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The Research goal was to : - Identify the quality of services in the halls of fitness and bodybuilding in the city of Mosul from the viewpoint of its visitors. The researchers used the descriptive approach for its relevance to the nature of the research, the research community was a visitor of fitness and bodybuilding halls. The research sample was chosen by the deliberate method, and the research community included the attendants in the halls of fitness and body building in the city of Mosul, whose number were (70) halls distributed on both sides of the right city with (10) halls and the left with (60) halls, and these data were obtained by the researchers through a permission to facilitate the task from the Deanship of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / University of Mosul to the Iraqi Federation for Body Building in Nineveh Governorate. Where the applied sample for the research consisted of (100) recipients, the researchers adopted the (Quality of Services Measure in Mosul swimming Pools), which Al-Taweel prepared in its final form, and after the availability of scientific conditions in it, it was applied to the final research sample to obtain data, which were statistically treated through the use of The percentage, the arithmetic mean, and the standard deviation, and the researchers concluded that the quality of services in the fitness and bodybuilding halls in the city of Mosul concentrated between the average and the weak. The researchers concluded that : - the level of quality of services in the fitness and bodybuilding halls in the city of Mosul ranged from medium to weak. Finally the researchers recommended: - The need for hall administrations to realize that providing the comfort and convenience to the visitors will bebette through the stability, continuity and the accuracy of the level of services. - The hall's sight, interior design, and general cleanliness must be with the developments and conditions for the work of these halls.

The design of the chef’s uniform requires a set of conditions and standards. The chef’s uniform is considered one of the functional outfits that requires the designer to study the conditions and nature of work and the risks to which the chef is exposed, such as direct fire, as he uses it in the maturation of foods, and many types of hot liquids to boiling point and the risks involved. The chef is also exposed to the use of different types of sharp knives.Also, taking into account the chef’s exposure to constant heat throughout the work period, due to the nature and conditions of his work taking into account the protection of the human body from high heat, humidity, radiation, insects, chemicals and intense friction. Applying this to the chef’s clothes and costumes, for example, making ventilation holes or making supports for strengthening in places Movement, making an adjustment in the pattern that facilitates movement, taking into account the treatment of large and abnormal sizes in the design. Which reflects the addition of proposals for innovative designs using modern fabrics, high-quality technologies, new proposed colors and modern fashion requirements.

The current research aims to: 1- Build an entrepreneurial trend in the halls of fitness and bodybuilding in the city of Mosul from the viewpoint of its visitors. 2- Investigate the level of leadership in the halls of fitness and body building in the city of Mosul from the viewpoint of its Visitors. The researchers used the descriptive approach in its survey to suit the nature of the research, and the research community included (378) people who went to the halls of fitness and body building in the city of Mosul, which were numbered (70) halls distributed on the right sides of the city with (10) halls, and the left with (60) Halls, thus, the research sample included (27) halls for fitness and body building in the city of Mosul, which represented (38.57%) of the research community, and these halls are divided into (9) halls on the right side and (18) halls on the left side of the city of Mosul. The number of people returning to these halls according to the scientific conditions of stability was (378) people distributed over the pilot sample with (18) people and the building sample with (260) people and (68.78%) from the research sample in addition to (100) people for the sample application. And by (26.45%) of the research sample, With regard to the research tools, the researcher built a scale of pioneering orientation for fitness halls and bodybuilding in the city of Mosul according to four dimensions (creativity, risk-taking, proactive, and competitive). On the final research sample in order to obtain data that were statistically treated through the percentage, the arithmetic mean, the simple correlation coefficient, and (T) test for two independent samples. The study concluded the following conclusions: - the level of entrepreneurship in the halls of fitness and bodybuilding in the city of Mosul ranged from medium to weak. The researchers recommended the following: 1- The departments of the halls of fitness and bodybuilding must adopt the pioneering approach in order to achieve the success for these halls. 2- The necessity for hall administrations to develop them by updating the devices and tools used as well as the other aspects in the hall.

The present study was conducted to prepare nano-chitosan particles (CN) by ultrafine grinding from crude chitosan powder (CC) using a ball mill with 130 numbers of zirconia beads in range from 0.5 to 1.5 mm diameter (75 beads 0.5 mm diameter, 30 beads 1.0 mm diameter and 25 beads 1.5 mm diameter). In addition, physical and rheological properties of chitosan solutions were determined. The results revealed that ultrafine grinding has effectively milled the chitosan particles to nanoscale. Prepared chitosan nanoparticles were characterized by devices X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Zetasizer particle sizes and Zeta potential of chitosan particles (after milling for 30, 60 and 90 minutes). The particle size of nano-chitosan was distributed in a range of 250-600 nm. with a polydispersity index use as an anti-oxidant and antimicrobial with reducing the amount used to deliver the desired purpose. Additional research is required to further investigate the potential value-added utilization of these chitosan derivatives in improving the quality and safety of some food products.

The study aims to identify the relationship between social support and the adaptation of students of the Faculty of Physical Education at Yarmouk University to the university environment. The study relied on a descriptive-analytical method. A questionnaire was applied to a random sample of (287) male and female students from the Faculty of Physical Education. The results of the study showed that the level of social support among students of the Faculty of Physical Education was high. In addition, the study showed that the level of adaptation of the students of the Faculty of Physical Education to the university environment was at a high level. Moreover, the study revealed that there are statistical differences in the level of social support and in the level of students' adaptation due to gender and place of residence in favor of males and city, respectively.

The research objectives are : - Constructing a scale to recognize the most important administrative and technical difficulties faced by the basketball referees in Iraq. - Identifying the degree of the administrative and technical difficulties faced by the basketball referees in Iraq. - Identifying the kind of relationship between the administrative and technical difficulties that face the referees . The researcher has hypothesized the following : - There were administrative and technical difficulties facing the basketball referees in Iraq. - There was a moral significant relationship among the administrative and technical difficulties faced by the referees. The researchers have used the descriptive methodology with survey style for its convenience to the nature of the research. The research community includes basketball referees working in Iraq and holding international certificates , first, second , and third degrees in the branch sport unions for basketball in Iraq as (160) referees. The sample includes two parts : the first part includes the construction sample as (120) referees working with the branch sport unions of basketball in Iraq .The second part includes the application sample as (40) referees . The questionnaire has been used as a means of collecting data .So ,the researchers have constructed a scale of administrative and technical difficulties . The scale includes (43) items .The data were treated statistically by using :the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentage law, assumptirn mean, Pearson correlation coefficient, t-Test for two independent samples, Alpha coefficient, Getman equation, and Spearman Brown equation. The important results were : - The validity of the scale of the administrative and technical difficulties faced by the basketball referees working in Iraq. - The degree of the administrative difficulties faced by the basketball referees working in Iraq was (very high) ,while the degree of the technical difficulties faced by the basketball referees working in Iraq was (high) and the degree of both administrative and technical difficulties was (very high ) . - There was a significant relationship between both of the administrative and technical difficulties. - The shortage in the number of basketball referees working in Iraq compared with the comprehensive approach of the central union of basketball and its branches in the governorates .There number was (160) working referees . In the light of the results , the researchers have presented a number of recommendations such as : - Applying the scale of administrative and technical difficulties faced by the basketball referees after being adapted scientifically to other individual or team sport games and activities. - The Iraqi central union of basketball and its branches in the governorates need to remove the administrative and technical difficulties faced by the referees via the coordination with the ministry of youth and sport and the sport clubs participating in the union activities. The researchers have presented the following suggestions : - Making a comparative study of the administrative and technical difficulties faced by the basketball referees working in Iraq to the referees working with other sport unions (individual or team) according to their referring degree . - Working to issue a law of full-time referees for these who work in all sport unions during the sport season to do their tasks in the unions with preserving their formal rights at the establishments where they work in order to grant them chances of creativity. - Calling Iraqi government to increase the annual budget of the Iraqi national Olympic committee in a way that covers all the activities of the central sport unions and their branches in the governorates.

The study is based on tracing the Qur'anic texts in which many readings lead to a different style of creation or vice versa, considering what these readings can elicit from the noble context's intended connotations. The study was divided into three sections: the first topic included the differences between matter and others, assuming that matter is from creation, the past, and the loss of the news. The second topic included the differences between telling and questioning; it is known that the difference between them is on the axes of language and art. The third topic included the differences between denial and prohibition. It is well known that there is a great discrepancy between the two. This difference has contextual implications. The study was based on two important matters: not accepting anomalous readings and not taking into account the connotations that contradict the postulates of religion, even if they are tolerated by the noble context in terms of language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]