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This paper aims to analyze and prove that the scientific development tradition of contemporary pesantren has begun to adopt a system of rational thinking (burhānī), which so far is still considered incapable of breaking away from the bayānī and 'irfanī reasoning. The dominance of bayānī and 'irfanī reason was assessed by Muhammad Abid Al-Jabiri as the source of the decline of Arab-Islamic civilization. The study in this paper is included in the qualitative research category through a literature study whose data sources come from books and journals. The data analysis technique follows the pattern developed by Miles and Huberman with a philosophical approach. The results of this research found that the tradition of contemporary pesantren scientific development has begun to follow a system of thinking in the progressive burhānī epistemology. This is characterized by: (1) the transformation of the Islamic boarding school/pesantren education system driven by visionary Kiai and (2) the pattern of development of fiqh and ushul fiqh that is appropriate to the times following the principles contained in the burhānī thinking system. This study revises previous research, which assessed that the tradition of scientific development in pesantren still follows the system of thinking in bayānī and 'irfanī reasoning.

The legal conflict regarding the probationary period between the Employment Law and the Ministry of Home Affairs Regulation concerns the regulation of the probationary period, where the Employment Law stipulates that the probationary period should not exceed 3 (three) months. However, the Ministry of Home Affairs Regulation states a minimum of 3 months and a maximum of 6 months for the probationary period. Based on this, the research question of this paper is formulated as follows: What are the provisions of the Probationary Period in Article 33 Paragraph (2) of the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation on the Organization and Personnel of Regional Drinking Water Companies in terms of the Principle of Legal Certainty? The writing of this paper uses a normative juridical method with the Statue Approach and Analytical Approach. In analysing this research, several theories are employed, including the theory of legal certainty, the theory of norm hierarchy, and the theory of norm conflict. The researcher obtains answers to the existing problems by analysing the legal certainty of the probationary period regulation. In terms of the theory of legal certainty by Jan Michiel Otto, it aligns with Lord Lyod's opinion on the meaning of legal certainty, which is consistent, stable, and clear. The regulation in Article 33 Paragraph (2) of the Ministry of Home Affairs Regulation does not meet the principle of legal certainty. While the regulation in the Ministry of Home Affairs Regulation in Article 33 Paragraph (2) is consistent and clear, it lacks consistency. This is because the regulation should comply with labour laws where the maximum probationary period is 3 months, while in the Ministry of Home Affairs Regulation, the probationary period is a minimum of 3 months and a maximum of 6 months.

This paper explores local wisdom in Kaloran, Temanggung, Central Java, Indonesia, with its religious diversity that influences the understanding and practice of their religiosity. The people’s local wisdom is agama ageming aji and sing penting brayan, which becomes the basis for building religious tolerance. It raises the question of how people interpret this philosophy as a guideline for building religious tolerance. What is the dialectic pattern of religion and culture practised by Kaloran Muslims? What is the form of implementation of inter-religious fiqh that manifests religious tolerance? The researchers argue that religion for the Kaloran people is like ageman (clothing), so choosing a religion is an individual’s freedom and rights that somebody must respect. The ultimate purpose of religion is to build social harmony (brayan). In addition, the pattern of religious and cultural dialectics practised by the Muslim Kaloran is in the form of desacralisation and culturalization of religious teachings. The pattern, in turn, encourages the rise of such kind of inter-religious fiqh built by placing religion as a private matter and must go hand in hand with culture as a medium for building tolerance. The Muslim community integrated religion and culture through desacralisation and culturalization. [Tulisan ini membahas kearifan lokal masyarakat Kaloran, Temanggung, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia, dengan keragaman keagamaannya yang mempengaruhi pemahaman dan praktik keberagamaan masyarakat. Mereka memiliki kearifan lokal berupa agama ageming aji dan sing penting brayan sebagai dasar membangun toleransi beragama. Hal ini menimbulkan pertanyaan bagaimana masyarakat memaknai falsafah tersebut sebagai pedoman dalam membangun toleransi beragama? Bagaimana pola dialektika agama dan budaya yang dipraktikkan Muslim Kaloran? Bagaimana bentuk implementasi fikih antar agama yang merupakan perwujudan dari toleransi beragama? Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa agama bagi masyarakat Kaloran diibaratkan sebagai ageman (pakaian), sehingga memilih agama adalah kebebasan dan hak individu yang harus dihormati. Tujuan beragama adalah untuk membangun harmoni sosial (brayan). Dengan pemahaman seperti itu, pola dialektika agama dan budaya yang dipraktikkan oleh masyarakat Kaloran berupa desakralisasi dan kulturalisasi ajaran agama terhadap budaya. Pola ini kemudian mendorong munculnya konstruksi fikih antar agama yang dibangun dengan menempatkan agama dalam wilayah privat yang harus berjalan beriringan dengan budaya sebagai media membangun toleransi. Agama dan budaya diintegrasikan melalui pola desakralisasi dan kulturalisasi.

The soap opera "Cinta Fitri" is one of the most popular TV drama series (soap operas) not only in Indonesia but also in Singapore (MdEntertainment). This paper focuses on the phenomenon of soap operas and gender representation in Indonesian media. The research methods that will be used in this research include content analysis, case studies, surveys and statistical analysis, literature studies, and comparative analysis. The Indonesian soap opera "Cinta Fitri" captivates audiences with its portrayal of personal struggles and complex relationships. Lead characters Fitri and Farrel challenge traditional gender norms, resonating with viewers. The show's popularity is fueled by its relatable storyline, strong character dynamics, and dedicated fan base, making it a cultural phenomenon in Indonesia. "Cinta Fitri" is an Indonesian soap opera that was successful because it presented an evocative story, strong characters who challenged traditional gender norms, and received fanatical support from the audience. By focusing on personal conflicts and relationships between characters, this soap opera shows its appeal and becomes a cultural phenomenon that influences views on gender in Indonesia.

The charter of human rights is a holy document and role model for the world. Article 3 of the UDHR reads that “right to life, liberty and security of a person” cannot be deprived without “due process of law.” Moreover, right to get free education, clean water, unpolluted environment and home are basic rights of human beings. Islam gives us a complete code of life and full explanation of which can be witnessed in the Holy Quran and Sunnah. Slogan of “liberty, equality and fraternity” paved the way for great French and U.S revolutions. First ten amendments of US constitution are known as “Bill of Rights” and all of them are basic rights of citizens. The story of rights began with the fall of man. Ancient thinkers and philosophers like Hobbes and Locke spent their lives for achievement of rights of mankind. 20th century is the period of independence of countries and emergence of human rights. Right to life is so important today that it has been guaranteed by almost all constitutions of the world including Pakistan. It is believed that the end of law is justice, and as such the very purpose of this article is to protect right to life of man. Main aim of this paper is, therefore, to highlight importance of this constitutional provision concerning “right to life”, seeking guidance from higher law, like the Holy Quran and Sunnah and other relevant cases law on “right to life”.

The charter of human rights is a holy document and role model for the world. Article 3 of the UDHR reads that “right to life, liberty and security of a person” cannot be deprived without “due process of law.” Moreover, right to get free education, clean water, unpolluted environment and home are basic rights of human beings. Islam gives us a complete code of life and full explanation of which can be witnessed in the Holy Quran and Sunnah. Slogan of “liberty, equality and fraternity” paved the way for great French and U.S revolutions. First ten amendments of US constitution are known as “Bill of Rights” and all of them are basic rights of citizens. The story of rights began with the fall of man. Ancient thinkers and philosophers like Hobbes and Locke spent their lives for achievement of rights of mankind. 20th century is the period of independence of countries and emergence of human rights. Right to life is so important today that it has been guaranteed by almost all constitutions of the world including Pakistan. It is believed that the end of law is justice, and as such the very purpose of this article is to protect right to life of man. Main aim of this paper is, therefore, to highlight importance of this constitutional provision concerning “right to life”, seeking guidance from higher law, like the Holy Quran and Sunnah and other relevant cases law on “right to life”.

A unique technique is needed for some people to memorize the Qur'an, especially children who struggle emotionally. Certain techniques designed for Qur'anic memorization are inapplicable to children with impairments. Therefore, understanding the Qur'an requires a unique approach, just as it does for children in general. Ainul Yakin Islamic Boarding School Yogyakarta gives children with disabilities a special method to be applied in memorizing the Qur'an called the "Fasih Al-Qur'an" method. This study aimed to find out the "Fasih Al-Qur'an" method to learn the Qur'an for students with emotional disorders at the Ainul Yakin Islamic Boarding School in Yogyakarta. This research is field research with qualitative research methods. Data collection techniques with three steps observation, interview, and documentation. Field qualitative data processing and analysis techniques using four methods data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results of this paper show that the method of memorizing the Qur'an for children with disabilities, the "Fasih Al-Qur'an" method is proof of the ease of remembering the Qur'an because the Qur'an is for all humans without any differences, especially children with emotional disorders. Habitual learning in boarding schools makes children accustomed to memorizing the Qur'an, and negative behavior will be reduced.

The research paper discusses the introduction of drop shipping (an online mechanism), its advantages and disadvantages. Drop shipping is a form of retail business. A seller takes the customer’s orders without keeping stock on hand. It has various benefits such as it’s easy to practice, affordable and scalable. It supports drop shipper to create a successful e-commerce store without the risk of carrying inventory or making large investments. However, there are a few disadvantages of drop shipping such as the opportunity for low profitability, problems of controlling inventory, less control over order fulfillment and shipping complications. This study also analysis drop shipping in the light of Shari'ah compliance. There are some non-Sharia aspects in drop shipping, for example, the drop shipper sells the item to the customer without taking possession of it, while in Shari'ah it is forbidden to sell anything without taking possession of it. According to the opinion of the jurists, there is an aspect of Ribā and Gharar in it. The purpose of this research is to analyze drop shipping in the light of Shari'ah compliance. The research will be useful for the consumers of e-commerce. The research follows descriptive and analytical methods.

Shah Wali Allah Dehlavi was an outstanding religious scholar of the 18th-century Muslim India who responded to the major religious issues of his time from an Islamic perspective. His proponents among the traditional Hanafite Muslims see his contribution simply as a conservative restatement of the Hanafite School. According to them, with a slight deviation from the existing positive law (furu/fiqh) of the school, he is as much a Hanafite scholar as were the medieval Hanafite jurists such as Ibn al-Humam and Ibn Ameer al-Hajj. Some others, relying upon the ijtihad principles and methods adopted by Shah Wali Allah, held that he reached the level of limited-mujtahid within the school of Shafite, but only theoretically. Practically, they say, he never departed from the dominant Hanafite School in the sub-continent because of the prevailing socio-religious and cultural impediments. Contrary to them, a few others consider him 'the founder of Muslim Modernism'. This paper attempts to evaluate the opinions of some notable traditional Islamic scholars.

The research paper discusses the introduction of drop shipping (an online mechanism), its advantages and disadvantages. Drop shipping is a form of retail business. A seller takes the customer’s orders without keeping stock on hand. It has various benefits such as it’s easy to practice, affordable and scalable. It supports drop shipper to create a successful e-commerce store without the risk of carrying inventory or making large investments. However, there are a few disadvantages of drop shipping such as the opportunity for low profitability, problems of controlling inventory, less control over order fulfillment and shipping complications. This study also analysis drop shipping in the light of Shari'ah compliance. There are some non-Sharia aspects in drop shipping, for example, the drop shipper sells the item to the customer without taking possession of it, while in Shari'ah it is forbidden to sell anything without taking possession of it. According to the opinion of the jurists, there is an aspect of Ribā and Gharar in it. The purpose of this research is to analyze drop shipping in the light of Shari'ah compliance. The research will be useful for the consumers of e-commerce. The research follows descriptive and analytical methods.