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The research aims to build a scale for the phenomena (positive and negative) of the Ultras groups from the point of view of the coaches of the Iraqi Premier League football clubs. The Iraqi Premier League in football for the football season (2022-2023), and the building sample included (100) coaches who were chosen by the intentional method, and the sample of the reconnaissance experiment included (12) coaches, and the two researchers used the statistical bag (25 SPSS) and by using the relevant statistical laws, The researchers reached the following conclusion: 1- The scale of the ultras phenomenon was built on the Iraqi Premier League football clubs, and in light of the results reached, the researchers recommend the following: The study, 2- Carrying out studies similar to the current study for the Ultras for other team games. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Journal of Administration & Economics is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Historical & Cultural Studies an Academic Magazine is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Alustath is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Babylon Center for Humanities Studies is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The report discusses the uprising of the Lebanese people on 17 October 2019, which reshuffled the balance of power inside Lebanon. This uprising included all the Lebanese components, regardless of their sectarian, cultural, and social diversity. The uprising reached all the Lebanese regions, and it is characterized by breaking the sectarian and political walls. The report describes the uprising of highly complex and interrelated. It is open to external influence, and faces the economic problems, but also complex and overlapping. Looking in-depth to the new scene in Lebanon concludes there are many directions to follow because the actors and influencers of the scene are plenty, and their role is exposed to change according to new conditions and outcomes . The report also pointed out a set of challenges facing Lebanon in light of the current scene, including economic, political, and security levels. The report asserted that the new dynamics in Lebanon turned into a square of confrontation or a mailbox for the transmission and exchange of messages between the diverse regional forces. Such complexity would complicate the directions of the uprising dynamic and linkages . However, in general, the report indicates that the main actor in the scene is no longer local but external, while most of the players in the internal scene have turned into tools, and it indicated that the conflicting forces enjoy a high "pragmatism" in achieving their goals and retain their interests in Lebanon and at regional larger scale. The report assures the continuity of the crisis and people mobilization despite the measures taken to contain the demonstrations, including appointing a new prime minister. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Kirkuk University for Administrative & Economic Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)