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This article aims to carry out an analysis of the new regulatory framework regarding medical devices derived from the approval and entry into force of Royal Decree 192/2023, on medical devices, which adapts and develops the European Union Regulation 2017/745, which meant a new paradigm shift in the European regulation of this matter. It is, therefore, a matter of carrying out a competence analysis and, likewise, of studying which novelties this manifestation of state regulatory power offers in comparison with the regulation provided for in the state regulations of 2009, also focusing on some enforcement problems and identifying possible solutions also.

The Act on Local Entities of Euskadi is, at its own wording says, an «institutional act» with a special nature as such which entails a special position within the Basque legal system. In this work, the content of that aforementioned act is analyzed from the point of view of the Good Governance, the political, legal and also institutional impacts by tackling in the end a scenario with the challenges of development of the Act by the different institutional actors.,

This work is and introduction to a study entitled ¿The brakes to power (separation of powers and control of the institutions in constitutional systems)¿ which will see the light soon. In this introduction it is directly suggested that two great conceptions of understanding the separation of powers exist. The first one, based on the idea of balance (or ¿check and balances¿) is of anglosaxon origin but it only became ingrained in the United States, whereas England did separate from that original model that it had supported. The second one has its origin in the French Revolution where a formal application of the principle of separation of powers took place, but that in the practice it always meant a control of one power over the others. The consequences of this different comprehension of the principle of separation of powers did project on the systems of institutional control, resulting in two great models, although with three variants. In this work the basic elements of this evolution are drawn by means of the role played by political parties in the design of the institutional system of controlling the power, the particular role that will achieve the constitutional jurisdiction across Europe as a mean of addressing the lacks and the multiplication of bodies of control and regulation as means (many times formal and not sufficient) of controlling the power.

The starting of the «New Court Office» after waiting good years, which has recently been specified by the recent entry into force of Act 13/2009, from November 3rd, about the reform of the procedural legislation for the introduction of a new court office, as well as the Organic Act 1/2009 complementary to the Act for the reform of the new procedural legislation which amends the Organic Act on the Judiciary Power. Nevertheless, all these reforms, belatedly introduced, run risk of not being a true progress within the process of innovation by the Spanish judiciary since an only or predominately procedural reform on the Court Office shows deep open problems of institutionalization and which had never been seriously solved. The governance of the Judiciary shows important deficits, the court district is strongly imbued by nineteenth century criteria and totally unadapted to the new social reality, and so it is the prevailing model of organization and management in order to face the requirements of a society such as the Spanish in the XXI century. All these burdens may conditionate the effective introduction of the New Court Office and to a certain extent to make non productive the normative, budgetary and organizative effort which the starting of this model implies. Only by a global and integral conception of the problems relating to Justice from the aforementioned threefold point of view (governance, court district and change in the management¿s paradigm) might allow the insertion of the New Court Office within a coherent model and with prospects of development in due time. But that calls for a new institutional version of the Justice in Spain in an economic and financial turmoil moment, with a fall in State tax revenues and the absolute failure of the necessary consensus among political forces as well as the growing lost of confidence by the citizenship in the institutions and the politicians that should preside over them. An enormously complex framework to pretend that these reforms could really mean a substantial change of model or, quite the contrary, that they might result in just concrete reforms that will accumulate ¿as it has usually happened¿ in a model which shows clear signals of institutional exhaustion and absolutely useless to tackle the needs of the Spanish society .

The civil servants¿ training has been subject of marginal attention. The aim of this study is to analyzse to what extent the passing of the Basic Statute for the Civil Servants and the instruments of innovation for the personal administration therein do really imply a change in the paradigm of understanding the civil servants¿ training. The policy on the civil servant¿s training has a transversal character and also an instrumental nature. This present work develops an integral study on the training within the framework of the change of paradigm which entails the EBEP for the management of human resources, by enhacing the importance training has in order to articulate selection policies, the professional career or the evalutaion of the performance of the public employment. Overcoming the current «outdated model» of training calls for considering it as a duty or responsibility by the civil servant.