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The use of phosphate-mobilizing and nitrogen-fixing bacteria can increase the productivity of spring triticale and its resistance to abiotic factors. Peculiarities of microbial preparations influence on yield formation was studied in 3 triticale cultivars. Seed treatment by Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus polymyxa had a different effect on elements of triticale productivity. Grain yield was increased on 7.2% in average by Azospirillim brasilense seed treatment and to 8.6% by Bacillus polymyxa. Their combined application gave 11.5% raise to grain yield. Positive effect of microbial preparations on number of productive shoots, grain weight per spike and thousand kernel weight was observed for traditional fertilization system (P36K72 + N80) and system without nitrogen application (P36K72). Correlation between elements of productivity showed differences between cultivars. Indicators of productive shoots and grain weight per spike had main effect on grain yield in all cultivars. Raising all elements of triticale performance has led to decrease in protein content for treated variant by Azospirillum brasilence and Bacillus polymyxa. Combined use this microbials allowed to keep protein content high while yield was increasing.

Wheat genus belongs to the main grain crops in Ukraine and in the world. An important element of its cultivation technology, which affects productivity, is the use of high yield varieties resistant to biotic and abiotic stressors. Therefore, the aim of a study was evaluation of polyethylene glycol-modeling drought stress adaptive responses of different varieties of wheat germs (Triticum aestivum and Triticum dicoccum) on such parameters as water shortages, relative water content, roots damage membranes and dehydrogenase activity and photosynthetic pigments content. Studied varieties of common bred wheat and emmer wheat presented resilience-anisohydric response maintaining high relative water content, increasing of root length / shoot length ratio and maintaining the ratio of photosynthetic pigments in response to drought with marked differences among the varieties. According to the result of the research Holikovska variety (Triticum dicoccum) is the most drought- resistant variety which makes it promising for use in breeding for drought tolerance. Because of resilience-anisohydric behaviour patterns might be the beneficial strategy for growing under drought stress conditions.