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Copyright of Journal of Arts & Social Sciences (JASS) is the property of Sultan Qaboos University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objectives: This study focuses on the decision to disengage Jordan from the West Bank in July 1988. It addresses the pivotal moments of competition between the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) regarding the representation of the Palestinian people following the aftermath of the 1967 war, the events of September 1970, and the ramifications of the Rabat Summit in 1974. The study also elucidates the impact of the Palestinian uprising in 1987 on King Hussein's decision to reconsider the future of the West Bank Methodology: This study employed a descriptive historical approach, gathering material from original sources and analyzing along with presenting the information to the best extent possible. Results: The study concluded that the Palestinian Liberation Organization successfully pressured Jordan regarding the decision to disengage from the West Bank. Conclusion: The study found that the decision to disengage had significant social, economic, and administrative implications for the inhabitants of both the West Bank and Jordan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The analysis examines the repercussions of Operation "Al-Aqsa Flood" on the Palestinian internal front. This was studied through three axes: implications for the conflict with the Israeli occupation, repercussions on the Palestinian political culture, and repercussions on the Palestinians' orientations and the weights of the Palestinian powers The analysis concluded with a set of results, the most important of which are: This battle brought about a change in the view of the Palestinian-Israeli conflict as a conflict that cannot be jumped upon and that it is with a brutal military occupation that is 75 years old. It constituted a nuclear shift in the culture of resistance and the view on the enemy, his time, and his capabilities, which made the operation successful. The "Al-Aqsa Flood" shook Israel and broke its military and intelligence reputation. The operation also caused the development of the perception of the Hamas movement and its great relative weight in the Palestinian political system to the extent that it is a determining factor for the Palestinian future. It also succeeded in influencing Israel's ongoing strategy to reengineer Palestinian society in the West Bank, which was working to change the Palestinian thought in the conflict with the Israeli occupation towards relative coexistence by describing the prevailing resistance thought in the Gaza Strip as nihilistic and unproductive. However, the operation proved that the opposite is accurate and that the resistance in the Gaza Strip, Hamas, is the most capable of confronting the occupation, raising the Palestinian cause, and perhaps achieving the Palestinian goals of national liberation. On the other hand, the Al-Aqsa Flood operation energized international awareness of the Palestinian cause under the Israeli unjust military occupation for 75 years. It also shattered the Israeli ideology of cheap occupation, the self defense right, as Palestinians attacked Israel for no reason except terrorizing civilians. Many Israelis have come to know the reality of frustrating the Palestinian nation under occupation by Israeli soldiers and ignoring their fundamental rights as humans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of REMAH Journal is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2022, religious Zionism, which represents the Israeli far right, had reached power. This event was not sudden nor unexpected; rather, it reflects how deeply rooted this current is within the various political system institutions. A presence that is supported by the parliamentary base and various coalitions, aimed at realising the West Bank settlement project, transforming it from being a tool to support colonialism projects to be a key player in the political system. The far right succeeded in exploiting the institutions of this system to support settler goals. Recent pressures to impose changes in the Israeli judicial system and the structure of the institutions, reflect the change that is occurring within the entity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to examine the economic policies of Israeli governments towards Israeli settlements in the Palestinian territories occupied in 1967 within the framework of settler colonialism. It focuses on their role in promoting and expanding settlements to control the largest possible area of the West Bank since the right-wing's dominance in Israel, with Benjamin Netanyahu's return to the premiership in 2009 until now. The study claims that Israel employs various socio-economic policies tailored to the needs of the settler colonial project, differing from its policies within the Green Line. On one hand, Israeli governments adopt a neoliberal Zionist economic policy within the Green Line, while on the other hand, they adopt a specific socio-economic Zionist policy in the settlements. These specific socio-economic policies in the settlements are an integral part of the tools used to strengthen the settler colonial system in the West Bank. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Educational Psychological Studies (EPS) is the property of Refaad for Studies, Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study documents Palestinian construction problems in Area C of the West Bank (the Oslo Accords of 1993 divided the West Bank into three areas: A, B, and C) and the Israeli occupation policy against this construction. Israeli bases the study mainly on reports and international human rights organizations. The study considers the definition of Area C and its structure according to the Israeli vision of raising Palestinian citizens' problems. It provides data on the issue of lands, planning, building permits, the so-called "illegal" construction, and the ongoing evictions, demolitions, and displacement of Palestinian citizens there. The study explores the patterns of control and incitement carried out by the Israeli occupation against any new Palestinian construction or expansion, as the Israeli occupation authorities rarely allow issuing building permits in these areas. The occupation authorities encourage Jewish settlers who live in settlements surrounding Palestinian villages and towns to work as watchdogs to report any Palestinian construction in area C in reward of encouraging wages. The study reveals that Israel's policy against Area C and Palestinian construction violates General International Law and International Humanitarian Law. The study found many features of the expected Israeli behavior against these lands and their Palestinian citizens in the foreseeable future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of International Journal of Educational Psychological Studies (EPS) is the property of Refaad for Studies, Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Educational Psychological Studies (EPS) is the property of Refaad for Studies, Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Sharia & Law is the property of United Arab Emirates University, College of Law, Sharia & Law Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The recent agreements between the Zionist entity and the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain embodied a major breakthrough in the normalization course, especially since these agreements came at a time when the Arab world is suffering from unprecedented weakness, dispersion, turmoil and disorientation. Not to mention, internal Palestinian situation is still suffering from severe division and the absence of common denominators between the main parties on the Palestinian scene, all while the Palestinians, whether in Gaza or the West Bank are drowning in poverty, unemployment and suffering from poor conditions. This study sheds light on the "Abrahamic Accords" and the economic, political, social and security consequences of normalization on the Palestinian cause and the Gulf Cooperation Council. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to identify the effect of a proposed training program for the foundation course of the basic skills and body composition of the members of karate clubs in the governorate of Jenin – Palestine. The researchers used the experimental approach due to its suitability to the nature and objectives of the study. To achieve this, the study was conducted on a carefully chosen sample of karate clubs (the Talented Academy of Physical Fitness and self Defense, Arrabah Karate Club and Zababdeh Karate Club). The sample consisted of 50 members, 10 of those members were of exploratory sample, and the rest 40 members were considered as a basic sample that had been divided randomly into two groups. 20 members of experimental group and 20 members of control group. The researchers used Tanita DC-360 P to measure body components and in addition to a set of tests that measure basic skills. The training program was applied for a period of (10) weeks with (3) training sessions per week. Each training session took (60) minutes. In addition, the statistical packages program was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there were differences among the members of the experimental group between the pre and post measurements of body composition and basic skills. The results also indicated that there were no statistically significant differences between the members of the experimental and control groups in the post-measurement of body composition, while the results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the post-measurement of basic skills in karate, which came in favor of the members of the experimental group. The researchers recommended to the need to take account of the training program proposed by the coaches of karate clubs (kata) in the West Bank, especially in the training phase for basic karate skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The report discusses the general indications of the right camp's victory supporting the return of former Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu in the Israeli Knesset elections in early November 2022. It stresses the repercussions of this victory on the various files in the political arena, whether internally or at the level of the relationship with the Palestinians in the three arenas, the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and the territories occupied in 1948. The report considered that the results of the elections showed the division of Israeli society into three streams: the secular stream, the religious settlers stream, and the ultra-Orthodox stream. The report suggested that the next Israeli government would continue to implement policies of harassing Arabs in Israel, continuing displacement policies in the Negev, tolerating following up on crimes, and facilitating their occurrence within the Arab community. It is also to expand settlement activity and annexation of Palestinian private lands in the West Bank and expect the continuation of the blockade policy and rough dealings with the Gaza Strip. The report concluded that fundamental changes in Israeli foreign policy towards the Arab region, the Middle East, and the world are excluded. Instead, those changes were limited to Israeli internal affairs and the relationship of the official Israeli authorities with the American Jews of the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Omran for Social Sciences is the property of Arab Center for Research & Policy Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study aimed to clarify the importance Strategic planning for education and Recreational services in the Al-Qaf Valley Reserve to the population increase in the vicinity of the study area and the noticeable increase in the recreational and recreational movement in the study area, and thus the area cannot fulfill the increasing desires of the population in its current situation, This is as a result of the absence of prior strategic planning to meet the needs of the population, and therefore the decision-maker must intervene, as the study area enjoys an average location among the population centers, with a distinctive terrain and vegetation diversity, and a population size that represents a third of the population of the West Bank, and it is a crossroads of transportation routes, which has earned it recreational interest Recreational, and in order to achieve spatial and recreational development, the study showed that the region needs to serve restaurants by 89% from the point of view of officials of the Ministry of Tourism and respondents from among the region's pioneers, and about 98% of the respondents said that the region needs a car park, and about 80% reported the importance of security services, Thus, the study focused on meeting those desires through recreational geographical spatial planning for the region using remote sensing and geographic information systems and through field study, and one of the most important results of the study is the increase and development of recreational services provided in the Wadi Al-Qaf reserve, encouraging private investment in the recreational activity industry beside the public being One of the economic activities is to operate regular buses to transport hikers from the center of Hebron city to the reserve. Providing parking for cars and buses near the proposed park sites, and the stops are in colors or specific signs indicating that this place is for visitors, Establishing folk, folk and artistic festivals to celebrate national and religious holidays, and holding international exhibitions of folk and heritage arts, which encourages the recreational and cultural movement together. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Comparative legislation has concerned itself with an insurance mortgage contract, as one of the insurance contracts, which is important for developing confidence in the soul of the creditor, and it is created according to him in-kind right of dependence on a property owned by the debtor, which authorizes him to collect his debts from the price of this property after it is sold by public auction, ahead of other ordinary creditors, If the debtor is indebted with debt, but in the West Bank, the regulation of this contract is subject to the Law of the Status of Immovable Money in Insurance No. (46) for the year 1953 in effect since the Jordanian era, while many amendments were made to it in Jordan over the previous years. In practical problems T-facing implementation support to secure the debt regulator based on the insurance contract for the land registration Department, the study concluded the number of results and recommendations, the most important of which is the failure of Law No. 46 of 1953 to address many Among the problems related to the debt insurance bond and its implementation, whether from the authority overseeing its implementation, or the implications of its implementation for both parties and others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research paper aims to find the settlement strategy that the Israeli occupation uses to establish, build, and expand its network of settlements over time. This strategy is based on certain motives and uses certain mechanisms and means that were established through a set of plans and projects for the purpose of expropriating Palestinian land and displacing indigenous people. In addition, this strategy includes settling a large number of Israeli settlers on the land expropriated from the Palestinians. All this aims to help Israel achieve its settlement strategy and impose a new de facto situation. The research paper finds that the Israeli settlement policy is based on an already decided plan through which Israel attempts to dominate and control the strategically most important sites in the West Bank to serve its political, economic, and security interests. All this comes at the expense of the Palestinian population and its land. Therefore, the current study stresses the necessity of preparing a comprehensive strategy or plan to achieve sustainable development of the Palestinian lands in order to face dangers posed by the Israeli settlement expansion. It also encourages horizontal urban expansion of Palestinians instead of vertical urban expansion in order to confront Israeli expropriation and confiscation of Palestinian land. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hebron University Research Journal (Humanities) is the property of Hebron University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Global Journal of Economics & Business is the property of Refaad for Studies, Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of International Journal of Educational Psychological Studies (EPS) is the property of Refaad for Studies, Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aimed to verify the level of satisfaction of persons with disabilities with the tax exemptions provided to them, and the problem of the study is in the following question: What is the level of satisfaction of persons with disabilities with the tax exemptions provided to them? The researchers relies on the study hypotheses that there are no statistical differences in the level of satisfaction of persons with disabilities with the tax exemptions provided to them on the content of the study tool and according to its variables (gender, age, and educational qualification). To achieve the goal of this study, the researchers used a main method, which is the descriptive study, based on a questionnaire that prepared to collect information. The study population consisted of a group of persons with disabilities in the West Bank governorates, who number (44570) disabled. As for the sample, it was applied to the governorates of the West Bank, and it consisted of (180) persons with disabilities from the age of 18 years or more, and (178) of them were retrieved. This is what constituted the final sample of the study, as (0.4%) of the study population. This study reached to the following result: The level of satisfaction of persons with disabilities with the tax exemptions provided to them reach an arithmetic average of two study axes (56%). The most important recommendations recommended by the researchers: the necessity of working to increase tax awareness for persons with disabilities in order to know their rights and duties, they must work to reformulate tax laws and include the issue of persons with disabilities within the policy of the state, attention to integrating persons with disabilities in working life more, Because of its benefit to the handicapped and society, this study was conducted repeatedly to verify the level of satisfaction of persons with disabilities with the tax exemptions presented to them to ensure that these exemptions achieve the goal for which they were set for it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The attempt to anticipate the possibility of a Palestinian-Israeli confrontation in 2022 does not mean that the confrontations are halted or intermittent, as the West Bank is witnessing a permanent confrontation with the Israeli occupation army and armed Jewish settlers, which can be called "liquid resistance" due to its multiple forms, means, and presence throughout the West Bank. However, it is necessary to anticipate the occurrence of comprehensive confrontation, which means the transition of the Palestinian nation to this collective confrontation. This analysis answers the question of the prospects for possible confrontation between the Palestinians and Israelis in 2022 and its possible forms? Finally, this article analyzed the environment, opportunities, and challenges of such a possibility to occur. The analysis reached several conclusions; the most important is that the reality in the West Bank leads to the fact that the continuation of confrontations is inevitable, whether in the Palestinian refugees' camps, in Jerusalem, or the areas adjacent to Jewish settlements. The possibility of the current confrontation turning into a comprehensive one seems weak in many-objective and subjective conditions. Such a conclusion would be proper, similar to the previous uprisings in 1987 or 2000 or Seif Al-Quds in 2021. The analysis clarified that the Palestinian cause could not maintain the status quo, whether at the level of the internal national structure or the relationship with Israel. The analysis also stressed that the next confrontation is contingent on one of two central elements: the first is that the forces exploit the mass uprisings and provide them with the conditions for continuity and development so that the uprising itself becomes a compelling actor for the leadership to unite and formulate a general national political goal for the confrontation. Moreover, it should stand with a broad national front, including the forces able to drive the confrontation. Nonetheless, to include the rest of the components of the Palestinian people. Such an approach requires the Palestinian factions' agreement. The agreement should decide on the nature of this front, its mechanisms of action, and its program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of IUG Journal of Humanitarian Research is the property of Islamic University of Gaza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Omran for Social Sciences is the property of Arab Center for Research & Policy Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of IUG Journal of Sharia & Law Studies is the property of Islamic University of Gaza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Magazine of Historical Studies & Archaeology is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of REMAH Journal is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study aimed to examine post-traumatic stress disorder and the most effective coping methods for a sample of Palestinians after the Jerusalem Wall War (May 2021) and their relationship to the following variables: gender, age, educational level, social status and place of residence. The study followed the descriptive method in order to verify the formulated hypotheses. The study sample consisted of 590 subjects, 236 males and 354 females. A special website was built for this purpose and published after verifying the validity and reliability of the study tool on the study community through the official authorities. Data were collected from them during a period that lasted from 01/06/21-16/07/21. After collecting the data, an appropriate statistical processing was carried out according to the study questions to come up with the results and categorize them according to the answer for each paragraph. The following methods were used for this study: Measures of dispersion and central tendency, T. Test and Analysis of Variance Test. The results of the study showed a high rate of post-traumatic stress disorder by 66.6%, and there were statistically significant differences at the level of the total degree of the post-traumatic stress disorder scale according to the variable of place of residence in favor of Gaza. There were also no statistically significant differences at the level of the total degree of the post-traumatic stress disorder scale according to the age variable (less than 20 years, 20-40 years, 40-60 years, 60 years and over). The results also showed that individuals with primary educational level and below are more likely to suffer from posttraumatic stress disorder compared to their more educated peers in other groups. The results also showed a less flexibility among the Palestinians inland (living in Israel) in dealing with events and the ability to look to a better future compared to Palestinians in Gaza, the West Bank and Jerusalem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed at identifying the volume of smuggled fuels and its impact on the Palestinian treasury, as well as identifying the reasons for the spread of this phenomenon in addition to identifying the volume of revenues collected to the Palestinian treasury from the fuel tax during the study period. Simple linearity and the use of Excel program to unpack and process financial data related to the Palestinian treasury revenues, in addition to forecasting the value of smuggled fuel and its impact on the Palestinian treasury, a MIMIC model. The results of the study indicated that there are large quantities of smuggled fuel entering the Palestinian territories, which led to the depletion and deprivation of the Palestinian treasury of hundreds of millions of Dollar of revenues, and a conclusion was reached that there is an inverse relationship between smuggled fuel and treasury revenues. In light of the results of the study, the researcher recommended the necessity of reconsidering the fuel stations located in the governorates of the West Bank and the need to search for other sources to finance the Palestinian treasury in addition to relying on fuel revenues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Global Journal of Economics & Business is the property of Refaad for Studies, Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of IUG Journal of Humanitarian Research is the property of Islamic University of Gaza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Larq Journal for Philosophy, Linguistics & Social Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Global Journal of Economics & Business is the property of Refaad for Studies, Research & Development and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Al Malweah for Archaeological & Historical Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of REMAH Journal is the property of Research & Development of Human Recourses Center (REMAH) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aimed to analyze murder in the West Bank for the year 2017 according to some characteristics of the offender related to age group, gender, and nature of work. The researcher used a descriptive method in analyzing the data issued by the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics and the Palestinian Police. The researcher found many results, the most prominent of which is that the age group most responsible for murder is the youth category. Men are more likely to commit murder in the West Bank by almost ten times than women. The unemployed are more responsible for murder than others. The highest percentage of employed perpetrators is from workmen. The study recommended the necessity of relying on the official statistics to develop sound policies. The study also recommended educating young people about the dangers of crime, in addition to the need to activate death penalty for murder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Idafat : Arab Journal of Sociology is the property of Centre for Arab Unity Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Larq Journal for Philosophy, Linguistics & Social Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aimed at identifying the role of team and individual sports courses in improving life skills for students of Physical Education at the Arab American University- Palestine. The study identified the different levels of life skills amongst students according to their gender, course type, educational level and place of residence. The researcher used a descriptive approach of survey methods to achieve the goals of the study. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 200 male and female students who study team and individual sports courses. The randomly chosen sample makes 32.5% of the whole population. The researcher then used the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for data analysis. The study showed that team and individual sports courses play an important role in students' acquisition of life skills, with a mean of (3.4 ± 0.33). The study also showed that variables of gender, course type (team vs. individual sports), and place of residence (students from the West Bank vs. students from the Palestinian lands occupied in 1948) had no statistically significant role in the correlation between life skills and teams and individual sports courses. It also showed that the year of study has no significance for 1st, 2nd, and 3rd year students, whereas the relationship between sports courses and life skills is maximized in the case of 4th year students. The researcher, as such, recommends giving more attention to the relationship between team and individual sports courses and life skills such as problem-solving, creative thinking, decision-making, and communication and leadership, especially for junior students. Students are encouraged to take these courses more seriously as these courses are important in improving their life skills . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Anbar University for Law & Political Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Rouya Turkiyyah is the property of Insight Turkey and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study connects with the issue of protecting those charged with income tax in Palestine, whether in the Income Tax Law No. (17) for the year 2004 that is actually applied in the Gaza Strip, or the decision of Law No. (8) for the year 2011 applied in the West Bank. The study relied on the comparative approach based on the analysis of legislative positions regulating the judicial protection of the taxpayers, and it shows the legislative variation in the level of protection provided to them by the Palestinian legislator and other legislators. The study also shows the extent of achieving the required balance between the two parties of the tax relationship, whether the balance is in the stage of objection Administrative or in the stage of judicial appeal, as this has a direct impact on raising the level of tax compliance and reducing levels of tax evasion. The study concluded a number of results, the most important of which are that the Palestinian legislator did not provide adequate protection for the taxpayer, and the balance between the two sides of the tax relationship was not achieved. It also ended with a number of recommendations, the most important of which are: the necessity of making the necessary legislative amendment to rebuild the tax judiciary system so that: a formation of a tax court of general jurisdiction, the formation of a tax appeal court, the formation of a tax prosecution, and the rehabilitation of the courts and the tax prosecution office to consider all tax aspects, are criminal Or legal or administrative, with staff sufficiently qualified to carry out this role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The announcement of the Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of his plan to annex the Jordan Valley and settlements in the West Bank in coordination with the US administration is a continuation of Israeli efforts to annex Palestinians lands which it occupied in 1967, affirming its sovereignty over these lands and declaring them part of Israel. It also comes in harmony with the US “Peace Plan”, which was declared by Trump in January, 29, 2020, and which proposes the annexation of 30 percent of the occupied West Bank to Israeli sovereignty. Israel is preparing new maps to include lands it intends to annex to become an integral part of the (State of Israel), jointly with the Americans. Annexation is expected to include 30 – 45 percent of West Bank territory during this stage, which will have major repercussions on the Palestinian Issue and the Arab-Israeli conflict. This report discusses the impact of annexing large parts of the West Bank on the Israeli, Jordanian and Palestinian levels. On the Palestinian level, the annexation project misses the opportunity of establishing a viable contiguous Palestinian state; it also ends the course of Oslo negotiations or any relative agreements, which weakens the Palestinian authority and limits its role to a civil local administration for certain parts of the West Bank. On the Jordanian level, the annexation is a blow to the Jordanian policy towards the Palestinian Issue. This step violates the Jordanian – Israeli peace treaty and threatens Jordan’s higher interests; Jordan considers the annexation of the Jordan Valley as a security and strategic threat. On the Israeli level, the Israeli prime minister, sees the annexation as a historical expansionary opportunity for Israel and to drag the Palestinians into more concessions by putting new basis and conditions to resume future negotiations with the Palestinians. Annexation has negative impact on Israel, for it weakens Israel’s international position, highlights it as an “Apartheid” regime, threatens peace treaties and weakens regional peace. The report comes to a number of indications summed up by the annexation polices for Palestinian territory in the American “Peace Plan”; these include, Israel is moving on with its old colonial Zionist project in the region; it seeks to unilaterally liquidate the Palestinian issue; the majority of Israeli political spectrum favors extremist right wing policies causing the Israeli society to move towards the extreme right, which threatens the Arab national security and that of other countries. The Israeli rapprochement with certain Arab regimes and calls for normalization during past years didn’t push Israel towards peace, but rather towards more extremist policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research tackles the issue of delisting the registered trademark from the trademarks book in accordance with the provisions of the Jordanian Trademark Law No. 33 of 1952 in force in the West Bank and the Palestinian Draft Law for the Protection of Industrial Property (of 2012). Besides, the research will look at Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property of 1883 & the Agreement On Trade- Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (Trips) of 1994. The delisting of a registered trademark is of particular importance considering the legal consequences. As such the delisting itself may be terminate any right to its ‘owner’ and it will become free property so that others will be able to use it and or register it as their own. There are different reasons behind trademark delisting, and there are many people who can request such delisting. In addition, there are several parties who can decide that delisting. A registered mark shall be delisted if, subsequent to its registration, it is found that it has lost any of the substantive or formal requirement that must be satisfied for the validity of such registration. It can also be delisted based on a request from its owner. When it comes to those who have the right to request cancellation of the registered trademark are either their owners or third parties with an interest in such delisting. Worth noting that the registrar of the trade mark is the one who has the right to decide such delisting either on his own initiative, on the basis of the powers conferred on him by the law, or pursuant to a judicial ruling issued by the High Court of Justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aimed to investigate the justification for courses description and educational plans reformation in the colleges of education in the Palestinian universities in the West Bank .This research also aims to develop a special plan for the plans , course description reformation process to apply it in West Bank universities, To achieve the research objectives, data have been collected after reviewing educational literature , colleges of education plans, Course Description, and the educational programs in each of (Bir Zeit University, Hebron University, Bethlehem University, Alnjah University), An observation checklist that includes eight domains has been prepared to analyze the courses plans . The analysis process has been done in similar way shared between the four universities ,taking into account that (6) courses between universities are different, the number of courses that were analyzed (24) courses The results of the research revealed the justifications for the proposal conceived for courses description , educational plans reformation. This research clarify the fundamental principles for reforming courses description and courses plans. In light of these results recommendations have been presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to evaluate the field training references in the field of social work and link them to the general practice of the profession in its various fields in order to develop and update the field training references. The researchers used the social survey method in the available sample method. The sample of the study consisted of the following: (1) al-Quds Open University students of social work specialization in the West Bank branches in various field training courses; (2) social workers working in social institutions, who supervise the field training students; and, (3) faculty members supervising the field training courses at the Faculty of Social Development at al-Quds Open University in all branches of the West Bank. The study sample consisted of 326 individuals divided as follows, 32 faculty members, 192 students of social work, and 102 social workers. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researchers developed two tools. The first is a «questionnaire» to evaluate the references for field training at al-Quds Open University divided into four training courses. A questionnaire was prepared for each training course addressed to both students and faculty members supervising the field training courses and social workers. The second is a question guide for focus groups for each training manual. The results of the study showed that the degree of evaluation of faculty members, social workers, and field students for the field training references in the four social work is «high». The mean of the Field Training Manual 1 was 3.3424, the Field Training Manual 2 was 3.3398, while the Field Training Manual 3 was 3.4210, and the Field Training Manual 4 was 3.2796. Staff members, social workers, and students made several observations and recommendations on each of the four references. Most notably, the manual did not include a mechanism and the appropriate way to write the report in the field training manual 1. Regarding the field guide 2. Finally, they recommended that the field training manual 4 include model reports, which would improve the students› writing of the reports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As some are talking about „clean occupation‟ and the low cost of the Israeli occupation, it has become necessary to look for the causes. The problem has repercussions to the future of the Palestinian issue by gradually consolidating the occupation and its policies in the Palestinian territories. It makes it useless to discuss future solutions, whether with regard to settlement or the shrinking role of the Palestinian Authority in the West Bank. The first cause is associated with the Palestinian level. Examples may be seen in the restrictions imposed by the Oslo agreement items on the resistance, the unplanned Palestinian political and economic policies and the national divide. Consequently, Israel was able to thrive and target all the Palestinian parties, in both the Gaza Strip and the West Bank. At the Arab level, the Arab Spring resulted in worse dictatorships, which seek the US satisfaction and the persistence of their regimes. Moreover, some countries are already busy with internal conflicts. Therefore, the Palestinian issue has lost the central states in the region as well as the attention of governments and peoples. At the international level, the right-wing parties‟ takeover in most world countries, especially in Europe and the US – led by Donald Trump‟s team – had a negative influence on the Palestinian issue. Therefore, the Palestinians need to agree on a unified cross-national programme to resist the occupation and hamper the Deal of the Century, which seeks to liquidate the Palestinian issue and its active powers. Then, a national strategy needs to be followed to restore the public political role and support the resistance, rather than the neo-liberal consumer economy. In addition, the official institutions and community powers and sectors must adopt a national policy which aims at the following: counter the occupation; release all the forms of resistance; disengage with the occupation in economic, political and security terms; launch external diplomacy; and cooperate with anti-Zionist movements. In any case, the target of the Palestinians in all such programmes should be putting an end to the occupation and settlements, completing the liberation and returning the refugees, but not co-existing with the occupation or accepting unfair compromises. As for the Arabs, the joint action should have a priority of supporting the Palestinian people‟s struggle and resistance as well as achieving and maintaining national reconciliation. They should also halt any contact with Israel without its commitment to the Palestinian rights, strive to lift the siege on the Palestinians and oppose the Deal of the Century – which aims at liquidating the Palestinian issue and consolidate the Israeli control – at the international level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Hebron University Research Journal (Humanities) is the property of Hebron University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)