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Studies were carried out on the action of sulfachlorpyrisine-Na (ESB3) on the endogenic development of Eimeria tenella in the case of experimental infection in birds. Most sensitive to the preparation were the endogenic forms between the 48 h and the 72 nd following the act of infection. Given to birds on the day of infection and 24 hours later it produced no harmful effect on the further endogenic development of E. tenella. When the preparation was applied at the 72 nd hour it led to the degeneration of most of the II generation schizonts and inhibited their further development. As a result no oocysts were found in the feces of birds up to the 10 th-11 th day after infection. When applied at the 92 nd and the 120 th hour sulfachlorpyrisine-Na interfered with the development of the already finite forms of gametogony without concurrent degenerative effects.

The incision of the soft tissues is an approbated method for the surgical treatment of the acute odontogenic osteomyelitis of the lower jaw and for the chronic--the sequestrectomy after the complete detachment of the sequestra. In the paper the authors share their experience in the surgical treatment of acute osteomyelitis and chronic odontogenic osteomyelitis as early as the phase of demarcation of the sequestra, with special attention paid to the extraoral drainage and local effect on the operated bone. In all other cases the operation wound in the oral cavity is sutured without drainage for healing by first intention. To some of the patients with developed acute osteomyelitis of the lower jaw, the authors applied the rarely practiced method of trephination of the bone, aiming at the reduction of the intraosseous pressure induced by the inflammatory process. Thirty nine patients have been treated according to the methods described and the results so far are a good evidence for their recommendation for the practice.

The quantity of the main lipid classes in hepatic tissue has been determined via thin layer chromatography on silica gel, the tissue obtained by blind hepatic biopsy in 20 patients with diabetes mellitus and obesity and in a control group of 5 patients with no hepatic disease. A considerable increase of lipid in liver was established in the patients with diabetes mellitus and obesity-the fraction of neutral lipids mainly. The fatty infiltration of liver in diabetics was accompanied by a considerable increase of triglyceride concentration--3,78 g/100 g wet body mass as compared with the controls--0,95 g/100 g wet body mass. Increased concentration of esters and cholesterol (80%) was established in the liver of the patients with diabetes and obesity as well as increased fraction of free fatty acids (230%). The concentrations of total phospholipids and free cholesterol in liver in both groups of patients proved to be rather close. The fatty infiltration of liver of diabetics with obesity was accompanied by marked increase of percentage content of triglycerides--from 17.3% in the control group to 42.1% from the total lipids in the patients with diabetes and obesity. Reverse alterations were established for the fraction of total phospholipids. Pronounced increase of the coefficient triglycerides/total phospholipids was established in case of diabetes and obesity.

The dynamics of the enzyme gamma-glutamyltransferase (gamma GT) was followed up in 34 patients: 17 patients with liver cirrhosis, 9 patients with chronic hepatitis and 8 patients with liver steatosis. In the patients with alcoholic cirrhosis the activity of gamma GT rapidly fell in hospital conditions which is related to the forced abstinence. In the cirrhotic patients with nonalcoholic etiology no changes in gamma GT activity were found. In the patients with chronic hepatitis and liver steatosis with alcoholic etiology the gamma GT activity resembled that of alcoholic cirrhotic patients. The gamma GT activity fell most sharply in the patients with liver steatosis which is explained by the mild and reversible liver lesions characteristic for this disease. The mean erythrocyte volume determined by electronic blood cell counter shows a tendency toward macrocytosis in all chronic alcoholic patients. Macrocytosis is also found by ordinary microscopic examination of the blood cells.

The author established chronic perihepatitis, via laparoscopy, in 61.6 percent of the investigated 350 patients in the course of 12 years. Describing the most characteristic mascoscopic varieties of chronic perihepatitis, the author groups them in seven separate form: I. Perihepatitis diffusa, corresponding to Zuckergussleber of Curschmann. II. Perihepatitis adhesiva and III. Perihepatitis circumscripta. The latter, on its part is subdivided to 5 separate forms of chronic perihepatitis: 1. Perihepatitis arachnoidealis, 2. Perihepatitis marginalis, 3. Perihepatitis areata et striata, 4. Perihepatitis miliaris disseminata, 5. Perihepatitis paravesicalis. That working laparoscopic classification contributes to the precise diagnostics and to the clinical interpretation of the separate forms of chronic perihepatitis. With the aid of lapraoscope the author performed a partial decapsulation of diffuse perihepatitis in 12 patients, without complications observed. Diffuse perihepatitis is, for the first time, described in patients with chronic hepatitis, in a patient with multiple liver abscesses and in one female-patient with peritoneal carcinosis and hemorrhagic ascites.

An operation method for total auriculoplastics in two stages is proposed. The skeleton of auricle is prepared of biologically compatible colourless plastics. It is worked at the laboratory from the mirror-image imprint of the sound one. The periphery of the skeleton is reduced with 2 mm and holes along the whole plane are made with a view to the sameness of both auricles. The thus prepared skeleton is subcutaneously implanted and orientated symmetrically to the sound auricle during the first stage. After four months the seconds stage is proceeded to when the skin had been accreted to the implant. The skin incision is made 1 cm outside the skeleton enabling the proper formation of the helix. The wound surface behind the auricle is covered with a skin flap.

A comparative study was carried out on the immunologic and antigenic properties of 8 strains of Babesia ovis isolated in 5 districts of the country. The immunologic capacity was tested through challenging with each of the strains in group of 4 weaned lambs that were preliminary vaccinated with one of the strains - Veliko Turnovo. Two nonvaccinated animals were included in each group, serving as controls. The strength of immunity was checked by both the temperature and the parasitic reaction as well as through the hematocrit and hemoglobin levels of the challenged lambs. With the exception of one spleen - ectomized animal in each group the vaccinated weaned lambs showed solid immunity against both the homogeneous and heterologic strains. The same result was confirmed also with an analogous biologic experiment with a total of 19870 sheep in 28 enzootic foci in the same 5 districts and in 2 other districts of the country. Cross serologic investigations by means of the complement - fixation test, the agar gel precipitation reaction and IRPA with homologous and heterologous antisera revealed identic or close antigenic properties in the tested strains. In is concluded that the Veliko Turnovo strain can be used to prepare a vaccine for the immunoprophylaxis of babesiasis in sheep in the investigated districts. In is also stated that the serologic reactions, and, more specifically, IRPA can be employed in the antigenic study and differentiation of individual Babesia ovis strains.

The author studied the clinical symptomatics of chronic perihepatitis, the diagnosis made laparoscopically in 163 patients with liver diseases. Ninety seven of them had pain and the sense of heaviness in the upper region of abdomen. The cause for those complaints in 33 patients (34,02%) was the chronic perihepatitis. In another 29 patients it was admitted a possible cause for the complaints. Therefore in 52 patients (53,61%), the complaints in the upper region of abdomen were due, most likely, to chronic perihepatitis. For the first time in literature, a systematic study on the clinical symptomatics of chronic perihepatitis is reported, an attempt made to explain the mechanism, causing its manifestation. According to the studies, besides Perihepatitis diffusa and Perihepatitis adhaesiva, Perihepatitis marginalis could also be the cause for complaints.

A bivalent vaccine, produced with strains Escherichia coli 078 and 0117 to control colibacteriosis in calves, was used to vaccinate experimentally 20 cows following up the agglutinin dynamics in the serum of calves born later on. It was found that the agglutinin titers of the 0 antibodies were lower than those of OK, and varied within the range of from 1:10 to 1:320, the titers of 1:20-1:40 values being prevalent. Highest level of titers was observed by the third day following birth. OK antibodies had titers that were 1-2 degrees higher, reaching their peak level as early as the 12-15 hour after birth. They persisted for a longer period in the blood serum of calves. The antibodies produced after vaccination were shown to be sensitive to 2-mercaptoethanol.

Studied was the immunizing capacity of Eimeria tenella oocysts, treated with gamma rays at the rate of 6000 R, in 10- and 20-day-old chickens. The oocysts sporulated after treatment. Applied at the rate of 50,000 R they showed lower virulence and were capable of inducing resistance to reinfection with nonirradiated oocysts at rates that were three times as much. Following reinfection some birds manifested subclinical coccidiosis but survived. This showed that the immunization with oocysts that had been irradiated with 6,000 R had its peculiar aspects.

The author reports his observation on three cases of coma hepaticum in viral hepatitis treated at the Internal Diseases Ward, Military Hospital, in the town of Asmara, Ethiopia. Parallelly with the usual hepatoprotective drugs and antibiotics, corticosteroids were administered as well as the preparation Reducdyn, containing homocysteine and cysteine-carriers of sulphhydryl groups. Complete restoration to health was achieved in two of the patients after three days in grave coma. The third patient was aroused from the comatose state for six hours but later had a lethal end on the eighth day post coma onset. According to the author, the combination of that preparation with corticosteroids is pathogenetically grounded and enables the administration of the latter in lower and safe doses. The author stresses upon the importance of early therapy in coma hepaticum.

Three experiments with a total of 15 855 test birds and 20,081 controls were carried out to study the epizootiologic effectiveness of the immunoprophylaxis of Marek's disease using Deptavac-HVT vaccine under productional conditions.

The immunity was studied against coccidiosis in birds that had preliminary been infected with Marek's disease. Results showed that birds infected with Marek's disease are unable to build up stable immunity against an oocyst infection of Eimeria tenella. The rate of mortality due to Marek's disease in birds infected with the virus of Marek's disease and additionally infected with oocysts of E. tenella was higher as compared with that in birds that were infected only with the virus of Marek's disease.

The author reviews the literature data concerning etiology pathogenesis, clinical picture, diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment of gonococcal perihepatitis or the so called syndrome of Fitz-Hugh--Curtis. A female patient is described with gonococcal perihepatitis, the diagnosis being retrospectively made by the author on the base of laparoscopy findings and clinical data. Perihepatal adhesions reminding "violin strings" as well as chronic salpingitis were established at laparoscopy 3 years after the acute gonoccal perihepatitis. At the second laparoscopy, 8 years later, the findings were the same. In that case -- two characteristics are present, not described in literature so far: 1. Periodic pain under the right hypochondriac region for 11 years, manifested immediately prior to or during the menstrual cycle. 2. The presence of chronic circumscribed peritonitis on the abdominal wall, proceeding from the right half of the true pelvis, irradiating upwards to the right liver lobe. The author thinks that those two characteristics are not isolated but on the contrary--they are mutually conditioned.

Comparative studies were carried out on the inhibitory effect of some oleoemulsions on the acute course of an experimental coccidial infection caused by Eimeria tenella. Such effect was demonstrated with the oral application of sporulated oocysts both with the complete and incomplete Freund's adjuvant and with oleum ricini and oleum helianthi in combination. The results of histopathologic investigations showed that the two types of Freund's adjuvant inhibited the rapid and joint excysting of a large number of oocysts. Inhibited was the invasion of sporozoits in the epithelial cells of the mucous membrane and thus the acute course of the coccidial infection caused by Eimeria tenella.