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Over the past few decades, cities’ identities have been subject to dramatic global influences, the rapid modernization have transformed and internationalized cultures, and planning ideologies which affected the spatial development and consequence, the urban visual identity.However, within the need of homogeneity, and the “call to difference”, globalization / nationalism discourse is becoming the difficult dialectical synthesis of national identity and modernity.whereas architecture does not operate only on the local level, but also on the global through the work and creations of celebrity architects among other factors, thus, Those architects or architects who seek to have such status through iconic designs tend to have global rather than local perspectives. As a result architecture is increasingly becoming a message of global abstract culture rather than being cultural element of stability for the local.The aim of this paper is to look at the visual identity of urban in new capital cities and how they change under the impact of globalization, city centers of Dubai, Brasilia, Doha, and New Capital Cairo have been chosen as a cases studied because have been significantly shaped particularly with regard to contemporary planning policies, reflecting the needs and modern outlook of contemporary architecture. Moreover, this work focuses on the problems of urban/architecture visual identity and the trends of its expression by urban/architectural tools, examines the formation of identity as a construct and indirect form of architecture, the phenomena of globalization and pastiche of local styles, and analyzes the discourses of identity between globalization and nationalism.

Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii ) is considered a critical healthcare problem for patients in intensive care units due to its high ability to be multidrug-resistant to most commercially available antibiotics. The aim of this study is to develop a colorimetric assay to quantitatively detect the target DNA of A. baumannii based on unmodified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from different clinical samples (burns, surgical wounds, sputum, blood and urine). A total of thirty-six A. baumannii clinical isolates were collected from five Iraqi hospitals in Erbil and Mosul provinces within the period from September 2020 to January 2021. Bacterial isolation and biochemical identification of isolates were carried out followed by DNA extraction from 36 isolates and six negative ATCC strains (Salmonalle typhi, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aures) and only one positive control ATCC A. baumannii using Phenol/Chloroform method. AuNPs were synthesized using the citrate reduction method and examined by XDR, FTIR, UV-VIS, FE-SEM, and TEM. The optimized colorimetric assay was employed based on unmodified spherical AuNPs and PCR amplification of 16S rRNA intergenic spacer sequences (ITS) with species-specific DNA oligo-targeters. Detection and optimization of A. baumannii amplicons using unmodified AuNPs were performed based on species-specific DNA oligonucleotide. The AuNPs assay was able to colorimetrically detect and distinguish A. baumannii from other ATCC bacterial isolates. The turnaround time of this assay was about 3 hours, including sample preparation and amplification, to show (0.025-6 ngµl-1) as a detection limit of DNA concentration. The efficacy of colorimetric detection was proved to effectively diagnose A. baumannii isolates with high sensitivity, simplicity, and robustness to rapidly diagnose A. baumannii isolates from different clinical samples.

Construction projects face delays and disturbances that could be caused by one of the contracting parties, both of them, or beyond their control. Proving the delay needs a significant effort to introduce all details, documents, and records which explain the causes of the delays. The contractor needs to submit a claim, whether it is extension of time (EOT) claim or any claim with an adequate definition, causation, liabilities, analysis of delays to get an extension of time-related to the risk event. Claims preparation processes need to be collected and documented daily throughout the project phases, especially during construction phases. Lean Construction, with its common technique, the last planner system (LPS), and building information modeling (BIM) have significant synergies and can bring benefits when implemented together to support the preparation of the extension of time (EOT) claim. Building information modeling used as a digital platform to facilitate communication between the project team, improve project performance, and implement the last planner system (LPS) phases effectively. (LPS) is enhancing the coordination within the project team. The primary purpose of the research is to develop Framework to Optimize the preparation of extension of time (EOT) Claims Using Integration of the last planner system (LPS) and building information modeling (BIM) Techniques in Construction Projects. The integration will represent in implementation of the appropriate (BIM) functionalities along with the five phases of the last planner system (LPS). As a result of the integration, the inputs and outputs well documented, which considered as the primary support to the processes preparation of the extension of time (EOT) claim. Also, The framework supported by process flowchart to clarify outputs, inputs, and the project team's responsibility, Which will contribute to optimizing the preparation of the extension of time (EOT) claims.

Effects of welding parameters on the characterization and mechanical properties of steel 37 weldments were investigated on a single V-shaped groove weld joint. These parameters are; type of electrode, welding current, welding speed, and type of used arc welding and plate thickness. Radiography, metallography and mechanical testing were carried out for the steel 37 weldments. Results indicated that as the heat input increased, the welding current and plate thickness increased but the welding speed decreased. The grains of the base metal, heat affected zoon (HAZ), root and cap were changed in size and phases in these locations. Radiography showed that no defects were found. The average hardness values were 173 HB at base metal, 175 HB at the HAZ, 180 HB at the cap and 133 HB at the root, respectively. Yield strength, ultimate tensile strength and elongation of the welded steel 37 were in the range between 374 and 425 MPa, between 542 and 606 MPa and in the range between 34.6 and 37.5 %, respectively. Such values tend to increase with increasing the current and heat input and decreasing the plate thickness. The chemical and mechanical properties of the welded electrodes proved to influence the efficiency of the welding process. The best welding results were obtained with current 75 A at the root, 130 A at the cap and welding speed of 1.3 mm/s in the root and 2 mm/s in the cap.

قمنا في هذه الورقة بدراسة مسألة تقدّير دالّة الانحدار باستخدام مقدّر الجوارات الـ k الأكثر قرباً اللاوسيطي في حالة الارتباط. تم توسيع نتائج تقارب مقدّر الجوارات لدالّة الانحدار في من الحالة المستقلّة إلى الحالة المرتبطة بمعامل المزج . بالإضافة لدراسة محاكاة باستخدام الحزمة الإحصائية R لمعرفة مدى أهمية وتأثير كلّ من عدد الجوارات (k) وحجم العيّنة (n) على سلوك هذا المقدّر حيث تمَّ استخدام معيار (MSE ) متوسط مربّعات الخطأ ( Mean Squares Errors) لهذا الغرض. تشير نتائج دراسة المحاكاة إلى مدى حساسيّة مقدّر الجوارات الـ k الأكثر قرباً لاختيار عدد الجواراتk . كما أظهرت النّتائج أنّه كلّما زاد حجم العينة, كلّما زادت دقة التقدّير وفعاليّته.

In concrete when tensile stress surpasses the strength of the traction contributes to cracking, which is called shrinkage cracking. Shrinking allows for curling and folding of concrete. The principal goal of this research work is to develop optimal Eco-friendly concrete mixtures by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), including different quantities of polypropylene fiber used in concrete pavement, identify the shrinkage factor (shrinkage cracking) in the concrete pavement. The testing program included using of thirty mixtures to investigate four parameters namely cement content (300,400 and 500) kg / m3, steel fiber (0, 0.075, and 0.15 vol. %), three separate amounts of polypropylene fiber (0, 0.35, and 0.7 vol. %), and (0, 5, and 10 %) silica fume by cement weight. The results indicated that the amount of cement is the higher factors affecting the shrinkage cracking of concrete. For the purpose of obtaining the best mixture for optimal components to design concrete mixtures used in the concrete pavement that give the compressive strength [> 30 MPa], flexural strength [> 4.1 MPa], minimum CO2 emissions, less cost, and fewer cracks width according to requirements and Iraqi specifications are cement [385.94] kg/m3, silica fume [0.000198Vol.%], steel fiber [0.0564 Vol.%], PP fibers [0.2926 Vol.%], Carbon dioxide emissions [379.59] kg CO2 -e / m3, total cost 99.96 USD / m3, and crack width [0.1]mm.

The study aims basically at identifying some indicators of village local unitseffictiveness in Benisuef Governorate. Personal interviews were conducted with directors of all the thirty nine village local units of Benisuef Governorate, using questionnaire was made to obtain the required data. A number of complementary statistical measures and techniques were utilized in the analysis of the collected data including: frequencies, arithmetic mean, weighted arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and alpha coefficient. According to the description of organizational effectiveness level and its components, the findings showed that: The first indicator: Goal attainment The findings showed that about (25.6%) of the studied village local units had a low level of goal attainment, and about (46.2%) of them had a mod- erate level, and finally about (28.2%) had a high level of goal attainment. The second indicator: Job satisfaction Findings showed that about (2.6%) of the local units directors had a low level of job satisfaction, and about (33.4%) of them had a moderate level, and finally about (64.0%) had a high level of job satisfaction. The third indicator: Organizational integration The findings indicated that about (2.6%) of the studied village local units had a low level of organizational integration, (23.0%) had a moderate level, and about (74.4%) of them had a high level of organizational integration. The fourth indicator: organizational productivity About (48.7%) of the studied local units had a low level of organizational productivity, (33.4%) had a moderate level, and about (17.9%) of them had a high level of organizational productivity.

This research is aimed to know the attentions of the scientific researches of master in curriculum specialization of teaching methods of legal sciences whence its classifications of its general fields, and its subjects in every field, and scholastic stages which concerned with it, its methodology, its instrument, so as to develop and guide the direction of the scientific research for the students of higher studies. And the research has come to a group of results and the most important are: - The fields of researches according to the researches concern are regulated as following: curriculum, school books, teaching, a pupil, inspector, a teacher, education evaluation, education activities and finally curriculum. - Researchers concerning with stages of study have come as follows: intermediate, secondary, primary, education colleges and finally colleges and military institutes. And there is no research is done about colleges and technical institutes . - Researchers using curriculum research have come as follows: descriptive curriculum then an experimental curriculum. - No research used the following of the curriculum research: documentary curriculum, field curriculum, comparative cause curriculum, connection curriculum and longitudinal curriculum. - The instruments which have seen used by researchers in preparing their researches concentrated on questionnaire followed by test then the card content analysis. Whereas the researches did not use the instruments of interview and observation.

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A biological experiment of corn plant (Zea mays L.) was conducted to evaluat the effect of different chloride concentration in irrigation water (5, 10 and 20 mmole Cl- / L) and different levels (50, 100 and 200 Kg N / ha) of two nitrogen sources (urea and calcium nitrate) on nitrate accumulation in plant tissues and its growth. Results obtained indicated that increasing Cl- concentration increased NO3- -- N and Cl- in plant tissue significantly, but reduced plant dry weight. Higher nitrate concentrations were found in plants fertilized with urea (1553.9 µg / gm dry matter) than with calcium nitrate (760.1 µg / gm dry matter) whereas significant low dry weight found in urea treatments compared with calcium nitrate treatments. The interaction of higher Cl- concentration (20 mmole / L) and higher nitrogen level (200 Kg N / ha) caused higher nitrate accumulation in corn plant among other interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of toxicity of two local beverage has been carried out by determination of LD50 of Abu-Nuas and Asria. The results exhibited that administration of ascending doses of each of these beverage caused a toxocological and behavioural abnormality in the treated albino laboratory mice. The calculated LD50 for Abu-Nuas and Asria was 0.5 and 0.06 ml/gm respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study was designed to investigate the protective, and curative potentials of Moringa oleifera (MO) leaves powder against streptozotocin (STZ) induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in rats. Fifty adult Wistar male albino rats were randomized and divided into five equal groups: The normal control group, the Moringa group, The diabetic group, the therapeutic group, and the diabetic rats (3 days after STZ injection) were received-MO-for successive 8 weeks and the prophylactic group, the rats were received-MO-for 2 weeks before STZ induced diabetic rats and lasted for 8 weeks. The protective or treated oral administration of 1 ml freshly prepared aqueous leaf decoction of-MO-revealed a significant upregulation of the mRNA expression of PDX-1, Ngn3, VEGF, IGF-1, and GLUT-2. Additionally, it induced a significant downregulation of FBG level compared to that of the diabetic group, a significant reduction in MDA level and a significant elevation in the TAC level. Furthermore, the histopathological observations of pancreas, liver, and kidney tissues affirmed the improvement in treated and prophylactic groups compared to STZ-diabetic groups, and the improvement in the prophylactic group was more distinct than the treated group. MO-aqueous leaf extract can treat and protect against STZ-induced T1DM; via its antioxidant action (increase the TAC and decrease MDA). Thus, it has the potential for utilization as a prophylactic against diabetes.

Banana fibers have a lot of superior physical and chemical properties which can be used as an excellent raw material for the textiles and packaging industry.Banana, cotton blended woven fabrics were prepared by using different composition and histological structure. (based on three different banana fiber ratios in weft direction (50% banana: 50% cotton, 33.4% banana: 66.6% cotton & 25% banana: 75% cotton) respectively. With three weave structures (plain 1/1, twill 2/2 and satin 4) differ from each other in the float length.The objective of this research is to establish a suitable natural dyeing process for banana woven fabrics, then make a comparison between dyeing behavior of banana fabrics with cotton fabrics. Curcuma dye as an eco-friendly dye was studied to clarify the impact of natural dye with comparative studies of the K/S and over all fastness properties of dyed samples on natural banana/cotton (plain, twill and satin) fabrics. Finally, the dye uptakes and the color fastness behavior of the samples have been investigated with regards to the mordents and fiber ratios and weave structures. Color Testing was conducted to assess the color properties between dyed banana fabrics, and cotton fabrics as well as plain, twill, and satin fabrics. Color measurements were performed by using a Data-color spectrophotometer.Results showed that the banana fabrics can be dyed with Curcuma dye successfully. K/S values of banana samples are higher than cotton samples, irrespective of the nature of the mordant used. K/S values of the simultaneous mordanting acquired the higher values than the pre-mordanting irrespective of the fabric (with plain, twill or satin constructions) used.Color fastness to rubbing, and perspiration properties of blended banana/cotton is better than the cotton.Therefore, cotton dyeing process can be applied for the banana fabrics. Dyeing of banana fiber was carried out with a natural curcuma type of dye, which provided better washing fastness properties than cotton fibers.

Proceeding from the saying of our God almighty on his book, the holy Qur'an: "Then ignite for me, O Hāmān, (a fire) upon the clay (From which bricks are made) and make for me a tower....". Therefore, this paper presents an investigation on, using calcined ball-clay (CBC) as mineral pozzolanic admixture for concrete production. CBC is obtained from calcination processes for local ball-clay at specified conditions. To evaluate ball-clay calcination process, various temperatures (600–900 ºC) and burning durations (2, 3 and 4 hours) are used and the optimum temperature and burning time for calcination are assessed by strength activity index at age of 28 days. The hardened properties development of concrete mixtures containing 0%, 10%, 15% and 20% CBC as cement partial replacement are analysed in terms of compressive strength at 7, 28, 90 and 180 days, water absorption, ultra-sonic pulse velocity and electrical resistivity. In addition, microstructure by XRD of the cement pastes incorporating CBC was studied. The results showed that the optimum calcination process to obtain CBC are carried out at temperature 800 °C for 4 hours. The replacement of cement by 10% of CBC is an optimal dosage for concrete mixtures since it achieved an increase of compressive strength by 28% as compared with control one. Therefore, adding CBC can lead to a beneficial utilization of natural local resources, which reduces energy consumption and minimizes CO2 footprint during the manufacturing of cement concrete, thus, concrete can become an eco-friendly and sustainable material.

The need to produce high performance concrete led the researches to try to exploit the potentialities of natural or artificial materials in order to modify the performance of cement and concrete by adding steel slag to cement .Slag has been used as addition materials to cement in ratio (20%, 40%, 60%, 80%) of cement weight, since its main oxides are similar to those of cement. In this investigation, the effect of steel slag in physical and mechanical properties of mortar was studied including finesses, consistency, initial and final setting time as well as compressive strength of mortar in 7, 28 days and absorption in (28,7)days. Results demonstrated that the addition 40% slag of total weight of cement to mortar showed increase in compressive strength and superior performance at 40% slag adding to total weight of cement. Where the compressive strength after (90) days becomes (52MPa) and the reduction in water absorption in all case except at 80% of slag addition case becomes approximate equal to reference mortar.

This work aims at studying the post–heating behavior of normal strength concrete (NSC), high strength concrete (HSC), and lightweight concrete (LWC) slabs and assessing the residual flexural strength of two-way slab specimens. Eleven reduced scales reinforced concrete slab specimens divided into three main groups representing the NSC, HSC, and LWC types of corresponding cube compressive strengths of 50, 94, and 37 N/mm2 respectively, are prepared in the laboratory. Residual flexural strength, load–deflection curves, crack patterns, failure characteristics and details, and effects of temperature level exposure are all recorded, investigated, and discussed. Effects of concrete type when slabs are exposed to different temperature levels are also discussed. Results indicate a reduction of strength with exposure to high temperatures. Residual flexural strength percentages at maximum temperature exposure (700˚C) are 44.5%, 38.7%, and 45.5% for NSC, HSC, and LWC slabs, respectively.