text, and the interpretation of multiple commentaries on the same text is a fundamental, necessary and quite important undertaking. Buddhist writings are often rich in content, but the text itself can be extremely condensed. Therefore, if there are no supplementary annotations or commentaries to aid the interpretation of these writings, future generations of readers will encounter great difficulties in studying them. It is very inconvenient and time-consuming to use the traditional paper-based editions of Buddhist writings as the basis to do research for comparative readings or consulting different commentaries to the same section of a single text. This paper attempts to use the relevant digital technologies to compile four different commentaries to the ＂Vijñaptimātratāsiddhi-śāstra＂: Kuiji's ＂Commentary on the Vijñaptimātratāsiddhi-śāstra＂, his ＂Essentials of the Treatise on Consciousness- Only＂, Huizhao's ＂Lamp to Illuminate the Meaning of the Vijñaptimātratāsiddhi-śāstra＂, and Zhizhou's ＂Explanation of the Mystery of the Vijñaptimātratāsiddhi-śāstra＂, and to compile and edit all of the commentaries and annotations in one place. This helps scholars and readers save a lot of time on doing the mechanical work of compilation involved, and allows them to easily read and better understand the ＂Vijñaptimātratāsiddhi-śāstra＂.

This study involved the application of bibliotherapy with the Bible. The researchers deployed semi-structured in-depth interviews with 12 Christian undergraduates and graduate students from National Taiwan University. This study evaluated the emotional healing efficacy of the Bible by examining the emotional healing processes of identification, catharsis, and insight, and this paper focus on the biographies and stories of characters in the Bible. The findings showed that biographies and stories of characters in the Bible could provide a full process of emotional healing efficacy for Christians who suffer from such emotional disturbance as self-identity problems, struggling with their future careers, and feeling ashamed of their religious beliefs. Those characters are Abraham, Joseph, Moses, Samson, Ruth, David, Elijah, Esther and Mordecai, Job, Daniel, Hosea and Gomer, Jonah, Jesus, Mary (mother of Jesus), Peter, Mary Magdalene, Martha, and Stephen.

The study analyzed the case of cooperative teaching in senior high school. The intention of this paper is to explore the learning method of literature circles group discussion (LCGD) in the teaching of "Self-directed Learning of English Reading" course, and analyze whether the LCGD can effectively improve the English reading ability and the interest of senior high school students in extracurricular reading for assisting students to establish a self-directed learning mode of English reading. This study adopted a pre-experimental research method of single-group pre-test and post-test design. Two semesters of LCGD Teaching were used to guide the subjects, and the difference between the pre-test and post-test scores were used to understand whether LCGD can be improved senior high school students’ English reading ability and interest in reading English books. Interviews were also conducted at the end of each semester to further explore students’ opinions and suggestions on the use of LCGD. The results indicated The LCGD cannot improve the learning abilities in a short period of time, but students believe LCGD can bring a sense of learning achievement and promote reading interest, and there is a significant difference in the pre-test and post-test results. Finally, according to the research results, some suggestions for English reading teaching are put forward.

The research of library and information science scholars is precious in this discipline. Apart from promoting the refinement and reflection of the discipline, it helps scholars to examine the humanistic values of the discipline and to achieve the return of humanistic rationality. This paper begins with a review of Qian Ya-xin’s past studies and proposes the general approaches and methods for the investigation of pioneering scholars in library and information science. Firstly, exploring library and information science scholars should place emphasis on the collection and organization of a variety of primary materials. Secondly, scholars should develop their studies step by step. Finally, scholars could achieve self-growth and spiritual inheritance by having “dialogue” across time and space with pioneering scholars in library and information science.

As the core of the national administration, the resolutions of the Executive Yuan Session are the basis for the subsequent actions of other executive authorities at all levels, and the relevant written records not only serve as the basis for the overall administration of the country, but are also important for the continuous development of the records of the past sessions, which are a reflection of the trajectory of the national development. In view of this, this study focuses on the Executive Yuan Session’s Minutes of the National Government (國民政府), and explores the functions, rules, and roles of Executive Yuan Session and the contents, structure, and characteristics of Executive Yuan Session’s Minutes through documentary crawling and collation. This paper also discusses the editions, current conditions, and value of the Executive Yuan Session’s Minutes held by National Archives Administration, National Development Council (NAA), and serves as a reference for the relevant institutions and subsequent research.(Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)

A series of debates about health, ecology, and livestock production have been erupted in Taiwanese society since August 2020, following a decision by Taiwan’s government to allow the importation of pork containing ractopamine from the United States. It becomes necessary to understand how the academic research results on ractopamine have been quoted and interpreted as the basis for discussing the debates. In this systematic review of literature along with bibliometrics, we designed a coding scheme for judging the positive and negative effects of ractopamine on health and ecology reported in the academic papers. A total of 511 articles were found in the Scopus between 2000 and 2020. According to the literature review, human health and ecological concerns are not the focus of mainstream academia. The analyses reveal that the positions of academic communities are obviously divided and lack consensus on the health and ecological stance of ractopamine. The mutual use of systematic literature review and bibliometrics can effectively explore the research characteristics of a huge amount of academic literature with limited time and research manpower, create a common knowledge base for stakeholders, and practice low-cost democratic participation in science and technology issues. This research suggests that for any controversial and risk-related technology policies, or in the early stages of policy discussion, a large-scale academic literature review should be conducted by a third-party organization in order to achieve transparent governance.(Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)

This study explored the reuse of existing quantitative data in original social sciences research in Taiwan. Using the 2015 TSSCI List as the basis of journal selection, this study focused on 57 journals listed under the subject divisions of economics, political science, sociology, education, and psychology. Journal issues published between 2001 and 2015 were manually scanned to identify data reuse papers. The characteristics of the reuse papers and the cited data were recorded for the subsequent subject division-level and subject discipline-level analyses. A total of 1,484 reuse papers were identified, which accounted for 17.38% of the total empirical study papers. Among the five subject divisions, economics and political science had the highest percentages of data reuse, while psychology had the lowest. Those reuse papers together cited 2,990 datasets. Most of the datasets were used in economics and political science papers. Further, these two subject divisions had noticeably larger proportions of papers that use more than one dataset. In contrast, papers using only one dataset were the majority for the rest. In regards to data source and data type, datasets originated from government agencies as well as data generated from business operations accounted for the majority of the cited data, but significant differences existed among those subjects. As opposed to the frequently used business and series survey data, data generated from independent research projects as well as data that were non-continuous and one-time in nature were rarely reused in social sciences research. Based on the study findings, it is recommended that data services for social sciences research should focus more on large-scaled continuous data generated from governments and research institutions. A service mechanism that bridges users and data providers from public and private sectors would also enhance data reuse and increase the value of existing data.

This paper describes the results of a survey of possibly predatory open access journals. Based on Jeffrey Beall’s compilations of predatory publishers and standalone journals, the study identified 891 publishers and 7,726 journals with content at the end of January 2015, of which 1,989 journals were published by twelve mega publishers that had published over one hundred journal titles. The distributions of all journals versus journals from the mega publishers by paper quantity, journal debut year/journal age, and subject were systematically examined and compared. It was found that, at the time of this study, nearly half of the publishers had only one non-empty journal. Nearly 2/3 of the 7,726 non-empty journals had published only 50 or less papers, and half of them were debuted within two years. As high as 90% of the journals targeted science, technology, and medicine (STM), and the three domains had roughly equal shares of the journals. A sample of 11,419 articles was further drawn from the journals with more than 100 papers and those with 10 or less papers. The analysis of the first authors showed that India, United States and Nigeria were the top three contributors to suspicious journals; they together constituted approximately 50% of the sample.

The Social Book Search (SBS) Lab is part of Conference and Labs of the Evaluation Forum(CLEF) lab series, which provides query topics on book suggestion in natural language.Participant teams have to build systems that can make suggestions out of 2.8 million books.This paper reports how the CYUT team attends the SBS track from 2013 to 2016. Our system isbased on keyword searching and ranking by social features. We also design a query expansionmodule which is based on word2vec, a word embedding toolkit. The new module helps oursystem to get better performance in suggestion track. This paper reports the progression of oursystem.

This paper describes the development and applications of the three-dimensional printing (3D printing) technology. It first introduces the basics and the history of 3D printing, followed by an overview of six currently popular 3D printing methods, i.e., stereolithography apparatus (SLA), digital light processing (DLP), selective laser sintering (SLS), laminated object manufacturing (LOM), fused deposition modeling (FDM), and powder bed and inkjet head 3D printing. It goes on to describe the commercial and library applications of 3D printing. Specifically, the concept of makerspace and the potentials of 3D printing are mentioned in different types of libraries. Finally, the limitations and challenges of 3D printing including its impact on the environment and industries, ethical issues, intellectual property rights in library service, as well as the training and consultation needs of library patrons are discussed in the paper.

The idea of a Living Library was initiated in Denmark in 2000. It is an innovative method designed to promote dialogues, soften prejudices and encourage understanding. Today, it is widely applied around the world. This paper introduces the meanings and characteristics of a Living Library, such as redefinition of the library collection, elaboration of flipping library service, transmission of tacit knowledge, and reinforcement of social cohesion, etc. In the paper, there are three examples given to elucidate the effects of Living Library. Finally, it provides some suggestions for future services.

This paper analysed the value creation activities of cultural and creative products developed from cultural heritage. It employed the case study methodology to examine two collaboration projects between the Bright Ideas Design, Co. Ltd. and National Palace Museum. A framework was developed based on the review of the relevant literature on cultural products, value creation and digital content. Research data included information obtained from semi-structured interviews and secondary sources. The findings suggest that there are two stages and two dimensions in the value creation activities of culture-creative products. The stages include the generation of design ideas as well as the substantiation of creativity. In each stage, the designers must take the dimensions of symbol instantiation as well as user experiences into account. In the first stage of idea generation, the key points were the decoding and extraction of cultural symbols, which were then turned into designs that trigger new experiences. In the second stage of substantiation of creativity, the major tasks were the reshaping of the cultural symbols and the integration of the transformed symbols into design that meets expected experiences. The collaboration projects have produced trifold effects which addressed cross the gaps caused by different generations, forms and cultures. The analysis and the findings of this paper may shed lights on the future cultural and creative productions between memory organizations and collaborating designers. (Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)

This paper discusses drawbacks of the percentile rank method for citation impact normalization which have hitherto been neglected in the bibliometrics literature. The transformation of citation counts to percentile ranks changes ratio scale data into ordinal scale data, for which the notions of the ratio between two values and of the magnitude of a difference between two values are not defined – a substantial loss of information. This distorts citation data particularly severely because the differences between citation counts adjacent in order in publication sets are greater for more highly cited publications and because highly cited publications are more scarce than non-highly cited ones. Moreover, arithmetic operations on ordinal scale data are not meaningful, which rules out arithmetic aggregations such as sums or averages for percentile rank data which are sometimes recommended in the literature. Distortion of citation data by aggregating percentile ranks for average impact indicators is demonstrated with several examples.

In recent years, many university libraries have begun to develop scholar repositories or academic hubs that can present institutional research results from an author’s perspective instead of the perspective of articles used in the most current institutional repository systems. Accordingly, National Chengchi University Library reshaped the original institutional repository system as an integrated platform called NCCU Academic Hub with a broader range of researcher information, multiple and visualized functions, and an author’s perspective on researcher information for more effectively spreading academic research outcomes. In order to understand the user behavior of this platform, this study used xAPI to record the users’ operation historical processes, and through user behavior analysis, we hope to understand the behavior characteristics and behavior transfer patterns of users in general, users in different regions, and users with high or low download frequency of papers. The analysis is valuable for understanding how users operate the platform, how to improve the service model of this platform, and how to optimize the web pages and functional design of this platform.

A bibliographic annotation (tiyao提要) is a brief description of the author and content of a bookas well as a comment on, or a critique of, the book. The Siku Quanshu Zongmu (四庫全書總目) has long been viewed as a model of the traditional Chinese annotated bibliography and its bibliographic annotations have been praised by many scholars. It is suggested that these annotations can be used as examples for learning how to write bibliographic annotations. The compilation of the Siku Quanshu Zongmu went through three stages: (1) individual draft annotations (分纂稿) written by various scholars, (2) front annotations (書前提要) revised andmodified by the officials of the Siku Quanshu Project, and (3) finalized annotations (總目提要)mainly edited and compiled by Ji Yun (紀昀). Initially, the Siku Quanshu had seven written copies and there were seven sets of front annotations. They were housed separately in the seven chambers that Qianlong Emperor (乾隆, r. 1736-1795) built to store the Siku Quanshu. Currently, only three of the seven sets are intact and extant, including Wenyuange (文淵閣), Wensuge (文溯閣), and Wenjinge (文津閣). This study attempts to conduct a collation project of the three versions of front annotations. We chose 365 pieces of front annotations from the aforementioned three sets, respectively. The result scorroborate that there exist variations and differences among the three sets of front annotations. This paper presents three examples to illustrate how the collation task was done. Since these annotations were transcribed manually, it is quite common to notice that the three sets might use variant forms for the same character. The descriptions of author, title, or number of volumes might be different as well. In particular, the annotation for the same book might be different slightly or significantly among the three sets. This paper is a summary report of the preliminary findings of the collation task. (Article content in Chinese with English extended abstract)