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In this paper we derive Bessel equation of complex order (n + i), after that generalized recurrence relations from Bessel equation of order (n) to Bessel equation of complex order (n + i) and will satisfy that. We given illustrates example of different cases .

Steganography is the science/art of hiding information in a way that must not draw attention to the message hidden in the transmitted media, if a suspicion is raised then there is no meaning to the purpose of steganography. Then appeared its counterpart, Steganalysis, which aims to suspect and analyze the transmitted media to decide wither it contain an embedded data or not which we present in a blind Steganalysis way. One-Class Classification (OCC) machine learning algorithms aim to build classification models depending on positive class only when the negative class is not available or poorly sampled. Here in this paper we depend on a one-class support vector machines (OCSVM) which has been trained on only one class of images that is clean images class, so that the trained classifier can classify new reviews to their correct class i.e. clean or stego. Training an OCC turned to be hard work and required long execution time since classifier parameters tuning, data separation and model evaluation needed to be done manually in a brute force way. A powerful programming language (Python) with the powerful machine learning library (Scikit-Learn) gave a promising classification results in deciding whether an input image is clean or stego image.

Nowadays, data from different real-time data streams are coming in. The classical relational database systems cannot manage such big data. Big data should be managed in a way that keeps the semantic relations between different concepts. Ontology is a powerful tool that comes from the concept of the semantic web, can formulate data schema as semantically connected objects. Ontology can be shared and reused across different domains and sites. In this paper, an ontology that captures the main concepts and their relationships in Mosul university is proposed. The main steps for OMU (ontology for Mosul University) development are showen using protégé ontology editor. Also, several queries are implemented to show how we can use inference engine to infer new and implicit knowledge from ontologies. visualization tools are used to visualize OMU ontology.

The purpose of this paper is to prove the existence of 17 new linear [337,3,318]19, [289,3,271]19, [266,3,249]19, [246,3,230]19, [219,3,204]19, [206,3,192]19, [181,3,168]19, [157,3,145]19, [141,3,130]19, [120,3,110]19, [112,3,103]19, [82,3,74]19, [72,3,65]19, [54,3,48]19, [37,3,32]19, [26,3,22]19, [13,3,10]19 codes by geometric structure method in PG(2,19) .

In this paper, we are using enhancing feedback control on a new continuous 4D autonomous hyper chaotic system proposed by Sadiq A. Mehdi and A. Hayder, Qasim [Analysis of a New Hyperchaotic System with six cross-product nonlinearities terms, 2017], this system has three critical points employs ten terms include six quadratic cross-product nonlinearity terms, We notice that when we apply any linear control method that relies on a single unit control added to the system, the system behavior in this case cannot control it, so we applied enhancing linear feedback control at origin and we noticed that a necessary condition for suppression is getting positive feedback coefficient. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation check the validity of the results obtained.

In this paper, we derived a new parameter by equating the modified QN direction which is suggested by [7] and the standard CG method which satisfied the sufficient descent condition and the global convergence under some assumptions. The numerical experiment of the new algorithm perform better than previous standard algorithm depending on the number of calling the function (NOF) and number of iterations (NOI).

Copyright of Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper tackles to some linear feedback control strategies, where we take a 3D chaotic system with a five critical point of unstability, which is discovered by scientist [Zhu Congxu, 2010]. So we applied some linear feedback strategies: first strategy Ordinary Feedback Control and the second strategy Dislocate Feedback Control on this system at origin point and we noticed that a necessary condition for suppression is getting positive feedback coefficient; but this condition fails at some strategies. For this reason, we focused on these cases in our search, and design more than a strategy for studying these different situations. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation check the validity of the results obtained.

The amount of the available data increases the ability to analyze and understand. The internet revolution has added billions of customer’s review data in its depots. This has given an interest in sentiment analysis and opinion mining in the recent years. People have to depend on machines to classify and process the data as there are terabytes of review data in stock of a single product. So that prediction customer sentiments is very important to analyze the reviews as it not only helps in increasing profits but also goes a long way in improving and bringing out better products. In this paper , we present a survey regarding the presently available techniques and applications that appear in the field of opinion mining , such as , economy , security , marketing , spam detection , decision making , and elections expectation.

The paper tackled one of the artificial intelligence algorithms which is Mosquito swarm algorithm as a nature inspired algorithms, to solve 0-1 knapsack an optimization problem through adaptation steps of a Mosquito swarm algorithm and the inspiration coming from the behavior of Mosquitoes, in addition to propose steps (update) for Chemical sensors, Heat sensors and location of Mosquito, to find an optimal solution in small search space and small computational requirements. A program is written in MATLAB 7.10. language to simulate this algorithm with 0-1 knapsack problem. The experimental results in this research showed effective approach, easy implementation of algorithm to find optimal solution.

The ring R is called right almost weakly np –injective, if for any , there exists a positive integer n and a left ideal of R such that . In this paper, we give some characterization and properties of almost weakly np – injective rings. And we study the regularity of right almost weakly np – injective ring and in the same time, when every simple (simple singular) right R – module is almost weakly np – injective, we also give some properties of an R.

In this paper, we study and give some properties of annihilating-ideal graphs of Zn, also we find Hosoya polynomial and Wiener index for this graph.

The process of classification and recognition of the digits is very important and accurate issue, it should depend on a strong, adequate rule, because there are differences in the representation of the digits for various type of font, rather than to get homogeneous classification for group of digits to show the form or the constant shape for the digit from groups of font , where to be one shape represents each group of the shapes and sizes. This paper proposed a new method for recognition images of Arabic digits with various types and size of font which captured by various kind of camera and various resolution depending on the characteristics of each digit which extracted from study of ten types of font with various size for each type. The characteristic of all shapes and sizes extracted for each digit. Then made a constant model for each digit to be compare with the digit image in any size or font type to recognize the digit in the image. A database of ten templates (one for each digit) built, and these templates are basic and general to recognize the Arabic digits with various font and size. The new method applied for recognition of Arabic digits in the images of license plate of the passenger cars. the recognition percentage was 98%.

The aim of this paper, it's calculate Brownian dimension of fractal pattern has self similarity (Von Koch Curve). This method is Random Middle Third Displacement in [0,1] has Gaussian distribution. Random processes are the main focus of research by analyzing dynamical systems to determine these ‘chaotic’ systems function. One such dynamical system is Brownian Motion. Basis of current definitions of physical phenomena.

In this paper, we defined i-open sets and i-star generalized w-closed sets in bitopological spaces by using the definition of i-open sets in topological space (see[6]). We present some fundamental properties and relations between these classes of sets, further we give examples to explain these relations.

Let R be a commutative ring with identity and AG(R) be the set of ideals with non-zero annihilators. The annihilating ideal graph AG(R) is a graph of vertex set AG (R){(0)} and two distinct ideal vertices I and J are adjacent if and only if . In this paper , we establish a new fundamental properties of AG(R) as well as its connection with Γ(R).

Let R be a commutative ring with identity. We associate a graph . In this paper, we find Hosoya polynomial and Wiener index of Zn , with n= pm or n= pmq, where p and q are distinct prime numbers and m is an integer with m 2.

A (k ,r)-arc is a set of k points of a projective plane PG(2,q) such that some r, but no r + 1 of them, are collinear. The (k ,r)-arc is complete if it is not contained in a (k + 1,r)-arc. In this paper we give geometrical construction of complete (k r ,r)-arcs in PG(2,7), r = 2,3,…, 7, and the related projective [n,3,d]7 codes.

Copyright of Ajman Journal of Studies & Research is the property of Association of Arab Universities and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As a generalization of right pure ideals, we introduce the notion of right П – pure ideals. A right ideal I of R is said to be П – pure, if for every a Î I there exists b Î I and a positive integer n such that an ≠ 0 and an b = an. In this paper, we give some characterizations and properties of П – pure ideals and it is proved that: If every principal right ideal of a ring R is П – pure then, a).L (an) = L (an+1) for every a Î R and for some positive integer n . b). R is directly finite ring. c). R is strongly П – regular ring.

In this paper, the stability and dynamics of a thin liquid films flowing down on an inclined plane are investigated by using integral approximation. The strong non-linear evolution equations are derived by the integral approximation with a specified velocity profile. The evolution equations are used to study the linear stability for liquid films. As a result, output of this research, we showed that the effect of inclination of films is an unstable factor.

In this paper we benefiting from Satellite imaging to retrieve information by using its contents, which is the pixels value of the image and by using the information of groups of pixels like texture, color gradation etc….then analyzing these information to extract spatial and temporal information of this images. Content Based Information Retrieval (CBIR) technique was used to retrieve image contents depending on visual objects of it. Support Vector Machine (SVM) technique was put into use by depending on more than one function like polynomial and RBF, then applying every one of them alone with the training image with different blocks size, then using block size and function that give best result from the training phase to be applied on the test images. The Satellite imaging was classified into two areas; desert and none desert in order to find the desert percentage of each image and comparing increasing of the desert percentages in Al-Hatra Region as a typical desertification area in nenavah governorate on different temporal periods. The language used in building the system is Matlab R2011a.

In this paper, three efficient Scaled Nonlinear Conjugate Gradient (CG) methods for solving unconstrained optimization problems are proposed. These algorithms are implemented with inexact line searches (ILS). Powell restarting criterion is applied to all these algorithms and gives dramatic saving in the computational efficiency. The global convergence results of these algorithms are established under the Strong Wolfe line search condition. Numerical results show that our proposed CG-algorithms are efficient and stationary by comparing with standard Fletcher-Reeves (FR); Polak-Ribiere (PR) CG-algorithms, using 35-nonlinear test functions.

This paper is devoted to analysis the stability of horizontal and inclination in a glazing cavities of equations that we expose to disturbance. This analysis is done by finding the eigenvalues of the system which enable us to investigate the grow of disturbance after setting glazing cavities equations in linearization form. We obtain from our results that the equations are stable when the real part of wave velocity is negative , and unstable when it is positive .

In this paper, numerical techniques based on the wavelets methods are proposed for the numerical solution of non-linear two-dimensional BBM-BBM system and we compared between them. Two methods used in numerical solutions, are the Haar wavelets and Legendre wavelets methods.In addition, we derived formulas of integrals for Legendre wavelets analytically. Its efficiency is tested by solving an example for which the exact solution is known. The accuracy of the numerical solutions is quite high even if the number of calculation points is small, by increasing the number of collocation points, the error of the solution rapidly decreases. We have found that the Legendre wavelets method is better and closer to the exact solution than the Haar wavelets method.

In this paper, Adomian Decomposition Method with Adomian polynomials are applied to solve Allen - Cahn equation with the initial condition only, also DuFort-Frankel method is applied with the initial and boundary conditions. The numerical results that are obtained by the Adomian decomposition method have been compared with the exact solution of the equation shown that it is more efficient than the DuFort-Frankel method, that is illustrated through the tables and Figures.

A ring is called right SNF-rings if every simple right R-module is N-flat . In this paper , we give some conditions which are sufficient or equivalent for a right SNF-ring to be n-regular (reduced) .It is shown that 1- If is a GW-ideal of R for every . then ,is reduced if and only if is right SNF-ring. 2- If is an reversible, then is regular if and only if is right GQ-injective and SSNF-ring .

In this paper, we have investigated a new class of conjugate gradient algorithms for unconstrained non-linear optimization which are based on the quadratic model. Some theoretical results are investigated which are sufficient descent and ensure the local convergence of the new proposed algorithms. Numerical results show that the proposed algorithms are effective by comparing with the Polak and Ribiere algorithm.

In this paper a new algorithm is suggested to encrypt data, since it was to take advantage of properties of the chaotic, so it was entered as a key in encryption and hiding by entering values to the artificial neural network for training as well as hide in the picture, beside use the database for storage and retrieval information and increase the secret system. Through the overlap between the results of stages encryption and hide and artificial neural network algorithm was obtained exciting new strength from where you can not detect secret text only after obtaining random values of the chaotic algorithm and information about neural network algorithm as well as algorithm of work.

In 2005 Wang investigated the zero divisor graphs of degrees 5,6,9 and 10. In 2012 Shuker and Mohammad investigated the zero divisor graphs of degrees 7 and 8. In this paper, we consider zero divisor graphs of commutative rings of degrees 11, 12 and 13.

In this paper we study the statistical properties of one of a non-linear autoregressive model with hyperbolic triangle function(polynomial with hyperbolic cosinefunction)by using the local linearization approximation method to find the stability of the model (singular point and its stability conditions and the stability of limit cycle).Where we started by the model of lower order (first and second and third order) and generalized the idea, and we tried to apply these theory results by using some of examples to explain one of important truth that says (if the model has unstable singular point, then it, maybe, has a stable limit cycle).

A ring R is called local ring if it has exactly one maximal ideal. In this paper, we introduce some characterization and basic properties of this ring. Also, we studied the relation between local rings and Von Neumann regular rings and strongly regular rings.

Conjugate gradient methods constitute excellent neural network training methods, because of their simplicity, numerical efficiency and their very low memory requirements. It is well-known that the procedure of training a neural network is highly consistent with unconstrained optimization theory and many attempts have been made to speed up this process. In particular, various algorithms motivated from numerical optimization theory have been applied for accelerating neural network training. In this paper, we propose a conjugate gradient neural network training algorithm by using Aitken's process which guarantees sufficient descent with Wolfe line search. Moreover, we establish that our proposed method is globally convergent for general functions under the strong Wolfe conditions. In the experimental results, we compared the behavior of our proposed method(NACG) with well- known methods in this field.