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Among the various challenges in underwater exploration, the identification and classification of objects, especially metallic items, hold significant importance in diverse contexts. This paper introduces a comprehensive algorithmic framework leveraging ROVs and computer vision to detect and classify metallic objects in aquatic environments. The Experimental Design section outlines the multi-step process employed for underwater object detection using ROVs. The algorithm undergoes image enhancement, YOLOv3-based object detection, and CNN-based object classification. The dataset used for training and testing comprises a diverse set of underwater scenes with varying illumination, object sizes, and background complexities. The Results and Analysis section presents the performance evaluation of the integrated algorithm. Standard metrics for object detection, including Intersection over Union (IoU), precision, recall, and F1 score, are utilized. The algorithm demonstrates high accuracy in detecting various metallic objects. The comparative analysis of precision, recall, and F1 score across different classes further validates the algorithm's effectiveness in identifying and classifying specific objects underwater.

The toxic effect of diclofenac (DCF) sodium and Ciprofloxacin (CIP) on gene expression of cytochrome P450 oxidase (CYPs) and the histology of liver and kidney of male albino rat has been evaluated in this study. DCF and CIP were chosen since they are inhibitors for specific CYP enzymes. Thirty-five adult male albino rats were divided into 7 groups of 5 animals each (A, B, C, D, E, F and G) and were treated orally with drugs for 21 consecutive days. Group A served as the control while B and C were treated with 5.3, 10.6 mg/kg body weight (bw) DCF sodium and groups D and E were treated with 40 and 80 mg/kg bw CIP, respectively. Groups F and G were treated with a mixture of the low and the high doses of both drugs, respectively. Both drugs significantly downregulated the mRNA expression of CYP1a2, CYP3a4 and CYP2c9. They caused hepatorenal histological changes. In the liver, massive fibrosis, necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration with hemorrhages and hydrophilic degeneration have been observed. A massive tissue injury with glomerular and tubular damages due to sever necrosis, degeneration of concomitant inflammatory cells and blood vessels congestion have been shown in renal tissues. Although DCF and CIP are still used as therapeutic drugs, their use should be limited as their chronic administration induces a toxic effect on human health.

Sustainability is becoming an indispensable and concerning issue for firms in today's business environment. Especially in the food and restaurant sectors. Sustainability focuses on satisfying the needs of the current period without conceding the capability of future consumers to meet their desires. Yet, an inclusive adoption of Sustainability is lagging in the restaurant and eatery industry in emerging market such as Kurdistan Region, Iraq. Therefore, this study focuses on the current practices of sustainable facilities in restaurants and lodging businesses in Kurdistan Region, Iraq. The researchers conducted unstructured interview for the data collection from (10) restaurateurs managing and working in 5 luxurious restaurants and 5 fast-food ones. The restaurants selected were categorized as luxurious restaurants and fast food restaurants, the topics of the interviews were related to energy, waste and water. The data were analyzed by using frequency. The main approach in data gathering was qualitative. The interview queries were taken from related articles and divided into 3 sections: awareness plan, strategic planning, and restaurants' criteria of SAM. A content analysis method was used to identify the trend from previously published literature. The result showed that luxurious restaurants do apply sustainability in their operations, while fast-food restaurants lag behind. Finally, recommendations of this study can be of help to all restaurants in Kurdistan area by introducing a proper practice of sustainability to improve and develop their businesses to meet customers' needs and gain competitive advantages ahead of their competitors)

Purpose: This paper explores the nature and determinants of corporate social reporting (CSR) in Egyptian listed companies using publicly available sources, including annual reports, stand-alone reports and corporate internet disclosures. Design/methodology/approach: A 55-point content analysis from 6 categories was developed using both Egyptian sustainability reporting guidelines and the Global Reporting Initiative reporting guidelines. Both the index score and number of sentences were used to measure CSR. Multiple OLS regression was used to test the significance of both corporate governance mechanisms and firms’ characteristics in explaining the variations in CSR. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to measure the differences between governmental and non-governmental firms. Findings: The results of descriptive statistics show that 54.8% of the sample reported CSR. Community & social information was dominant under the three disclosure channels. Empirical findings show a significant relationship between CSR disclosure and the existence of a CSR division, the existence of family directors on the board and those companies which are cross-listed. The results do not show a significant relationship between CSR and non-executive directors, CEO duality, institutional ownership, foreign ownership, size, profitability, leverage and audit firm type. The results also show that non-governmental companies use varied channels of disclosure more than government-owned companies. Originality/value: As the most comprehensive study to date of its kind in an Egyptian context, the paper contributes to investigating empirically the link between CSR and both corporate governance mechanisms and firm specific characteristics.

هدف البحث تحديد مدى التزام الأفراد المبحوثين بأخلاقيات المهنة ، فضلاً عن قياس طبيعة العلاقة والاثر بين القيادة الروحية بأبعادها الخمسة واخلاقيات المهنة في الميدان المبحوث المتمثل بالمعهد التقني في الموصل، ولتحقيق هذا الهدف تم استطلاع اراء (92) فردًا من التدريسيين العاملين في المنظمة المبحوثة ، ومن خلال توزيع استمارة الاستبيان تم جمع بيانات الجانب العملي ، وقد تبنى البحث عدة فرضيات احصائية ومنها "يوجد علاقة ارتباط معنوية بين القيادة الروحية بأبعادها الخمسة وأخلاقيات المهنة " ولغرض اختبار هذه الفرضية وفرضيات البحث الأخرى تم اعتماد المنهج الوصفي التحليلي في قراءة البيانات ومعالجتها ميدانياً. وانتهى البحث بتقديم جملة من النتائج كان منها وجود التزام لدى الافراد عينة البحث بأخلاقيات المهنة في المنظمة المبحوثة ، فضلاً عن اثبات فرضيات البحث.