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This article examines the treasures of the Arabic Malay books (Kitab Jawi) which have a wealth of Malay local wisdom. There are three important aspects of the contents of the Malay books discussed in this article, namely: (1) uruf and Malay local wisdom; (2) the principle of Malay local wisdom formula and (3) proof of Kitab Jawi as Malay local wisdom that can be promoted at this time. The results of this study confirm several things. First, the awareness of the world community about local wisdom belonging to the community of the non-European may be filled by expressing the concept of local wisdom based on Islamic knowledge. Secondly, the constructs and formulas of Malay local wisdom are indeed rather unique because they are the result of the sentiment between Islam and Malay thought. Third, Kitab Jawi is indeed the most important product of local Malay Islamic wisdom. This can be seen in terms of the formation of Jawi writings and the constructs of science that were awakened by previous Malay scholars. Artikel ini mengkaji khazanah kitab-kitab Arab Melayu (Kitab Jawi) yang memiliki kekayaan akan kearifan lokal Melayu. Ada tiga aspek penting kandungan kitab-kitan Melayu yang dibahas dalam artikel ini, yaitu : (1) uruf dan kearifan lokal Melayu; (2) asas formula kearifan lokal Melayu dan (3) pembuktian kitab jawi sebagai kearifan lokal Melayu yang bisa dipromisikan di masa ini. Hasil kajian ini menegaskan beberapa hal. Pertama, kesadaran masyarakat dunia tentang kearifan lokal milik masyarakat peribumi bukan Eropa boleh diisi dengan mengemukakan konsep kearifan lokal berasaskan ilmu melayu Islam. Kedua, konstruk dan formula kearifan lokal Melayu memang agak unik kerana merupakan hasil sentesis antara Islam dengan pemikiran Melayu. Ketiga, kitab jawi memang merupakan produk kearifan lokal Melayu Islam yang terpenting. Ini dapat dilihat dari segi pembentukan tulisan jawi dan konstruk ilmu yang dibangunkan oleh ulama melayu masa silam.

The purpose of this study is to analyse Usrah Mahallah in the International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), application of usrah therein and its contributions in improving teaching and learning approaches. As the focus of this study is much qualitative, a case study was conducted and so become the only method that can realise the purpose of this study. Findings shown that Usrah Mahallah is widely accepted by IIUM resident students participated in usrah. Small ratio of usrah leader to usrah participants, contemporary and friendly approaches applied by usrah leaders, organisation of attractive Usrah activities at both residential college and IIUM levels and flexibility and conduciveness of usrah settings established and maintained jointly by Usrah leaders and participants are among key factors that contributed to such acceptance. Those findings lead to the fact that Usrah Mahallah is not only a progressive product of Islamisation in IIUM and a tool to develop students’ social, spiritual and intellectual values and skills, but also an effective approach to teaching and learning, especially in Islamic education.

The Medical Prophetic has a large area in Sharia. The Islamic Sharia has focused on the body treatment, also the heart treatment because both of them are considered as a one of ways to conform the Maqasid Sharia in Islam. They are including in needs, without them, the purpose of Sharia is cannot be achieved. Therefore, Sharia is acquiring that the body and heart treatment are one of the biggest Sharia purposes. The Islamic scholars are always arguing each other in their way of interaction with the Prophetic Tradition in Medical Issues. There is who claims that the Prophetic Tradition in Medical Issues is one of the Sharia obligations, and there is no space to offence such as Solah, Zakat, Saum and Hajj. And there are who claims that the Prophetic Tradition in Medical Issues isn’t part of Sharia, it is included in custom and need some experiments made by pros. The Islamic scholars are agreeing that the area of study in Prophetic Medical issues in Tibb Qulub is part of ghaibiyat, there are no space for them for looking forward in this study. But, in Tibb al-Badn, this is the field that they are arguing to. This study applies some methodology such as analytical and comparative studies. This study collects some information from jurist’s opinions that related to the study and comparing them to find the strongest one. This study has a relationship with the field of Maqasid Sharia indirectly because Prophetic Medical is assumed as one of ways to confirm the Sharia purposes (to claim the public interest and neglect the evil). Interaction with the Prophetic Tradition in Medical Issues with a good understanding drives to achieve the true of Sharia Purpose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

الأهداف: يهدف هذا البحث إلى بيان التطبيق العملي لتدبير ديون الميت في ماليزيا من أقسام التركة ومسالك تدبيرها وقضايا متعلقة بها، وطرائق حفظ حقوق الدائنين والمدينين بعد وفاتهم. المنهجية: يعتمد البحث المنهج الاستقرائي والتحليلي، وإجراء المقابلة الشخصية مع مسؤول في تدبير الوصايا والمواريث في ماليزيا للحصول على المعلومات المتعلقة بالموضوع. النتائج: توصل البحث إلى مجموعة من النتائج؛ منها: هناك ثلاثة أقسام رئيسة في قانون ماليزيا تتعلق بإدارة التركة، وهذه الأقسام مختلفة حسب قيمة التركة؛ ومن الحالات التي تحتاج إلى تنصيب المدبّر أن تكون أموال التركة متناثرة في أماكن مختلفة، والديون كبيرة، وللميت تجارة؛ والوصاية هي عملية الأمانة التي تحتوي على عدة عناصر ومسؤوليات كحفظ الأموال والتصرفات والتخلص من الديون، وإعادة البضائع والقروض وغيرها، حتى يعرف المدبّر موارد سداد الديون. الخلاصة: خُتم البحث بتوصيات، أهمها: ينبغي على الجهات التشريعية والتنفيذية المتعلقة بالتركة زيادة التعاون والمساهمة في نشر الوعي في المجتمع حول المسائل المتعلقة بالديون، حرصا على إبراء ذمم العباد وإعطاء الحقوق لأصحابها.

The growing interest in permanent makeup, which provides a lasting and perfect appearance, has sparked concerns regarding its safety and compliance with Islamic beliefs. This study aims to elucidate the Shariah ruling on permanent makeup by employing a document analysis method to examine all relevant Shariah information, including Quranic verses, hadith, Islamic jurisprudence and fatwas. Consequently, this study examines the medical aspects of the procedure to gain a comprehensive understanding of the issue. This study employed document analysis to investigate permanent makeup procedures from both the medical and Shariah perspectives. The analysis of the Shariah perspective on tattoos and cosmetic procedures included a review of medical journals and websites addressing the practice, focusing on techniques, safety, and concerns associated with permanent makeup procedures. Additionally, fatwas concerning permanent makeup from Islamic scholars available on fatwa websites across the globe were analysed. This study concludes that Muslims should refrain from undergoing permanent makeup procedures because they involve skin penetration and the use of permanent pigments, making them comparable to tattoos, which are prohibited in Islam. This study on halal in cosmetic services adds to the existing body of knowledge in the halal industry, and pave the way for further research to be conducted on similar topics in the future.

The current global Muslim community is facing new challenges amidst the remnants of historical colonisation, sectarianism, and current geopolitical, economic and social realities. Despite these challenges, Muslim communities in general have been consistent in preserving the religious precepts derived from the primary sources of Al-Quran and Al-Sunnah, which form the foundation of the Islamic identity. Although widely underemphasised, futures thinking is deeply ingrained in the precepts of Islamic thought since the time of Prophet Muhammad (pbuh), which unbeknownst to many, has indubitably shaped the transformation not only in Muslim communities, but has also influenced global shifts in civilisation from multifarious aspects, for example, science and technology, arts, governance and social justice. This paper seeks to illustrate the significance of Islamic futures thinking as a foundation for progress in Muslim communities, by applying the qualitative methods of content analysis and engagements in focus group discussions. To this end, the study analyses data obtained from the exploration of Islamic texts, traditions and literatures on the Islamic perspectives of futures thinking. This paper advances the proposition that futures thinking has a profound basis in Islam due to the universal nature of the Islamic concepts of knowledge, the methods of addressing gradual and imminent change, its constant inspirations towards excellence and a justly balanced society, as well as Islamic ethics in foresight. Findings of this study highlight the importance of futures thinking as a capacity that must be developed in the Muslim world as part of the process towards long term social transformation.

Family Planning (Keluarga Berencana/KB) is closely related to reducing Maternal Mortality Rate (MMR). MMR is maternal death during pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium. Reproductive behavior is a contributor to MMR in this case the 4Ts: too many pregnancies, too close distance, too young, and too old. The 2012 Demographic and Population Survey showed that around 32.5 percent of MMR occurred as a result of giving birth too old and too young, and around 34 percent due to too many pregnancies (more than 3 children). East Sumba Regency MMR in the last 5 years is quite high, number 1 or 2 is the highest in NTT Province after TTS. To determine the characteristics of maternal mortality in 2014 – 2018, pregnancy planning for mothers who died in East Sumba Regency and the relationship between maternal mortality and pregnancy planning in East Sumba Regency in 2014 – 2018. The type of research used is Analytical Descriptive Research with Cross-sectional Method. The population and sample are total maternal mortality from 2014 - 2018 which is 50 in urban and rural areas. Methods of collecting data using interviews using questionnaires to husbands/families of deceased mothers, Village Midwives and Coordinator Midwives regarding complete identity, age, education, occupation, parity, spacing of Acceptor card ownership, information obtained from the Midwife is detailed and systematic before choosing contraception. Most mothers have planned pregnancy but there is a tendency to follow the wishes of the client. Maternal mortality is not related to planning for pregnancy, but pregnant women who do not plan pregnancy well are at greater risk of death than mothers who plan to become pregnant conclusions and implications for nursing practice

Scientific studies have revealed that a large percentage of Malaysian society suffers from psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, stress, schizophrenia and others, which is the biggest health problem among Malaysians after heart disease. The aim of this study is to explain the reasons for the prevalence of these psychological illnesses and to analyse the prevention methods, approaches and treatment of psychological illnesses according to Shariah scholars and then to show a therapeutic and preventive approach to psychological illnesses according to Shariah, using the inductive and analytical approach. The study concluded that psychiatrists have not clarified the exact causes of mental illness, but they suggested that they are the result of genetic, biological, environmental and psychological factors. Among the reasons mentioned by Shariah scholars are love of the world, committing sins, distance from Allah S.W.T., ignorance of religion, isolation, family and environment. The therapeutic and preventive model for contemporary psychological illnesses in Malaysia consists of the following methods such as seeking Islamic knowledge, belief in Allah S.W.T and the Last Day, patience and striving for reward, good deeds, good company, reading the Quran, reflecting on it and acting upon it (the Quran), remembrance and gratitude to Allah S.W.T., prayings on the Messenger of Allah S.W.T., supplication, treatment with legal ruqyah and psychological medicine, striving to eliminate the causes that cause sorrow and reaching the causes that cause joy. There are studies and testimonies from psychiatrists that confirm these methods and prove their effectiveness in preventing and treating mental illness. The study also contains important recommendations for the parties concerned in this matter.

The professionalism of teaching is an important task that should be taken by every religious teacher. It is closely linked to the quality and excellence of teachers and students. This article aims to examine the level of professionalism among religious teachers of the Maahad Muhammadi (Girls), in Kota Bharu. To gather the information, this study used both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Qualitative data was gathered by using content analysis, while quantitative data was collected by distributing a survey of 57 respondents according to the Krejcie and Morgan schedule and interviews with school management committee members and school principals. The results of this study show that the teacher professionalism is at satisfied level while there is still room for improvement for interpersonal skills.

Undoubtedly, Imam al-Ghazali is the founder of the Maqasid Sharia knowledge framework. This is marked by the work of Imam al-Ghazali in the 5th century entitled "al-Mustasfa min ‘Ilm al-Usul" and "al-Mankhul min Ta’liqat al-Usul". Therefore, this study aims to determine the theory of Maqasid Sharia according to Imam Al Ghazali and its application in the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI) in Indonesia. This study is based on a library research which is sourced directly from al-Ghazali’s books; al-Mustasfa and al-Mankhul, as well as the Compilation of Islamic Law manuscript, particularly in marriage chapter. The results of this study indicate that the Maqasid Sharia concept has been applied in several cases in the marriage chapter, such as cases in marriage registration law of taklik talak and pregnancy marriage. The categories of Maqasid Sharia used in the enforcement of these laws are Maqsad ad-Daruriyyah namely Hifz ad- Din (protecting religion), Hifz an-Nafs (protecting soul), Hifz al-Aql (Protecting intellect), Hifz an-Nasl (protecting lineage) and Hifz al-Mal (protecting property) Abstrak Tidak boleh dinafikan bahawa Imam al-Ghazali merupakan pelopor yang melakar kerangka ilmu Maqasid Syariah. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan wujudnya karya Imam al-Ghazali pada abad ke-5 yang berjudul “al-Mustasfa min ‘Ilm al-Usul” dan “al-Mankhul min Ta’liqat al-Usul”. Tujuan kajian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana teori Maqasid Syariah menurut Imam al-Ghazali dan bagaimana aplikasinya dalam Penyusunan Undang-Undang Islam di Indonesia. Kajian ini merupakan kajian kepustakaan (library research) yang bersumber langsung daripada kitab al-Mustasfa dan al-Mankhul karya Imam al-Ghazali serta naskah Kompilasi Hukum Islam (KHI) dalam bab perkahwinan. Hasil kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa konsep Maqasid Syariah telah diterapkan pada beberapa perkara pada bab perkahwinan, seperti dalam perkara hukum berkaitan pendaftaran perkahwinan dan hukum taklik talak. Adapun jenis Maqasid Syariah yang digunakan dalam penentuan hukum-hukum tersebut ialah Maqsad ad-Daruriyyah dengan menjaga harta (hifz al-mal), menjaga nyawa (hifz an-nafsi), dan menjaga keturunan (hifz an-nasl).

Malaysia will be an ageing population by 2030 as the number of those aged 60 years and above has increased drastically from 6.2 percent in 2000 and is expected to reach 13.6 percent by 2030. There are many challenges that will be faced due to the ageing population, one of which is the increasing cost of pensions in the future. In view of that, it is necessary to investigate the effect of actuarial assumptions on pension liabilities under the perspective of ageing. To estimate the pension liabilities, the Projected Unit Credit method is used in the study and commutation functions are employed in the process. Demographic risk and salary risk have been identified as major risks in analyzing pension liabilities in this study. The sensitivity analyses will be conducted in the study to investigate how the pension liabilities will be affected when these major risks changes. This study analyzes nine scenarios under assumptions in the actuarial model, namely age of retirement, rate of mortality and rate of salary growth. The result of this study indicates that the implied mortality experience and salary growth rate assumptions have a significant impact on pension liabilities.

Sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil are phosphodiesterase type 5 enzyme (PDE-5) inhibitors used for the treatment of male erectile dysfunction. This present study aims to investigate 55 herbal products indicated for men’s sexual health from the Malaysian market for adulteration of PDE-5 inhibitors and analogues. The screening and identification of 20 PDE-5 inhibitors and analogues in herbal products of various forms (powder, capsules, tablets, and pastels) were conducted using gas chromatography–electron impact-mass spectrometer (GC-EI-MS). The analysis has shown that 19 herbal products were adulterated with PDE-5 inhibitors and analogues. Unique ion fragmentations and the presence of molecular ion serve as potential markers, and the limit of detection (LOD) was 0.1-5.0 µg/g. Ten PDE-5 inhibitors and analogues were randomly selected and successfully validated for simultaneous quantification, whereby the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 5.0–50.0 µg/g with recoveries at 86.1-118.9%. The developed method of GC-EI-MS was shown to be simple, throughput, economical and had sufficient sensitivity to screen, identify and quantify PDE-5 inhibitors and analogues in herbal matrices.

One of the purposes of the establishment of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) is to help the needy people to get a better life. They help them by doing fundraising to the public. As they get the public donation, they are also allowed to take the commission from the donation according to the Islamic contracts that have been existed in Islam. The purpose of this study is to analyse the types of contract that have been applied by the NGOs in collecting public donation. The methodology used in this research is qualitative method by using document analysis and interview. The informants involved are from the six selected NGOs which have been registered under Companies Commission of Malaysia (SSM) or Registry of Societies Malaysia (ROS). These NGOs are chosen due to their enthusiasm, activeness and success in implementing the public donation other than based on their expertise relating to the donation collection of the organization. Besides, they cooperated very well from the beginning of the research until the end. The data obtained is analysed using content analysis. The finding shows that Islamic Relief Malaysia (IRM), Aman Palestin, Majlis Perundingan Pertubuhan Islam Malaysia (MAPIM), Cinta Syria Malaysia (CSM) and Muslim Volunteer Malaysia (MVM) apply the contract of ijarah, wakalah and ji’alah which comply with the law of Sharia. Yet, Serantau Muslim does not apply any contracts as they do not take any commission from the public donation. Further research needs to be done to identify the similarity of the contract applied by the other NGOs.

The study of Ilm al-kalam is still relevant and meaningful in the modern period of time. It is not outdated rather it has gone through various developments throughout the history in order to cope up with the needs of the age. This paper studies a contemporary approach to ilm al-kalam by a contemporary theologian, Ismail Raji al-Faruqi. It examines al-Faruqi’s distinct approach in comparison to a classical position of ilm al-kalam. In doing so, the study focuses on selected theological issues, namely, the relationship between reason and revelation, the principle of causality, and freewill of choice. After examining those theological issues, the study found that al-Faruqi revitalized the classical position of ilm al-kalam in some respects, thus, presented it in a new dimension. It is observed that al-Faruqi’s approach to Ilm al-Kalam is very intelligible to the modern mind and to a modern age. Therefore, this study acknowledged his vital contributions in the development of ilm al-kalam.

Living in a multi-religious and multi-cultural country like Malaysia is a very challenging experience. It requires understanding and cooperation among the races so as to ensure good relations. The race relations developed gradually and went through various stages throughout the history based on the political and the social circumstances of the society. Throughout the history, authors were inspired to write about the development of the race relation from one stage to the next until it proceeded to write about religious tolerance. This paper examines the writings on religious tolerance in Malaysian settings. By using the historical approach, it analyses the pattern of writings from the early stage of race relations to the evolvement of specific writings on religious tolerance. The issue of religious tolerance captured researchers’ and writers’ attention during the 2000s due to the incident of 11th September 2001 and the global phenomenon of Islamophobia which affected public perception of Islam and Muslims. The ill-informed public perception created discomfort among the different religions in Malaysia. At worst it could cause race conflicts. Hence, efforts were made by concerned authors to write regarding the issue with the aim of removing the prevalent prejudice and misconception about Islam and Muslims and to enhance religious tolerance as the vital element for sustaining good relations among the races.

Al-Qur’an yang diwahyukan kepada Nabi Muhammad s.a.w. mengandungi pengajaran akidah yang amat jelas. Pengisytiharan terhadap keesaan Allah dan tidak ada sekutu bagi-Nya disebut secara jelas dalam al-Qur’an (112: 1-4). Walau bagaimanapun metode memahami akidah ini telah bertukar corak dengan kehadiran golongan Ahli Hadis (Sunah) yang meriwayatkan hadis-hadis Nabi s.a.w. Kedapatan hadis-hadis tertentu yang memberikan personifikasi kepada sifat-sifat Tuhan seperti memiliki tangan, kaki, muka, dan seumpamanya. Kajian deskriptif bersifat kepustakaan ini menggunakan metod perbandingan. Beberapa tokoh Ahli Sunah seperti Abu al-Hasan al-Asy‘ari, Ibn Khuzaymah, alDaruqutni, Abu Dawud, al-Tirmidhi, dan alSuyuti adalah antara contoh yang dikaji dalam artikel ini. Hasil penelitian mendapati sikap ketidak-telitian dalam memahami bahasa alQur’an dan kecenderungan ekstrim memberikan maksud literal terhadap ayat-ayat tentang sifat Allah antara punca merebaknya fahaman ini dalam kalangan tokoh tertentu dan mereka mewakili individu bukannya mazhab yang didukungi.

The purpose of this paper is to determine the principle of Ibn Khaldun’s economic thoughts in Sukuk markets. Sukuk market has surprisingly risen in recent years. However, some challenges hinder the potentiality of sukuk market. The notable problems are lack of standardization, lack of inadequate trading platforms, lack of low level of sukuk rates, lack of market structure of sukuk for retail investors and lack of global Islamic banking institutions. Apart from that, some other factors that hamper sukuk market’s growth like lack of legislative framework, lack of tax law framework, lack of Shari’ah governance framework, lack of corporate sukuk issuances and diversified investor base. In order to overcome the constraints and improve the growth of sukuk market, one of the Ibn Khaldun’s economic model that entails eight categories, has been proposed in this work while Ibn Khaldun proposed several economic structures in literatures other than the proposed one.

Majlis Agama Islam Dan Adat Melayu Terengganu (MAIDAM) bertanggungjawab sepenuhnya terhadap pengurusan Saudara Baru. Termasuk disini pengurusan yang melibatkan akal, emosi dan perasaan bagi komuniti Saudara Baru yang mempengaruhi hubungan dengan ahli keluarga bukan Muslim. Justeru, pembangunan intelektual melalui pengurusan dialog kehidupan bertujuan membetulkan salah faham, membaiki keadaan dan memupuk hubungan yang harmoni antara dua pihak yang terlibat. Kajian ini adalah bertujuan melihat peranan yang dilakukan oleh pihak MAIDAM dalam menguruskan permasalahan tersebut melalui pendekatan dialog kehidupan. Justeru, kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif bagi melihat persepsi Saudara Baru terhadap pendekatan dialog kehidupan dalam menguruskan salah faham beragama antara komuniti Saudara Baru dengan ahli keluarga. Dengan menggunakan SPSS 20, data-data dianalisa menggunakan kaedah min dan peratus. Hasil kajian menunjukkan persepsi Saudara Baru terhadap peranan MAIDAM dalam membina hubungan antara masyarakat Islam dan bukan Islam berdasarkan pendekatan dialog kehidupan berada pada tahap yang sederhana. Biarpun begitu, hasil dapatan memperlihatkan majoriti responden berpandangan bahawa pelaksanaan dialog kehidupan dapat menjana hubungan yang harmonis dengan keluarga bukan Muslim.

Freedom of religion, al-Hurriyyah al-Diniyyah, is the important principle that is rarely studied by the researchers. Freedom of religion is proven to be an important element in creating a peaceful life among the religious believers by expressing the openness attitude towards the other believers. Therefore, this study is focusing on the relationship between freedom of religion and the open attitude in terms of theory and practicel among the religious believers especially in the Southern Thailand society. For that reason, the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods was applied in the study. The findings show there is a significant relationship between the understanding of the freedom of religion and the openness attitude of both religious believers towards the other religious believers. That relationship holds a positive level as higher level of the understanding of freedom of religion will result in higher level of the open attitude among the religious believers.

Persekitaran, ekonomi, hubungan sosial dan kekurangan penghayatan agama boleh mendedahkan individu kepada risiko bermasalah. Aspek penghayatan nilai agama perlu diterapkan berasaskan pendekatan al-Quran dan Hadis. Penulisan ini bertujuan meneliti kelompok gelandangan dan kelompok yang berisiko seterusnya mengenalpasti manhaj al-Quran dan Hadis sebagai alternatif bimbingan sosial kepada mereka. Penulisan ini berbentuk kualitatif yang menggunakan teknik analisis kandungan. Justeru, manhaj ‘al hikmah’ dan ‘al din al nasihah’ dilihat sebagai salah satu bimbingan yang praktikal untuk diketengahkan. Oleh itu, penulisan ini akan membincangkan tentang pendekatan al-Quran dan Hadith bagi menangani permasalahan gelandangan dan berisiko dengan memfokuskan kepada kaedah ‘al hikmah’ dan ‘al din al nasihah’. Penerapan yang berasaskan al-Quran dan Hadis dilihat sangat signifikan dalam menangani permasalahan individu serta kelompok tersebut. Hasil perbincangan menunjukkan bahawa alternatif yang dianjurkan oleh Islam ternyata diiktiraf dan signifikan dengan individu yang bermasalah terutamanya gelandangan dan individu berisiko.

The Department of Islamic Development Malaysia or officially known in its Malay form as Jabatan Kemajuan Islam Malaysia (JAKIM) always been seem to has did a little in participating itself in dialogue between different beliefs. As an authoritative and governmental representative of Islam, JAKIM is craved by the religious societies especially Muslims to be more exposed and championing itself in interfaith dialogue to foster mutual understanding as well as comprehend the societies about Islam and tie up relationship with other religious communities. Therefore its involvement in the Committee for Promoting Understanding and Harmony among Religious Adherents or Jawatankuasa Mempromosikan Persefahaman dan Keharmonian di antara Penganut Agama (JKMPKA) seem to be a big step forward for JAKIM to be more active in dialogue. This case study analyse the role and contribution of JAKIM in interfaith dialogue since its inception till today. This qualitative study collected data by documenting information through interviews and observations as well as studying archive of JAKIM’s files and documents relating to the subject. All data then be analysed by using ‘Atlas.ti’ software to better organise them in classified themes. This study shows that JAKIM did involve in interfaith dialogue albeit limitedly since its early establishment. The programs of interfaith dialogue organised by JAKIM are conducted whether in direct way which is a direct dialogue between religions such as Mosque Tour Guide and interfaith discourses, or indirect way by and large limited to a single religious community but related to interfaith issues such as mission carried by JAKIM to rural areas as well as interfaith course in Muslim College of London. Recent development shows a better development with the participation in JKMPKA although its role is limited as a mediator between Muslim NGOs.

Al-Quran is deemed to be the first text or charter which recognizes the existence of other religions in addition to asserting the truth of Islam and expose incoherent and the faults of otherwise. The facts set forth in the al-Quran, al-Kafirun 109: 1-6. Similarly, there are many verses in the Quran that deal with religions, whether samawi or wadha`i religions. In presenting religions, the Quran highlight various methods of criticism such [i] method of comparison such as comparing the truth and falsehood or comparing between monotheism and polytheism, [ii] presents the falsehood faith based on historical method, [iii] method of arguing by demanding supported evidence, creed or faith from its believer. The diversity critical method of al-Quran is a guide for scholars and Muslim intellectuals in dealing with propaganda of religions other than Islam through their works. The works Izhar al-Haq has written by Syeikh Rahmatullah al-Kairanawi (1818-1891) is subjected in this article. Discussion of this article focuses on al-Kairanawi's adaptation on the Quranic approach in criticizing the Bible; equation issues in Izhar al-Haq and the Quran; critical method by arguing and demanding textual evidences that are believed by the defendant. The methodology adopted in this study is content analysis and comparison between the approaches of the Izhar al-Haq and the Quran. Finally, the article concludes that al-Kairanawi approach in his Izhar al-Haq is accordance with the approach of the Quran in criticizing the Bible.

Interaction and communication between religions often develop a harmony culture. Without a good interaction and communication, it can emerge prejudice. It means that interaction in the context of a different culture and religion plays an important role in shaping the integration value. In the context of students at Prince of Songkhla University consisting of Muslims and Buddhists who often interact among each other. The question is how far the conflict in Southern Thai has influenced the communication patterns? Hence, this article discusses the patterns of interaction and communication between Muslims and Buddhists at universities. In addition, how far the interaction and communication among both side have created a religious tolerance. The methodology used in the study is qualitative and quantitative approach using questionnaires and interviews. This study shows that most students have a good interaction and communication. In addition, this study also shows that there are a relationship between interaction and communication with the attitude of religious tolerance at a strong level.