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Traffic accidents are one of the most dangerous contemporary phenomena that impede the development and development in a society, especially accidents that increase the number of deaths in general. Therefore, our study was on traffic accident deaths only in the city of Mosul for the period 2017- 2021 because of its importance in studying the geography of the population. The research also dealt with a study of the age and qualitative structure of traffic accident deaths and its effects on the lack of population growth, due to its increase in the present time as a result of the increase in the population of the city of Mosul, whether resulting from immigration or emigration, or whether through births and deaths in it, and the research also touched on The trend of deaths for the same period, whether at the level of the governorate or the city in particular, and it was found that the deaths of traffic accidents inside the city are close to traffic accidents at the level of violation for many reasons, including speed first, the possession of vehicles for teenage children secondly, and the lack of control or adherence to the rules of traffic lights thirdly, and there are also reasons Others that we may mention later, but in terms of geographical distribution, the researchers deliberately avoided addressing them because the majority of traffic accidents are distributed within the city. A general form in order to avoid repetition when studying the geographical distribution, as well as adding the causes of traffic accidents in the city and the ways that the individual must follow to avoid traffic accidents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

E-learning is one of the modern scientific methods that rely on scientific communication between the teacher and the student remotely via the Internet. It was present and widespread at the level of developed countries, but after the Corona pandemic, it was relied on in the study mainly for scientific communication between the teacher and students in both undergraduate and postgraduate studies. On this basis, the global network was directed to learn and gain experiences in various fields, and geography was one of them. So, work was done to establish workshops and seminars to increase scientific knowledge, and this increased the exchange of scientific experiences among teachers in Arabic and international universities. To complement this trend, the government dealt with e-learning as one of the important means of delivering science and knowledge to students and not interrupting them from the educational process. Accordingly, work has been done to create electronic classes for students in their studies that are available for free within other applications based on the Classroom application. Classes were established in the field of various geographical disciplines, such as climatic geography, geomorphology, population geography, geographic information systems and other geographic materials. These scientific materials were communicated between Google meet students and teachers within the electronic classes in the Classroom program and used a program for discussion directly with students. Accordingly, work was done to establish a field study on the importance of e-learning in general and through its application in the subject of population geography and geographic information systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The area of traditional markets is not considered the only focus of the only marketing which received the population of Mosul and its region . but the functional and structural exchanges have faced the city especially after the expansion of its size and area . but many commercial focuses which appear in Mosul city especially the commercial market of al Zahra quarter after 1986. The variation in the pattern and the distribution of the marketing center in al Zahra quarter requires the city geography researchers to do distinct work through analyzing such a geography to focus on determining its locations by studying its geographicall distribution and to try determining the levels of its importance which services the goals of urban planning when trying to plan for it inside urban space . The commercial market of al Zahra contains 230 functional units and patterns the shops of sale and purchase are dominant over other patterns that about 172 commercial shops with 47,8 % the percentage from the total of shops is then the service shops which reach to 36 commercial shops and their percentage from the total shops,Finally the other patterns from only just 9,5% from the total of the commercial shops in the markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the twentieth century, the world witnessed a significant increase in the number of widowed women as a result of several factors (political, economic and security). These factors played a role in the variation of the number of widows in all cities of the world, including Iraqi cities. This paper deals with a study of the real situation of widows in the city of Shatt al-Arab for the year 2020 in order to identify and study this phenomenon from a demographic housing point of view in the city. The researcher depended on researches, studies and library sources, as well as a field survey. Questionnaire was also conducted by organizing (541) forms distributed to residential neighborhoods in the city of (100%) of the total widows in the city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aimed at investigating the effectiveness of a suggested program in geography based on intangible cultural heritage to develop entrepreneurship skills and attitude towards freelance for first year secondary stage students. The research problem was represented in the weakness of entrepreneurship skills and attitude towards freelance for secondary stage students. Also, there was a lack of concern of secondary stage geographic curricula about intangible cultural heritage topics. To face this problem, a list of entrepreneurship skills, as well as a list of the intangible cultural heritage dimensions appropriate for first year, secondary stage students were prepared. A suggested structure of the program based on intangible cultural heritage dimensions in geography was designed and one of its units was prepared in detail. The researcher designed two research instruments represented in an entrepreneurship skills test and an attitude towards freelance rubric. A group of first year, secondary stage students at Al Sayeda Aisha Secondary School for Girls (n=37) were selected to participate in the study. This research adopted a quasi-experimental, one group research design. Results indicated the effectiveness of the suggested program and experimental unit in developing entrepreneurship skills and attitude towards freelance for the research group. This was represented in the significance of differences at the 0.01 level between the students’ mean scores in the pre and postapplication of the entrepreneurship Skills test, whether regarding the test as a whole or regarding each sub-skill, as well as attitude towards freelance rubric. Therefore, the research recommended the necessity for incorporating heritage topics and giving greater importance to entrepreneurship skills through various curricula, including geography curricula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]