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This experiment was carried out during 2015 and 2016 experimental seasons to investigate the effect of spraying with moringa extract at 3%, garlic extract at 3% or ascorbic acid at 300 ppm on fruit set, yield and fruit quality of Khadrawi date palm cultivar. Anyhow, bunches were sprayed at three times (3 hours before pollination then 4 and 8 weeks after pollination). The present results indicated that spraying date palm bunches with moringa extract or garlic extract recorded the highest initial fruit set in the first and second seasons, respectively. As well as, moringa extract gave the highest fruit retention and yield in both seasons. In addition, all treatments improved some fruit physical characteristics i.e. fruit weight, flesh weight, fruit volume and fruit length compared to the control treatment in the two studied seasons. Also, results showed that moringa extract or ascorbic acid increased TSS%, total sugars % and reducing sugars % in both seasons compared to the control. Meanwhile, the lowest fibers % was obtained by garlic extract in the two seasons. Also, all treatments had no significant effect on total acidity % and tannins content in both seasons.

Garlic is promoted for use as a preventive factor against the formation of cancer. Although several compounds in garlic may have anti- cancer properties, the dially sulfide compounds are said to play a major role. garlic is known to help in regulating blood sugar levels. Therefore, yoghurt was manufactured by using the aqueous extract of garlic to produce a healthy yoghurt. Different concentration of this extract; 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5% were added to yoghurt milk. Results showed that 0.1% of garlic extract was the best concentration which gained the highest score. The resultant yoghurt treatments were analyzed chemically and organoleptically when fresh and after storage at 5 + 1°C until 15 days. Yoghurt acidity was gradually increased during storage at 5 ± 1°C until 2 weeks, either for control or different treatments. On the other hand pH took an opposite trend of acidity. The resultant fresh yoghurt had high acetaldehyde, diacetyl, TVFA, viscosity values than control, whereas it showed low whey synersis. During storage at (5 ± 1°C) acetaldehyde, diacetyl decreased while TVFA, viscosity, whey synersis values were increased. Statistical analysis showed high significant difference (a 0.05) for acidity, TVFA, viscosity, diacetyl values and non significant difference (a 0.05) for acetaldehyde content between treatments and during storage.

This research was conducted in a private orchard in the Ghazaliya city west of Baghdad during 2015/2016 growing seasons to investigate the response of 2 year's old transplants of “Othmani” pear cultivar budded on Calleryana rootstock to foliar application with licorice root extract at four levels 0 (Li0), 2.5 g.l-1 (Li2.5), 5 g.l-1 (Li5) and 10 g.l-1 (Li10) and garlic extract at four levels, 0 (Ga0), 5ml.l-1 (Ga5), 10ml.l-1 (Ga10) and 20ml.l-1 (Ga20) and the interaction between them on leaves mineral and hormonal content. Each treatment was replicated three times with a factorial experiment using RCBD. 96 transplants were distributed among 16 treatments, 3 replicates each and 2 transplants in each experimental unite. Results of these experiments revealed that, the interaction between garlic and licorice root extracts significantly affected all the studied parameters. The highest means of most parameters were gained by the treatment of foliar spray with garlic extract at 20 ml.l-1 plus 5 or 10 gm.l-1 of licorice root extract. The foliar spray of 20 ml garlic extract + 5 gm .l-1 licorice root extract gave the highest means of leaf area, while the highest means of leaf number, increased in main stem diameter, leaf chlorophyll content, were recorded for the treatment of 20 ml garlic extract. l-1 + 10 gm licorice root extract l-1, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]