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The trial of the initial determination of Ramadhan, Shawwal and Zulhijjah is often a criticism for those who say the initial determination of Ramadhan is in line with the reckoning system, it does not need a congregation hearing that consumes state money, leave it to the community to join the organization it believes. This paper explains the position of the congregation of itsbat to determine the beginning of Ramadan in the perspective of maqashid sharia. By analyzing the practice of the congregation trial and the prevailing rules in Indonesia, it can be concluded that the practice of the trial of the congregation has been classified as perfect for the initial determination of the month of Ramadan. In maqashid syariah, the trial of the initial determination of Ramadhan is included in the category of dharuriyyat in particular and hajiyat in general. The congregation is needed by the Muslim community of Indonesia, considering that to increase the value of benefit and reject the harm which is the core of maqashid sharia is in the trial of itsbat. Therefore, adhering to the congregation of itsbat is to maintain benefit while rejecting harm.

Seventeen bacterial isolates have been successfully isolated and purified from soil rhizosphere samples collected from different agricultural areas Buhayra, Sharqia and Alqilyubia of Egypt, and screened for production of chitinase enzymes had the highest chitinolytic activities amongst those investigated. Isolate S3-C and S1-C were Identified by biochemical, physiological tests and 16s rRNA gene primer as Bacillus cereus S3C, Gene Bank NCBI accession MK185696 and Bacillus cereus S1C accession MK185697. The production of chitinase by B.cereus S3C and Bacillus cereus S1C was optimized using colloidal chitin medium amended with 1% colloidal chitin at 30°C after five days of incubation. B.cereus S3C had potential for cell wall lysis of many phytopathogenic fungi tested such as Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani Potato phytopathogenic fungi by in vitro antagonistic test. The addition of B. cereus S3C chitinase was more effective than that of B.cereus S1C in increasing the resistance of Potato plants infected with various Soil- borne phytopathogenic fungi.