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This study aimed to identify educational readiness and willingness of teachers affiliated to the Ministry of Education to use critical thinking in their teaching, in Saudi Arabia. To achieve the study objectives, the descriptive survey method was adopted, and a questionnaire was used to collect data from the study sample which consisted of (733) male and female teachers, randomly selected from education directorates of Makkah, Jeddah, Taif, Al-Baha, Asir, Jazan, and Najran. The questionnaire included three main dimensions;and after testing its validity, and reliability, it was administered to the sample. The study results showed that teachers’ educational readiness scored a high degree of awareness that would allow achieving the goal of teaching by using critical thinking in schools as a teaching strategy approved by the Ministry of Education. The teachers also showed their understanding of the characteristics, skills and educational effects of the application of the critical thinking strategy in schools. The study recommended conducting future studies on the challenges and advantages of applying the critical thinking strategy from the perspective of students and teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify the impact of integrating reciprocal teaching and science stations strategies in teaching science on developing some science hand skills among Eighth-grade female pupils in Thamar City. To achieve the study objectives, the descriptive analytical method and the quasi-experimental design of the two groups, with pre and post measurements, were used. The data collection tools included: a checklist for analyzing Unit 7 (Nutrition in Living Organisms), and unit 8 (The Relationship of what you eat to your Health) in the respective textbook; a checklist of science hand skills to be developed;and an observation sheet of theskills, coveringthree main skills: (carrying out scientific experiments correctly- designing and drawing shapes and illustrations correctlyfollowing safety rules in the laboratory). After testing the validity and reliability of the tools, and administering them to the study sample, a number of results were revealed. More specifically, there were statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the pupils of the experimental and control groups in the science hand skills, attributed to the experimental group due to the integrative approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the Coolidge Test (2001) of Personality Disorders (SCATI) in the Moroccan socio-cultural context. To achieve this objective, the test was translated into Arabic and applied to a sample of 303 Moroccan adults، distributed according to gender to 57.1% females, 42.4% males. The findings revealed the high degree of validity and reliability of the SCATI test. The validity was determined using: (i) Internal consistency: all correlations were statistically significant and positive; (ii) discriminatory validity: The test overall score and all of its items' differences between the means of the two groups at the lower and upper ends were statistically significant. The reliability was determined using the following methods: (i) Cronbach's Alpha coefficient: the coefficients for all test dimensions were acceptable, and the coefficient for the test total score was high; (ii) Split-half reliability: the coefficients for all test dimensions were acceptable, and the coefficient for the test two halves as a whole was high. The study found no gender-related differences, except for two aspects in favor of women: schizoid personality disorder and narcissistic personality disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current research aims, firstly, at constructing a scale of skill learning difficulties in basketball for students of faculties and departments of physical education and sports sciences, and secondly, at Identifying the percentages of learning difficulties, the basic skills of basketball, for both male and female students. The researchers used the descriptive survey method. The research sample consisted of (540) male and female students, and the scale was used as a tool for research through the stages of construction by defining the axes and expressions of the scale and testing them logically and statistically through discrimination coefficients and internal consistency and then finding the scientific basis for the scale from the validity of two appearances and the validity of the content, and self-honesty as well as stability and statistical description of the scale. The researchers found percentages of learning difficulties for basic skills for both male and female students. It was recommended to adopt the scale in recognizing difficulties as well as benefiting the development of curricula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims at investigating the effect of the learning circle model on acquiring the fifth scientific grade female students' chemical concepts and developing their scientific thinking. The sample consisted of (60) students. It was distributed into two groups, (30) students for the experimental group in the Al-Talay'a preparatory school which was taught according to the learning circle model and (30) students for the control group in the Al-Andulus preparatory school which was taught according to the conventional method. Equating procedures were used to equalize the two groups in a number of nonexperimental variables. To apply the study, the researchers prepared the lesson plans for both groups of the research. To achieve the aims and test the hypotheses of the study, two tools have been required: an achievement test to measure the acquisition of chemical concepts and a test to measure scientific thinking. The achievement test was objective in the form of multiple choice and comprises (44) items. The validity of the test was examined and the content validity type was used for this purpose. The test was presented to a number of jurors and the (80%) percentage was used as a percentage for accepting the item and all items got the percentage and more. The second tool was a previously made test to measure scientific thinking which consisted of (20) items . After collecting and analyzing the data by using the T-test for two independent samples, at (0.05) level of significance, the results indicated that: -There is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of acquiring the chemical concepts for the experimental group and those of the control group for the benefit of the experimental group . -There is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of developing scientific thinking for the experimental group and those of the control group for the benefit of the experimental group . -There is a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of developing scientific thinking for the experimental group from the pretest to the posttest for the benefit of the posttest . In light of the results obtained, the researcher concluded that the learning circle model is effective in the acquisition of chemical concepts and the development of scientific thinking. Also, a number of recommendations and suggestions are put forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rural areas are always exposed to serious risks and damages, which shows the importance of risk management and forecasting. Resilience is an approach that can help improve rural areas and their response in the face of crisis. In this study, the aim is to identify and analyze the factors affecting the economic and social resilience of rural areas in the form of a case study in Kermanshah. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on data collection through the field approach. The data collection tool was a questionnaire. The structural and content validity of the questionnaire was approved and its reliability was also confirmed with a Cronbach's coefficient greater than 0.74. The statistical population of the research was formed by the heads of households in the villages with more than 100 households in the central part of Kermanshah city, which were a total of 2314 households. The sample size was determined through Cochran's formula, 330 household heads. The result of the test showed that the economic and social resilience of rural areas is significant at the level of less than 0.05 and according to the calculated average (2.386), their condition is evaluated as unfavorable. Among the 11 indicators of economic and social resilience, two indicators of damage with an average of 3.962, and then preparedness to deal with accidents among villagers with an average of 3.093 had an average status and the rest of the indicators were weak. Also, the results of the factor analysis confirm that the three factors of the prosperity of economic platforms and job creation, improvement of human and social capital, as well as the creation of facilities and income capacities, are the most influential factors in the resilience of rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Evaluating the quality of the performances of higher education centers is very important due to their important and effective role. Evaluating the quality of the performance of higher education centers leads to identifying strengths and weaknesses, as well as opportunities and factors hindering development, and the possibility of an appropriate planning for improving the situation are also provided. In order to continuously modify and improve the university system, it seems necessary to establish an appropriate performance evaluation mechanism through which the improvement of the entire university system can be considered in addition to improving and enhancing the scientific quality, and at the same time, which has arisen from the text of the university system and conforms to the characteristics of this system. In this research, considering the uncertain decision-making environment, a new evaluation model called Fuzzy Improved Input Efficiency Profiling - Common Weights Based on the Optimal Solution (FIIEP - CWBOS) has been proposed, which improves the performance of the classic input efficiency profile model. The results of this study showed that the proposed model has the necessary validity and optimal performance compared to other models presented so far. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the current research is to identify the effect of using Quasnir's segments in teaching mathematics on the achievement of female students Fourth grade of primary school, and to achieve the goal of the research, the researcher formulated the hypothesis: There is no statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the average achievement scores of the experimental group students (who study mathematics using Quasner’s cut-offs) and the average achievement scores of the control group students (who study the same subject in the same way). The current research was limited to fourth grade students in one of the schools in Maysan Governorate for the academic year (2018/2019), the researcher relied on the experimental design with two groups, experimental and the second control, and the number of sample members was (70) female students. By (35) female students for the experimental group and(35)female students for the control group. The two research groups were rewarded in several variables (preknowledge test in mathematics, chronological age calculated by month, previous achievement in mathematics. An achievement test of (20) items was prepared and the validity of the content was verified, and the Kewder-Richardon equation was used to calculate the stability of the achievement test and its value was (0.85), and the (t-test) was used) for two independent samples for data processing, and the researcher found a statistically significant difference at the significance level (0.05) between the mean scores of the experimental and control group and in favor of the experimental group in the achievement test, and accordingly the researcher made some recommendations and suggestions . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is a semi-experimental study that aims at measuring the impact of CANVA on the learning of ninth graders in a Jordanian school of HTML. 50 female ninth graders were randomly selected from 72 students in Aisha Bint Abi Baker school, and were distributed to two groups; control, which was taught traditionally, and experimental, which was taught with CANVA to learn HTML as a part of their computer curriculum. The researcher used a set of 20 multiple choice questions to test their knowledge achievement and skills. After checking the validity and reliability of the test. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the main scores between the members of the two groups for the benefit of the experimental group learning with CANVA, and that there were also statistically significant differences in the achievement of the members between the two groups in favor of the experimental group in both knowledge and skills categories. The researcher eventually recommended that CANVA should be used in teaching computer programming and to conduct further research for other grades and subjects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to determine the impact of strategic agility through its dimensions (strategic sensitivity, organizational capabilities, strategic responsiveness) as an independent variable in strategic success dimensions (survival in the field of business, adaptation, growth) as a dependent variable.The study population consisted of all managers in the social security corporation totaled of (350) respondents. The study was based on a questionnaire to collect the required information. Statistical analysis (SPSS) was adopted to answer the study’s questions and test the validity of the hypotheses. The study reached a set of results, the most important of which is the impact of strategic agility by its dimensions on strategic success of social security corporation. The study recommended that the social security corporation should pay attention to strategic agility because of its significant impact in achieving strategic success and endeavor to develop modern electronic means of communication to facilitate the opening of dialogue among workers through these channels, which are considered as a means to strengthen organizational capabilities and help the social security corporation in increasing its capacity. In addition, the social security corporation should adopt strategic thinking through its various programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The researchers dealt with a topic entitled "Differentiated activities; to develop spatial ability, and curiosity; among students with difficulties learning mathematics." They used Descriptive method to It was reviewed from the relevant educational literature - to a list of the dimensions of spatial ability, and it’s skills, and the experimental curriculum with its quasi)experimental design of one group, were counted with measurement: pre and post; To measure the impact of activities based on the principles of differentiated education in developing dimensions of spatial ability and curiosity; The students of the fourth grade of primary school with difficulties learning mathematics, and the research aimed to test the validity of two hypotheses emanating from the first four sub-hypotheses, and the researchers followed a set of procedures to answer the research questions represented in: First: preparing the research tools; (1) is a questionnaire to determine the dimensions of spatial ability and the skills associated with it, (2) is a test of spatial ability for fourth-grade students with difficulties learning mathematics, and (3) is the illustrated curiosity scale for Maw Maw, Second: Selection The research sample, and the application of the tools on them, third: the data collection and analysis that resulted from the previous procedures, and one of the most important results of the research is the high level of spatial ability skills among the students of the research sample, where the average scores of the students of the research group came in the dimensional measurement of the spatial ability test as a whole (14.13). Whereas in the pre-measurement it was (5.8), and the value of “t” between the two averages of (26.6) shows that the results came in favor of the post-measurement, and that the effect of the independent variable (discriminatory activities) in the dimensions of the spatial ability test as a whole was large; The value of the Eta square is (0.96) which is greater than (0.15), and therefore there is an effectiveness of the differential activities in developing the "spatial ability" as a whole. With regard to the curiosity scale, it was found that there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of the research sample, in the two measurements: pre, and dimensional; This is in favor of the average dimensional measurement; and a set of recommendations and proposed researches that could benefit those in charge of making social studies curricula and math, Nationalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to explain the element of evaluation in the online education and learning curriculum of technical and vocational centers. This research was applied and descriptive-survey method and is among the combined research. In the qualitative section, 20 knowledgeable professors and trainers were purposefully selected and interviewed in order to determine the optimal status of the evaluation element in the online education curriculum of technical and vocational centers. In the quantitative part of the research, the statistical population consists of two groups. The first group includes teachers and trainers teaching in the centers of Qazvin province and the second group includes trainees of technical and professional centers of the province. These individuals were selected by simple random sampling. For this section, a researcher-made questionnaire was used, the content validity of which was approved by expert. Its reliability was calculated based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient at 84.4. For data analysis in qualitative part, categorization method and in quantitative part, one-sample t-test, Friedman test, independent t-test and Levin test were used. From the respondents' point of view, the evaluation element in the curriculum in the desired situation should have the features that are presented about the evaluation element in four categories. The results of the quantitative section also showed that there is a significant difference between the views of teachers and trainees about the compatibility of the curriculum element in the current situation with the desired situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to reveal the effect of test items orderin estimating persons and items parameters using the five parameter logistic model, using the descriptive survey methodology. The study population consisted of all secondary students in the scientific stream in Ein Albash district, approximately their number (1940) male and female students. The study sample consisted of (580), (290) male and (290) female by using intentional sample. The study instrument consisted of three experimental models. The validity of the content, construction, criterion-related and reliability was verified by internal consistency. Results were obtained for matching individuals and items to the five parameter logistic model using matching indicators. persons, items and standard errors were parameter estimated in the classical test theory (difficulty, discrimination) and item response theory (difficulty, discrimination, guessing, Upper Asymptote and asymmetrical).Assumptions were achieved (unidimesionality, monotone homogeneity, item characteristic curve, test and item information function).The results in the classical test theory have found differences between the mean parameters (discrimination) of the two ways order logical difficulty and random difficulty, in the favor for logical difficulty. Also found differences between the mean parameters (difficulty in the classical test theory and discrimination in item response theory) of the two ways order (sequence of subject content and logical difficulty) on one hand and random on the other, in the favor for (sequence of subject content and logical difficulty). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to provide a reliable list with high reliability and validity indications to match the TIMSS International Study Standards for Science and Mathematics with the fourth-grade Cambridge mathematics’ curriculum in the Sultanate of Oman. The list consisted of 39 standards distributed over five domains (whole numbers, algebraic expressions, measurement, fractions, and geometry). A total of 616 (584 teachers, 32 supervisors) were given the list. The criteria were shown to be effective in measuring the list's domains and many indicators of validity, including face validity and construct validity. It also reached appropriate and high indications for the reliability of the list. The study recommended using the list to review the fourth-grade Cambridge mathematics curriculum in the Sultanate of Oman to judge its compatibility with TIMSS standards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims at standardizing and implementing test (Tomas Armstrong,2000) of multiple intelligences on the Kindergarten children in Sana'a city. The sample size is (320) their ages from (4-6) years. The sample is a stratified random sample. Results showed that the psychometric properties (validity, reliability, discrimination, difficulty, norms). Content validity and internal consistency were acceptable and criterion validity were estimated. Cronbach's Alpha of test dimensions were ranged between (0.71-0.83), also reliability coefficient calculation in Half Coefficient were ranged between (0.56- 0.84). Items difficulty were ranged between (0.39-0.86), Items discrimination were ranged between (0.24-0.84). The discriminatory power of the items is found to be high, together with the reliability and validity of the measure. The percentiles of the scale score were calculated in order to estimate that scale norms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to know (the effectiveness of Using Educational Scaffolding strategy in the` achieving the Third year intermediate female students` For The Biology ) There is no significant statistic difference at the level of (0.05) between the mean of students` scores of the experimental group who are taught Biology according to Scaffolding educational strategy and the mean of students` scores of the control group taught the same material but according to the traditional method in achievement test. The scholar chose the institute intermediatee school of ALkhansaa in mysan deliberately, she chose tow sections of 40 students who studied according to Scaffolding Learning, the second group consists of 40 students (female ) who studied according to Traditional method. Before Actual teaching,. The scholar detected the subjects which will be taught in the experiment. The scholarprepareatest in achievement of Biology includes question consists of 30 items, Choose between the brackets. The scholar make sure of the validity of the test . The test is applied to the students of two groups which lasts for ten weeks . At the end of experiment the after word achievement test is applied on the research sample. The result of this study shows that there is significant statistic difference between the two research groups in both achievement and in favour of the experimental group. The researcher has reached to many suggestion and recommendation . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent research aims to identify the effect fish bone shape Strategy on achievement and mathematical thinking and achievement of fourth primary grade female pupils, The sample of the research was limited by fourth primary grade female pupils of Al – Mutanabi girls, school – directed general of Masan, This school consists of three divisios sections, So section (A) were chosen to be the control group which were taught by the traditional method while section (C) were chosen to be the experimental group which were taught by fish bone shape Strategy, The sample contains (40) female pupil, so the experimental group consists of (20) female pupil and the control group also consists of (20) female pupil, The pretest of achievement test consisting of (20) items, And mathematical thinking domain(induction, expression by symbols, problem solution) consisting of (12) items, Which is divided to (8) objective items and (4) subjective items, The face validity and the content validity were verified, The (Alfa – cronbaghe) equation was used to calculate the reliability to thinking test and Kiodr equation 20 to achierement test, the researcher has user (t-test) to the two groups to treat The conclusion: 1 – The using of fish bone shape Strategy has an effect on the achievement of fourth primary grade female pupils 2 – The using of fish bone shape Strategy has an effect on mathematical thinking of fourth primary grade female pupils [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objective: The most important first step in promoting environmental performance is identifying and evaluating environmental behavior. In this regard the measuring tool is considered an environmental behavior questionnaire. Validity and reliability of the questionnaire before its application is essential. Thus this research was conducted with the aim of assessing the validity and reliability of questionnaires. Materials and Methods: The environmental behavior questionnaire containing 36 questions was designed using the literature review and expert panel opinions. Then, the validity of the questionnaire was assessed by content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR) and its reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha coefficient by 14 experts and 40 target groups. Finally, data were analyzed by SPSS 20 software. Results: The results showed that the questionnaire with 36 items had CVI and CVR of 0.896 and 0.726, respectively, and 4 items should be excluded from the questionnaire due to non-compliance with content validity indices. The questionnaire exhibited high internal consistency and hence was acceptable owing to the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.85. Conclusion: The questionnaire was designed to evaluate environmental performance of citizens and can be cited in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to know (the effectiveness of Using Educational Scaffolding strategy in the` achieving the Third year intermediate female students' For The Biology ) There is no significant statistic difference at the level of (0.05) between the mean of students` scores of the experimental group who are taught Biology according to Scaffolding educational strategy and the mean of students` scores of the control group taught the same material but according to the traditional method in achievement test. The scholar chose the institute intermediate school of ALkhansaa in mysan deliberately, she chose tow sections of 40 students who studied according to Scaffolding Learning, the second group consists of 40 students (female ) who studied according to Traditional method. Before Actual teaching,. The scholar detected the subjects which will be taught in the experiment. The scholar prepare a test in achievement of Biology includes question consists of 30 items, Choose between the brackets. The scholar make sure of the validity of the test . The test is applied to the students of two groups which lasts for ten weeks . At the end of experiment the after word achievement test is applied on the research sample. The result of this study shows that there is significant statistic difference between the two research groups in both achievement and in favour of the experimental group. The researcher has reached to many suggestion and recommendation . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent research aims to identify the effect fish bone shape Strategy on achievement and mathematical thinking and achievement of fourth primary grade female pupils, The sample of the research was limited by fourth primary grade female pupils of Al – Mutanabi girls, school – directed general of Masan, This school consists of three divisios sections, So section (A) were chosen to be the control group which were taught by the traditional method while section (C) were chosen to be the experimental group which were taught by fish bone shape Strategy, The sample contains (40) female pupil, so the experimental group consists of (20) female pupil and the control group also consists of (20) female pupil, The pretest of achievement test consisting of (20) items, And mathematical thinking domain(induction, expression by symbols, problem solution) consisting of (12) items, Which is divided to (8) objective items and (4) subjective items, The face validity and the content validity were verified, The (Alfa – cronbaghe) equation was used to calculate the reliability to thinking test and Kiodr equation 20 to achierement test, the researcher has user (t-test) to the two groups to treat The conclusion: 1 – The using of fish bone shape Strategy has an effect on the achievement of fourth primary grade female pupils 2 – The using of fish bone shape Strategy has an effect on mathematical thinking of fourth primary grade female pupils [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to use the graded response model in estimating the psychometric properties of the career future anxiety scale among university students in the Sultanate of Oman. The population of the study consisted of students from Sultan Qaboos and Nizwa Universities (n=21,360). A random cluster sample of 524 students was selected. The results of this study demonstrated estimations of item discrimination parameters and thresholds of the scale items. Additionally, the findings also indicated that the scale had highly accepted psychometric properties; namely that the scale’s construct validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis. In addition, the study obtained the suitable cut points for classifying categories of Omani college students with career future anxiety based on raw scores and abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify the effect of using the blended learning in the teaching of the jurisprudence unit on the achievement of the 12th grade female students and their motivation to learn. The study sample consisted of 60 students divided into two groups (30 experimental and 30 control group). In order to achieve the aims of the study, a twenty question achievement test was conducted. The validity of its content was verified by presenting it to a group of arbitrators. The reliability coefficient was (0.71). Moreover, a learning motivation scale consists of 67 words was used. The validity of its content was verified by a group of arbitrators. The reliability coefficient was (0.86). The results of the study showed that there were statistically significant differences at the level of (0,05) between the mean scores of the experimental and control groups in the achievement test and the learning motivation measure in favor of the experimental group. The study recommended using the blended education in teaching Islamic education because of its effectiveness in the learning process. _____________________________________________________ [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this study is constructing a scale for measuring rural women's knowledge about caring and feeding hepatitis C patients in Gharbia governorate with acceptable indications of reliability, validity, and realistic of the scale. An initial list of 60 statement was prepared, which were supposed to measure rural women's knowledge about caring and feeding hepatitis C patients. In order to test face validity of the scale, the items of the scale were presented in its initial form to several number of 20 juries to determine the validity of each statement of the scale. These statements were decreased to be 48 statements through face validity. The scale was applied to a sample of 393 rural women in Gharbia governorate. The number of statements of the scale in its final form was 43. Frequencies, percentages, means, standard deviation, variance, Pearson's correlation coefficient, t test, and reliability and validity analyses tests were used for date analysis and presentation. Reliability coefficient (Cronbach's Alpha) was about 0.786, reliability coefficient according to Guttman Formula was 0.832, intrinsic validity coefficient was 0.887, and statistical validity coefficient was 0.954. Moreover, test findings show that the internal consistency was achieved by using Pearson's correlation coefficient, a high degree of discrimination as well as the homogeneity between the two halves of the scale were also achieved. The final version of the scale consists of 43 statements, represent the scale of rural women’s knowledge about caring and feeding hepatitis C patients in Gharbia governorate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current research aims to identify the level of metacognitive awareness and its relation with the level of students academic ambition at the university level through answering the following questions, The research is limited to scientific and humanity college level students in the University of Mosul for the academic year (2012-2013),The sample includes ( 744 ) students distributed,To achieve the goal of the research the researcher has constructed the following measurements, The validity of the scales has been fulfilled with regards to ( face validity, content validity, and construction validity )- The discriminability of items has been calculated been by using Alpha Kronbouk, and re- test of each Scale- The data have been statistically analyzed using (SPSS) and the results showed,There is no statistically significant difference in the level of metacognitive awmareneas of the subjects concerning the sex and academic specialization . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Open-mindedness is one of the most important yet least investigated factors, and one of the most controversial among the five factors of personality. The present study was designed to review the concept of Open-Mindedness, and examine its psychometric properties, measurements, correlation, and genders differences. This study used three independent samples with the total of (5753) undergraduates (male=2514 & female=3239) from Kuwait University students in order to assess reliability, construct validity (factorial validity & convergent & divergent validity), and gender differences. The alpha cronbach scale coefficient is ranged between 0.70 and 0.78 for males and between 0.65 to 0.87 for females. The explanatory factor analysis of NEO-PI-O extracts one factor, three factors from BFI-O, between 3-4 factors from IPIP-O, and 4-5 factors extracted from BFQ-O. A significant gender difference was reported in Open-mindedness, where females scored higher than males in NEO-PI-O, BFI-O & IPIP-O, while no significant gender differences were found in BFQ-O. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to identify the psychological effects of terrorism among Secondary school students both displaced and non-displaced . And determine its psychological effects of importance from their point of view. The research was applied to a sample consisting of (592) male and female students who were randomly selected from middle school stage (492) from the displaced students to Kirkuk governorate and (102) from the nondisplaced students from Mosul governorate. Preparing a tool for measuring the psychological effects of terrorism by the researcher The validity of the tool was verified by Face Validity and a statistical analysis was found for the measurement paragraphs, and Reliability was calculated by the method of Elfa Kronbach as it reached (91.52) using the statistical bag (spss) to find results that showed that the students suffer from psychological effects as a result of terrorism in addition to what most of the paragraphs indicated High of these psychological effects (such as loss of hope, fear and dispersion of ideas) in the research sample. It was also found that there were no statistically significant differences in the psychological effects of students according to the variable of displacement (displaced and nondisplaced). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chain businesses around the world are growing as the top and largest businesses, enriching all actors in the industry day by day. The present study seeks to provide a branding model for the acquisition of rural chain businesses in Iran. This research is applied and in terms of data collection method, it is mixed (qualitative-quantitative). In the qualitative part, semi-structured interviews, focus group and expert grouping were used and in the quantitative part, PLS software was used. In order to evaluate the reliability of the research measurement model, factor load coefficients, Cronbach's alpha coefficients and combined reliability, convergent validity and divergent validity were performed. The results show that the proposed model has 5 main dimensions: market stimulus, social context, growing infrastructure, value creation and business clusters. Components identified in the market stimulus dimension include: brand, market and customer, in the social context dimension include: communications, culture, in the growing infrastructure dimension including: strategy, law and capital, knowledge management, economic infrastructure and process management, in the value creation dimension. It has two components of entrepreneurial characteristics and entrepreneurial process, and in the dimension of business clusters, it also has two components of tourism and nrral areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research goal defines the effect of the PQ4R strategy on mathematical logical intelligence for second-graders middle school students, and to achieve the research goal, the researcher adopted the experimental research approach, as the experimental design was used for two equivalents groups with the post-test of mathematical logical intelligence, the experiment was applied to a sample of (70) students The experimental group (34) female students and the control group (36) female students from the second intermediate class in the middle (Al- Sham girls) for the academic year 2018-2019, the two groups were rewarded with variables (the previous mathematical knowledge test, the female student's age time calculated in months, the logical mathematical intelligence test The experiment requirements were determined by identifying the scientific subject and preparing the teaching plans, the research tool (Mathematical Logical Intelligence Test) was built, as the Mathematical Logical Intelligence Test consisted of (20) objective paragraphs, the validity of the test was verified and the test stability coefficient was acceptable, as was The treatment of difficulty, discrimination, and effectiveness of the wrong alternatives for the two test items was good, and the researcher taught the experimental group adopting the PQ4R strategy which is based on seven sequential steps (preliminary examination, asking questions, reading aloud, meditating, writing, reviewing), and studied the study group Duck according to the usual method of teaching, and after the end of the experiment the mathematical logical intelligence test was applied to each of the two groups (experimental and control), a number of appropriate statistical methods were used, including the (Kuder-Richardson 20) equation, the alpha-Kronbach equation, the T-test, and the coefficient Pearson correlation, and the following results were reache 1- There is a statistically significant difference at the level of significance (0.05) between the mean scores of female students of the experimental group and the degrees of students of the control group in the logical mathematical intelligence test and in favor of the experimental group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to identify the role of youth education in encouraging them towards vocational training courses. The researcher followed the analytical descriptive approach. To that end, he developed a 20- item questionnaire, covering three main domains: the level of youth knowledge on the nature of vocational training, the extent to which the youth encourages their colleagues to enroll in vocational training and the level of youth awareness about the status of vocational training graduates, both socially and professionally. After presenting the questionnaire to a number of referees to test its validity, the researcher produced an electronic form, using the Google Drive program, and posted it for ten days on the websites of An-Najah Career and Alumni Unit. This was in addition to other websites of interest. 159 participants of both sexes completed the questionnaire: 90 females and 69 males. In the analysis of collected data, the researcher used the frequencies, percentages, and the Chi-Square test. After data Analysis, it was found that the Palestinian youth had a good knowledge about the meaning of vocational training and centers of its achievement. However, it did not encourage young people to join them at the public or private levels. It also showed that the enrollment of young people in vocational training courses did not diminish their social status, and that graduates of training courses were welcomed to marry members of their local communities. The results also indicated that the graduates of vocational training courses did not get jobs quickly despite the needs of the local communities. The respondents also indicated that the number of graduates of vocational training courses was insufficient and that it was difficult to communicate with them to meet their needs .In light of the results of this study, several recommendations have been suggested. First, there is a need for the design of a detailed electronic map of the sites of the vocational training centers in the governorates, and providing easy access to the database. Second, there is a need to establish a special association for graduates of vocational training courses. Third, there is a need to design tests to identify vocational tendency trends. Finally, the vocational training centers should have their own employment units. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed at Identifying Current situation of school journalism in Hadramout coastal area secondary schools. (556) subjects were randomly selected,(206) of them were teachers and (350) students. The study used aquestionnaire consisted of (35) item, with four dimensions. Face validity was verified through acomette of experts and alpha Chronbach coefficient of the tool was (0.94). T-test and percentage were used to analyze data and content analysis was used to answer the fourth question. Results showed that current situation of school journalism in Hadramout coastal area secondary schools was negative in general with no significant differences due to sex and specialist, but there were significant differences due to place and profession in favor of urban and teacher respectively. According to content analysis a number of findings were discussed. According to these findings, a number of recommendations were set to improve the current state of school journalism in Hadramout coastal area secondary schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed at Identifying Current situation of school journalism in Hadramout coastal area secondary schools. (556) subjects were randomly selected,(206) of them were teachers and (350) students. The study used aquestionnaire consisted of (35) item, with four dimensions. Face validity was verified through acomette of experts and alpha Chronbach coefficient of the tool was (0.94). T-test and percentage were used to analyze data and content analysis was used to answer the fourth question. Results showed that current situation of school journalism in Hadramout coastal area secondary schools was negative in general with no significant differences due to sex and specialist, but there were significant differences due to place and profession in favor of urban and teacher respectively. According to content analysis a number of findings were discussed. According to these findings, a number of recommendations were set to improve the current state of school journalism in Hadramout coastal area secondary schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed at Identifying Current situation of school journalism in Hadramout coastal area secondary schools. (556) subjects were randomly selected,(206) of them were teachers and (350) students. The study used aquestionnaire consisted of (35) item, with four dimensions. Face validity was verified through acomette of experts and alpha Chronbach coefficient of the tool was (0.94). T-test and percentage were used to analyze data and content analysis was used to answer the fourth question. Results showed that current situation of school journalism in Hadramout coastal area secondary schools was negative in general with no significant differences due to sex and specialist, but there were significant differences due to place and profession in favor of urban and teacher respectively. According to content analysis a number of findings were discussed. According to these findings, a number of recommendations were set to improve the current state of school journalism in Hadramout coastal area secondary schools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this Research is to identify sixth preparatory class students’ point of view in evaluating Mathematics Curriculum to be taught in their rehabilitation centers and their development, in the light of some aspects. The sample of the research consisted of (142) students in the sixth preparatory class, participating in the center of developing and rehabilitation of students for the academic year (2017-2018), who were selected randomly. To achieve the objectives and as there is few available tool, a questionnaire was prepared consisting of (35) items distributed in to five fields (Mathematics lessons in terms of administration and organization, Students, The teacher and teaching methods that he adopts, Mathematical content in terms of examples and diagrams, evaluation in teams of exercises and activities), seven items of three alternatives for each fields(large, medium, a few). The two researchers test the validity and stability of the tool and then were applied individual on the definite sample. After collecting data and analyzing statistically by using weighted mean and relative weight, the results indicated as: 1. The students’ views and their consensus converged on the fact that all fields are necessary for the success of the process of teaching mathematics in the centers of rehabilitation developing and students and can not be dispensed as well. 2. The views of sixth preparatory class students differ on the items of each scale field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was conducted to identify the model of Assyria and its effect on the students of history department / College of basic education in the subject of history and the essence concept on them. The research sample was limited to the third stage students in the history department. The research was composed of (64) students divided into two groups The researcher prepared a test to fit the vocabulary of the subject and prepared a measure of self-concept suitable for the members of the research sample. The validity of the test was extracted by presenting it to a group of experts, Stability in a way to re-test and applied the test at the end of the experiment to measure the achievement and the concept of essence results and there are statistically significant between the experimental group and control group differences in favor of the experimental group that studied using the model of Assyria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms Scale (OCSs) is a unidimensional, reliable, valid and short patient-report outcome measure for screening Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). The current study aimed to develop a formal Egyptian-Arabic translation, calculate norm scores, and assess its validity and reliability for use with the Egyptian population. Method: Using the OCSS questionnaire, N=301 participants diagnosed with OCD were compared with N=113 participants who did not present with OCD. Diagnosis followed the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders - Fifth Edition (DSM 5). Validity was measured by internal consistency and discriminative validity. Reliability was measured by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and the split-half correlation. Results: Subscales were re-established and a further subscale for religious obsessive-compulsive symptoms added. Updated norms were prepared for subscales. Conclusion: The current investigation provides validity and reliability of OCSs as well as norm scores and a new tool to facilitate the clinical interpretation of patient scores. The OCSs was made suitable for routine use in clinical practice in Egypt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed at identifying the impact of a suggested program in developing some listening skills among students of Arabic Linguistics Institute in King Saud University. The Sample consisted of 22 students of the 4th level of the Arabic language students of non-native speakers of Arabic linguistics Institute in King Saud University, they were divided into two groups: experimental group 11 students, and control group 11 students. The Researcher prepared the following educational materials and evaluation tools: A List of the appropriate listening skills for the 4th level students, the Educational program for developing listening skills, and a listening skills test. the validity and reliability of these tools has been confirmed by an appropriate statistical ways. The Findings showed the positive impact of the suggested program in developing some listening skills for research sample. The Research presented a number of recommendation for Interesting teaching listening courses and for developing other language skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]