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Copyright of Journal of the College Of Basic Education is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Al-Adab / Al-ādāb is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Agritourism has been studied in various ways and contexts. It can be argued, however, that studies have yet to provide a clear and basic understanding of the characteristics that underpin and define agrtourism. Therefore, this paper investigates how the agritourism application in semi-urban areas of Al Jabal al Akhdar municipality, a total of forty-four (44) questionnaires were distributed to respondents where 42 responded. A quantitative data analysis approach was used to analyze the data (SPSS). The results indicated that Several roles of agritourism in semi-urban areas. Finally, the study was recommended that activating agricultural associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Economics & Social Sciences is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Egyptian government's efforts to achieve selfsufficiency in basic crops. By increasing agricultural production through horizontal expansion and encouraging investment in the field of land reclamation and establishing new agricultural communities to provide job opportunities for young people in these communities, which helps to reduce the unemployment rate, so arable land resources are the most important and largest determinants of horizontal agricultural expansion in addition to water resources. The most important search results were as follows: The results of estimating the pressure index on cultivated land for grain crops, oil crops, legumes, and sugary crops indicated that it is less than 1 during (2000-2020) in four different regions in Egypt, and this means that the actual per capita share of cultivated land is greater than the minimum per capita share of land. Planted and did not reach the value of the danger limit (alarm). This indicates that the four different regions in Egypt are still capable of achieving self-sufficiency, and that it is possible to expand into new lands to increase the self-sufficiency ratios of strategic crop groups. And when making future projections for both the area of agricultural land and the area of arable land, based on the B&J methodology, which gave logical results for the current reality, and the estimated model for each of them was as follows: The ARIMA model (1,1,2) is the appropriate model for predicting the area of agricultural lands in Egypt. Agricultural lands increased during the forecast period from about 9927 thousand feddans in 2021 to about 10376 thousand feddans in 2025. The minimum ranged from 9453 thousand feddans in 2021 to about 9687 thousand feddans in 2025, while the maximum ranged between 10401 thousand feddans in 2021. To About 11,066 thousand acres in 2025. The ARIMA model (2,1,3) is the appropriate model for predicting the arable land area in Egypt. And that arable land will increase during the forecast period from about 7,264 thousand feddans in 2021 to about 7,497 thousand feddans in 2025. The minimum ranged between 6,439 thousand feddans in 2025 to about 6,618 thousand feddans in 2021. While it ranged the maximum range between 7,909 thousand acres in 2025, in 2021 to about 8,554 thousand acres in 2025. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agricultural production is the basic pillar of food security, but the type of agricultural crops and the quantity of their production are greatly and clearly affected by natural factors of all kinds, and man has evolved in his adaptation to natural conditions in order to serve his various activities, including agricultural activity, but his control in these conditions is limited and still The natural conditions (geological structure, topography, climate, soil, and water resources) are specific to the type and location of the various agricultural activities. The uses of agricultural land are subject to natural controls, since the farmer is in direct contact with it as long as he practices agricultural activity in the open. The current research examined the study of the most important natural factors affecting the production of agricultural crops in Qayyarah district represented by the geological structure and surface appearance represented by (slope) and (elevations) in addition to the soil and its productive capacity and linking it with the production of agricultural crops for the aforementioned region for the year 2021 using geographic information systems techniques. And then building a model for spatial fit and agricultural crop production for the purpose of knowing and identifying the best spatial fit places using spatial analysis tools for the data in Arc GIS V10.8.2 to be of sure benefit as it carries new information extracted or extracted from the spatial analysis. And then the process of matching between the agricultural crop maps with the spatial fit map that was produced. The study showed a close relationship between the natural factors in the study area and the amount of crops planted for the previously mentioned year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The research aimed to identify the behavior of the respondents towards improving and maintaining agricultural lands by identifying the degree of knowledge, implementation and attitudes of the respondents towards the practices of improving and maintaining agricultural lands and the research included six processes of adding agricultural gypsum, surface plowing, plowing under the soil, precise leveling by laser, disinfection of field irrigators,And clearing and smoothing field drains. The data were collected during the months of July and August 2022 AD By using the personal interview questionnaire form The field research was conducted on a sample of farmers, amounting to 224 respondents who were chosen by the simple random method, at a rate of 10% of the community. To display the results, the frequency tables and percentages were used, the arithmetic mean and standard deviation were used to analyze them, and the simple correlation coefficient was used to find the relationship between the behavior of the respondents and the studied independent variables., Stepwise regression analysis was used to determine the percentage of the contribution of the independent variables to the dependent variabl. The most important results were: •The behavior of the respondents in relation to the practices of improving and maintaining agricultural lands was average. •The respondents' knowledge of the total practices of improving and maintaining agricultural lands was average. •The respondents' implementation of the practices of improving and maintaining agricultural lands was low. •The attitude of the respondents towards the practices of improving and maintaining agricultural lands is neutral. •Seven of the independent variables combined explain 61% of the total variance that explains the total degrees of the behavior of the surveyed farmers related to the practices of improving and maintaining agricultural lands. For the soil in the region, high prices of agricultural gypsum, lack of availability of agricultural gypsum, high costs of accurate leveling of agricultural land with laser, high costs of plowing under the soil, high costs of disinfection operations for canals and drains, and lack of accurate laser leveling machines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Surra Man Raa is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Fatimids gave agriculture the necessary attention, because it is an important economic feature in people’s lives. They were interested in cultivating all kinds of agricultural crops, whether winter or summer, and purified rivers and canals that had been subjected to a lot of siltation due to the accumulated sediments of the Nile River. Egypt was known for many types of agricultural lands, including: is the best kind of land, the bronite is of lower guality than albak, the cultivated dirt is the land that the farrmer could not completely purify, and others. And the state stood firmly to curb the economic crises that passed through Egypt, such as the drop in the levels of the Nile River and the resulting famines and cases of high prices. They enacted important laws to limit the slaughter of cows as long as healthy ones were able to plow the land, and made the collection of abscesses a priority of its financial organizations, organized in a way Accurate in a way that preserves the rights of farmers and secures sufficient money for the state. The state preserves the rights of farmers and limits the influence of land acceptors, listens to their complaints and works to address their problems. In the era of the Fatimids, the system of commitment or land guarantee appeared, and in addition to this system appeared (the sharing system), which means dividing the land into one-third, two-thirds or one-half in light of the distance and proximity of the agricultural lands to the markets, as well as the method of irrigating the land, or another system which is (the sharecropping system), However, the last two systems have very limited work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Adab Al-Basrah is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Human Sciences (19922876) is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Multifunctional agriculture as a new paradigm for agriculture and rural development has been considered by the world as a response to social, economic, and environmental challenges. Current mixed method research used the Q-method to examine and explain farmers' mental patterns regarding extension of multifunctional agriculture. In the qualitative step, the purposeful and snowball sampling methods were used to interview 11 academic experts. Analyzing data collected with MAXQDA12 software led to the extraction of 61 statements. 48 statements were selected as the Q sample. In the quantitative step, after collecting data from sorted Q statements by 16 farmers with multifunctional farms (N= 21), this data was analyzed using Q factor analysis in SPSS25 software. The result showed that 16 farmers surveyed had four mental patterns regarding extension of multifunctional agriculture, including Proponents of understanding the importance and benefits of multifunctional agriculture and limitations of productivist agriculture, Proponents of multifunctional agriculture facilitation and encouragement policies and extension and education factor, Proponents of farmers' entrepreneurial skills and community demand for multifunctional agriculture, and Proponents of farm characteristics. These patterns account for 84.20% of the total variance. The first mental pattern (26.86%) and the second mental pattern (23.51%) explained a greater share of the total variance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Menoufia Journal of Agricultural Economic & Social Science is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Economics & Social Sciences is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Menoufia Journal of Agricultural Economic & Social Science is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)