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Experiments were carried out with the preparation Nilsan (oxiclozanide + levamizal) in the treatment of sheep with Fasciola, Dictyocaulus, and Trichostrongylus infection. The trials involved a total of 2782 sheep on two sheep-breeding farms, constituting 15 flocks. The liveweight of the adult animals ranged from 40 to 60 kg, and that of the year-old female ones--from 40 to 45 kg. The daily ration on the two farms did not differ essentially from that offered to the animals in the past 2-3 years. It was found that at the rate of 22 to 28 cm3 per head Nilsan produced 76.67 to 96.67 percent effect against Paramphistomum infection, 100 percent effect against Dictyocaulus infection, 73.37 to 90.00 percent effect against Trichostrongylus infection, and 23.34 to 83.34 percent effect against Dicrocelium infection. The application of an ex tempore combination of oxiclozanide and levamizal to sheep at the rate of 24 cm3 per head produced 86.67 to 100 percent effect against Paramphistomum, 96.67 to 100 percent effect against Dictyocaulus, 86.67 to 96.67 percent effect against Trichostrongylus, and 46.67 to 86.67 percent effect against Dicrocelium. The experimental sheep produced 16.41 to 37.40 per cent more wool, 0.85 to 35.09 per cent more milk, and 8 to 12 per cent more weight gain.

Experimental studies were carried out on the pathogenesis of Paramphistomum infection of 58 weaned lambs, aged 4 to 12 months, infected with various numbers of adolescaria. The test animals were divided into 5 groups, each group having 2 subgroups. Most of the animals were given the infectious material only once, while some of them were infected three times at 30-day intervals. The animals of the fifth group were infected with 5,000 live worms each. Adolescaria were obtained from experimentally infected snails of the Galba truncatula species. The changes taking place in both the test and the control animals were followed up, concerning the total protein, protein fractions, hemoglobin, red and white blood picture, and the hematocrit values. The changes in the level of Ca, P, and serum enzymes were also studied. The liver, spleen, kidneys, adrenals, periportal and mesenterial lymph nodes duodenum, and small intestine were sampled for histopathologic investigation, the cross-sectioned material being stained with hematoxylin-eosin and after Mallory (for the demonstration of hyalin). The PAS test was used to demonstrate glycogen. It was found that reconstructive changes took place in the infected animals as judged by the changes in the blood picture and the protein fractions, most substantial of which were those concerning the gamma-globulin fractions which rose almost twice by the 90th day. Microscopically, there were degenerative changes in the parenchymal organs, the duodenum, and the rumen as well as considerable reticulo-histiocytic proliferation and eosinophilic infiltration, with nonreactive necrotic foci in the rumen.