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This study was conducted to extract, isolate and quantify Quercetin from Iraqi green walnut husk (GWH) using a novel ionic liquid-based digestion extraction and gel filtration procedure coupled with visible spectrophotometry detection and compared with a novel microfluidic paper-based analytical device (µPADs) aiming for an economic, and green method. 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (BMIMCl) aqueous solution was used as a green solvent alternative to conventional organic solvents due to their impressive solvation properties. The results showed that 100 mg of plant husk required 15 mL of BMIMCl solvent, and 30 minutes of digestion at 75° C, which involves a simpler, and greener extraction method compared with other extraction methods. Under optimal conditions, Quercetin was isolated using a gel filtration technique, and further investigations were conducted using high-performance liquid chromatography and Fourier-transmitted infrared to confirm the isolation of Quercetin. Aluminum chloride assay was selected to determine the concentration of Quercetin giving a linearity of 10-100 mg L-1 and correlation coefficient of 0.9369 and 0.7917 for spectrophotometric and µPADs methods, respectively. The antioxidant activity of isolated Quercetin showed good antioxidant activity and the ANOVA test was used to compare µPADs method with the spectrophotometric method and the results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the two methods. In conclusion, BMIMCl solvent provides an excellent safe and suitable solvent for the extraction of phytochemicals from botanical drugs. In addition, the µPADs platform has been approved for its superiority against traditional methods for analytical purposes due to its green characteristic.

Teachers use many methods to measure students' progress in learning Arabic, either by using a computer or manually. This study aimed to determine the level and comparison between student motivation to complete assignments using computer-based and paper-based test methods in Arabic language learning. This research used a quantitative approach with comparative descriptive by performing observation, questionnaire, and interview for data collection. It used data analysis methods, such as validity tests, reliability tests and percentage analysis. The research subjects were 23 tenth graders of Visual Communication Design of SMK Muhammadiyah 2 Malang. The results of this study are: (1) the motivation of students to complete Arabic language assignments by computer-based test methods is 81.13% with high category. (2) The motivation of students to complete Arabic language assignments by paper-based test method is 83.82% with high category. (3) Comparison between the motivation of students to complete assignments using computer and paper-based test methods is 2.7% with low category. This difference is due to several factors, including human resource factors. This research has contributed to the Arabic language learning evaluation as it can be used as a teacher's consideration on what methods to use.

The last decade has witnessed the emergence of new psychoactive substances that are analogues of classical drugs of abuse in order to escape the regulations surrounding the latter drugs. These drugs were of both herbal and synthetic origin and were advertised initially as ‘legal highs’; thus, they were perceived as safe by users. Hence, upon their emergence, they were not controlled by the Misuse of Drugs Act 1971, which contributed to their popularity and increased sales online and within street markets. In 2016, the Psychoactive Substance Act introduced a blanket ban on all new psychoactive substances except for caffeine, alcohol, and nicotine. This in turn, contributed to the change in the sale of new psychoactive substances products that have been sold as concealed in different matrices, including herbal products, papers, fabrics, and textiles. Concealing drugs in paper has been very popular, especially since the drug product is of lightweight and can be sent via postal services. However, new psychoactive concealed in papers are toxic not only to the users; but also, to the person handling them (i.e. mail employees). One of the classes of new psychoactive substances that have been commonly concealed in papers and that have been linked to toxicity and hospitalization cases is synthetic cannabinoids. Therefore, there is a need to identify new psychoactive substances concealed in papers non-destructively and rapidly to prevent toxicity linked to them. Handheld Raman spectroscopy offers this advantage as it is of lightweight and carries the sample to the matrix. Therefore, this work used handheld Raman spectroscopy for identifying synthetic cannabinoids concealed in papers using Raman spectroscopy combined with machine learning analytics. Synthetic cannabinoid and paper samples were measured non-destructively using a handheld Raman spectrometer equipped with a 1064 nm laser wavelength. Spectral data was exported into Matlab 2020b where machine learning analytics including identification and prediction was. The results showed that Raman spectroscopy could identify specific synthetic cannabinoids in papers that were either deposited on the surface of the paper or diffused inside the paper substrate. When machine learning analytics were applied to the Raman spectra of the papers, quantitative information was obtained regarding the amount of synthetic cannabinoid deposited on the paper surface. In summary, handheld Raman spectroscopy could identify and quantify synthetic cannabinoids on paper rapidly and non-destructively. Future work involves testing other classes of new psychoactive substance and applying deep learning analytics

This study aims to determine the validity of the gap between madrasah policies and field facts in implementing extracurricular activities based on character education. Novelty by using the Discrepancy Evaluation Model (DEM) framework which is estimated to have the accuracy of assessing extracurricular activities of Adolescent Scientific Work based on character education as a basis for evaluating success. This research was conducted at Madrasah Aliyah Negeri (MAN) 5 Bogor. This data was obtained from research subjects such as madrasah heads, student affairs representatives, coaches, chairmen, and parents. Data were collected from the triangulation process by observation, interviews, and documentation studies and then analyzed the findings data in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia Number 62 of 2014 concerning Extracurricular Activities and Guidelines for Extracurricular Activities in Primary and Secondary Education as the evaluation standards used. The results of the study have an impact on the need for improvement in extracurricular activity programs because there is a gap between Madrasah stakeholder policies and field facts, namely the lack of optimal management, management and guidance of KIR Coaches, as well as financing and infrastructure in supporting extracurricular activities

This paper aims to investigate a linguistic issue related to Sari Al-Deen Al-Durori (d. 1066 A.H), a renowned Arab linguist in the 11th century of the Islamic calendar. Despite being relatively unknown to modern scholars and researchers, this linguist has left behind a valuable knowledge legacy and held a significant scientific standing among his contemporaries. The focus of this study is on 'Baiti A-Raqmatain', a topic that has been subject to various interpretations by Arab linguists, including grammarians. In this paper, the author presents ten different perspectives addressing the problems in 'Baitia A-Raqmatain'. Additionally, the author introduces a syntactic interpretation and meaning, along with three new opinions that have not been previously discussed in the literature. I was inspired to write on this topic after reading several valuable manuscripts by renowned Arab scholars covering various areas of knowledge. Among them, I came across the works of Sari Al-Deen Al-Durori, an Arab intellectual who, in my opinion, has not received the recognition he truly deserves. Sari Al-Deen Al-Durori was a prominent scholar of the 11th Hijri century and has left behind a scientific heritage that is worthy of study and research. The study is divided into two sections. The first section focuses on discussing the author himself, including his background, birth and death dates, his jurisprudential and doctrinal school, scholarly reputation, influential teachers, disciples, and written works. Within this section, I also delve into the manuscript itself, examining its attribution to Sari Al-Deen, the author's methodology, language and style, as well as its form. I conclude this section with a comprehensive systematic review of the investigation. The second section of the study is dedicated to the transcription and documentation of the analyzed texts, including commentary, following commonly accepted investigation rules. I wrap up this section by providing a list of references used throughout the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The printing industry has become more development than before, as well as the challenges that related to quality and consistency of colors results, especially with the repetition of printing operations in the packaging field. The using of measurement devices is very important due to the many changes that occur on printing materials in general and on paper and inks in particular. And their were many sources of cellulose plants and other sources of paper manufacturing, as well as the entry of recycling operations in this industry , and also many producing companies are manufacturing paper with different technology in the world.Also there are a several companies producing inks and the development of the manufacture of chemical›s Pigment compounds and sources of oils, resins and other additives.All of that factors made it necessary and to use measurement devices, especially in the production of repeated printing to ensure the stability of results and quality control in each process.In this research we will highlight on the most important types of paper in general and especially the paper that used in this research .And we will print models of the fourteen basic colors of the Pan tone and will make measurements using the spectrophotometer to register and monitor the differences resulting from the different surface finishing of the paper coated - glossy/matt and uncoated.As well as registered the results and values of the difference between the print samples and Pantone.In this research, we will highlight on the colors deviations with the different surface finishing of the paper and fixed the other factors to identify the reasons that lead to the deviation of the results with the use of the same materials and equipment and using of different types of finishing surface of paper.

Based on the diazotization-coupling reaction, a new, simple, and sensitive spectrophotometric method for determining of a trace amount of (BPF) is presented in this paper. Diazotized metoclopramide reagent react with bisphenol F produces an orange azo-compound with a maximum absorbance at 461 nm in alkaline solution. The experimental parameters were optimized such as type of alkaline medium, concentration of NaOH, diazotized metoclopramide amount, order additions, reaction time, temperature, and effect of organic solvents to achieve the optimal performance for the proposed method. The absorbance increased linearly with increasing bisphenol F concentration in the range of 0.5-10 μg mL-1 under ideal conditions, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9931 and a detection limit of 0.15 μg mL-1. The effect of different temperatures and different extraction time was studied on the leaching out and the data indicates that as time and temperature rising, the concentration of BPF leached out of all thermal papers increased. To confirm that extracts from thermal papers contained BPF, samples containing the analytic were subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV detector) analysis. The analysis was carried out on a C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile/water (55/45v:v), and the detection was conducted spectrophotometrically at 230 nm. The retention time of standard BPF was determined to be 5.649 min and the peak eluting time for most thermal papers extract was at 5.6 minutes, demonstrating that BPF was present in the thermal papers. The method was applied to quantify the proposed analyses in a variety of samples with excellent results.

From time to time, we hear in the news about a breach or attack on some well-known companies as just news, but it is a serious problem because it is the privacy of citizens, their money in trade and managing their businesses and projects. In this paper, we offer a review of the honey encryption planner. Honey Encryption is the encryption system that ensures flexibility versus the brute-force attack through the provision of plain reasonable text, but false for each key is invalid utilized by a trespasser to decrypt a message, two key areas are open it is difficult to create a compelling message trap that's perfect enough to deceive the striker even when he believes that he has the message in its original form. The next problem, the typo issue, where a valid phony plain text seem to a lawful user when he accidentally enters the wrong key. Our goal is to have more satisfaction disguised tricks that are perfect enough to prevent a trespasser from getting the original message, We also need new security methods because the attackers are looking for new ways to attack the systems, so we proposed a new way to protect messages and passwords well and difficult to break and take all the possibilities of attack, including the brute-force, and then the data is hidden in an image with a public secret key.

Two quantitative, environment-friendly and easily monitored assays for Ni (II) and Co (III) ions analysis in different lipstick samples collected from 500-Iraqi dinars stores located in Baghdad were introduced. The study was based on the reaction of nickel (II) ions with dimethylglyoxime (DMG) reagent and the reaction of cobalt (III) ions with 1-nitroso-2-naphthol (NN) reagent to produce colored products. The color change was measured by spectrophotometric method at 565 nm and 430 nm for Ni and Co, respectively, with linear calibration graphs in the concentration range 0.25-100 mg L-1 (Ni) and 0.5-100 mg L-1 (Co) and LOD and LOQ of 0.11 mg L-1 and 0.36 mg L-1 (Ni), and 0.15 mg L-1 and 0.49 mg L-1 (Co). The UV/VIS data was compared to the results obtained by a novel microfluidic paper-based analytical device (µPAD) platform offering in-situ and cost-effect assay with a similar calibration graph with LOD and LOQ of 0.21 mg L-1 and 0.70 mg L-1 (Ni), and 0.22 mg L-1 and 0.75 mg L-1 (Co). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated no significant difference between the UV/VIS, µPAD, and standard atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) assay Ftab= 3.46 is much higher than FStat = 0.13 (Ni) and Ftab= 3.46 is much higher than FStat = 0.02 (Co). Also, a good correlation between results via the three methods was found. Thus, the µPAD platform offers a solid base for providing valuable information outside centralized laboratories.

Copyright of Cotton Textile Technology is the property of Cotton Textile Technology Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study aimed to identify the contributions of scientific research papers in supporting the ethics of social work practice in the Digital Transformation Framework, A descriptive-analytical study by using a comprehensive social survey and content analysis of (38) scientific studies. The results revealed that the degree to which ethical standards for social workers were addressed in the research papers was relatively moderate (54.5%), while the coverage of these standards in research papers and theses was relatively weak (25%). Research papers and theses primarily contributed to the theoretical reinforcement of professional ethics (50%), with a moderate rating, while the discussion of ethical violations in professional practice was relatively weak (18.4%). The study recommended a greater focus on the ethics of professional practice in research papers and theses Restructuring the research strategy in light of the requirements to support the fundamentals of ethical professional practice in the Digital Transformation Framework Organizing training courses to develop researchers' skills in scientific research [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was undertaken to introduce a fast, accurate, selective, simple and environment-friendly colorimetric method to determine iron (II) concentration in different lipstick brands imported or manufactured locally in Baghdad, Iraq. The samples were collected from 500-Iraqi dinars stores to establish routine tests using the spectrophotometric method and compared with a new microfluidic paper-based analytical device (µPAD) platform as an alternative to cost-effective conventional instrumentation such as Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). This method depends on the reaction between iron (II) with iron(II) selective chelator 1, 10-phenanthroline(phen) in the presence of reducing agent hydroxylamine (HOA) and sodium acetate (NaOAc) buffer to yield a reddish/orange colour change proportional to the iron(II) concentration measured at λmax = 510 nm. Under optimum conditions, the calibration curve was linear in the range between (0.5-150) mg L-1 with a limit of detection of 0.09 mg L-1. Compared to a spectrophotometric detection method, µPAD measured colour intensity using captured images using Samsung mobile phone and image J program to give proof of concept that µPAD platform fulfils the purpose of accuracy and at the same time remaining cost-effective and simplistic to be used in both developing and developed countries gave same linear calibration curve with a limit of detection 0.12 mg L-1. ANOVA test was used to compare the proposed method results with conventional method results showing the method was accepted. The antimicrobial activity showed no significant effect from lipstick samples on tested microbes.

The author successfully highlighted wrong practices in Sukuk issuance, ownership, and tradability. Unfortunately, such wrong practices are backed by tricky fiqh justifications. The author discussed justifications (or so-called fatwas sometimes) and pointed out their loopholes.

Copyright of Al-Andalus journal for Humanities & Social Sciences is the property of Alandalus University for Science & Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study has been conducted to examine the possibility of using waste paper as an adsorbent to remove methyl violet (MV) 2B dye from waste water. Initial dye concentration in the rang (20 to 80mg/L), pH of solution in the rang (4-10), adsorbent dose range (0.5-2.5 g) and contact time varying from (30 to 180)min, were studied. The experimental adsorption isotherms were fitted with the Langmuir and Freundlich models were found to be more represented to the experiments with high correlation coefficient (R2 = 0.8144). The results showed that the highest (MV ) dye removal efficiency was (97.63) at optimization condition pH 8, at room temperature for 120min, 2 g adsorbent dose and 20 mg/L dye concentration. The value of adsorption capacity was found to be 4.3 mg /g.

Towards the end of the nineteenth century, the issue of Armenia was one that was becoming more and more complicated day after day. The large powers were getting involved in the issue too. At that time, the United States, whose interests in the Middle-East region and the Ottoman Empire were increasing, was following the issue because of its interests and religion. For these reasons, the New York Times paper, the most famous newspaper at that time and that was as an organ of the United States politics, paid a lot of attention to this issue. It published many articles on this issue. Our present research is examining the issue of the Armenians as it was dealt with in the New York Times paper between (1877-1898).

Identity and access management (IAM) system usually consist of predefined tasks as an information security system. The main task is the authentication, since it is responsible for user identity proving for service providers that corporate with (IAM). This paper provides a review on intelligent authentication research applicable to IAM systems. These researches are evaluated according to the proposal of intelligent authentication key factors. Depending on this evaluation it could not be found research implement an authentication that satisfies all these key factors.

Copyright of Jurisprudence Faculty Journal / Magallaẗ Kulliyyaẗ Al-fiqh is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study basically aimed to identify how the Egyptian paper and electronic newspapers dealt with phenomenon of child abduction in Egypt in terms of form and content, and to identify the issues raised by the newspapers in the context of their discussion of phenomenon of child abduction. The problem of the study lies in the main question: How do the Egyptian paper and electronic newspapers deal with the phenomenon of child abduction during the period from January 2013 AD to January 2018 AD? The study is one of descriptive studies, it used the survey method, the comparative method, and the content analysis tool to collect data, and it represents the community of the analytical study in All the issues issued by (Al-Ahram & Al-Wafd) newspapers as samples of newspapers, and (Mesr al-Arabiya, alMesreen) newspapers as representatives of e- newspapers, In the period from January 2013 AD to January 2018 AD, in order to represent one of the most stages which the cries gone through, however, the total study sample of the newspapers reached (240) per newspaper, and one of the most important reasons for choosing this period of time is spread of phenomenon of child kidnapping in this period. The study found that the journalistic treatment to the problem, provided by the study newspapers for the phenomenon, was far away from ethics and standards of professional Journalistic practice. The study recommended giving attention to treatments of an explanatory and investigative nature and strengthening the status of opinion writing in Egyptian newspapers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to present the views of jurists on waqf money and Financial papers and related issues such as waqf the movable and the common and the joint, and the interim, Then explained the direct and indirect purposes of these waqf. The study then presents the most important contemporary types of this kind of waqf. The study concluded by talking about the experience of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan in this field, through a statement of the position of the legal legislation and the opinion of the Department of Al'iifta. And then exhibit three models of applied reality. The study found that a team of previous jurists, who believe that money can be waqf, while collecting contemporaries agree on allowingwaqf money and Financial papers. And that there are contemporary forms of this kind of waqf, Jordan has a modest experience in this area. The study recommends finding ways to promote and encourage culture in this type of waqf, and establishing a national fund to waqf money and Financial papers aiming at the reconstruction of Waqf real estates to response society needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most of the time, a person asks another to give him one or more check paper to perform some act and the latter responses him affirmatively. For example, he might have purchased some goods in credit or made used of service of an employee or obtained an insurance policy in installments and need some check papers to pay the price or insurance premium. Checks issued in these circumstances are usually postdated and the receiver of the check paper intends to have opportunity for providing its money. This act is termed in common usage lending check paper but the nomination cannot be trusted. Jurisprudential and legal nature of such check is debatable and it could be adapted to various legal institutions such as lending, mortgage, guarantee, assignment of debt and obligation to pay by third party. Relations between the parties to such a check are governed by different rules according to its nature and forms. The article endeavors to study the question from jurisprudential and legal viewpoints.

The interaction and exchange between local culture and Islamic culture dominate in influencing the social system. This research aims to explore the perspective of Hadith on the Gerudo and Topeng celebrations in Jambi. This research relies on an analytical descriptive method based on collecting library data from various paper and electronic sources and field data through observation and interviews. The researcher then used thematic methods in the takhrīj of hadith, involving the search for hadiths based on sentences related to the topic. In analyzing hadith texts, the researcher has employed a contextual method with comparison approach and has compared them with the opinions of 'ulamā' who are both supportive and critical of these approaches. The key finding of this research is that the taswīr prohibited by the Prophet Muhammad refers to taswīr that contains an 'illah or reason for its prohibition. This prohibition applies to taswīr used as a rival to Allah's creation, for worship, or due to elements in its form that contradict Islam. Therefore, Gerudo and Topeng are not considered prohibited taswīr because current practices no longer embody the reasons for their prohibition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Al-Anbar University Journal of Economic & Administration Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The commercial paper does not assume that prior legal relations between the dealers are established. Legal relations may arise for the first time on the occasion of dealing with the commercial paper. If the holder presents a commercial transfer to a bank for deduction, the bank performs the transaction required in return for transferring the ownership of the cheque by signing the back of the cheque, the bank becomes a creditor, which transfers the ownership of the cheque to another through the signature on the back of the cheque, in this case, the bank becomes a guarantor, i.e. debtor, and it is clear that the transfer of ownership of the cheque through the signature on the back of the cheque is subject to the rules of the law of exchange, and is free of the previous legal association between the person who transfers ownership of the cheque to another through the signature on the back of the cheque and between the person to whom ownership of the cheque is transferred

Research Objectives: Definition of regular editors and their types. And knowing what is required to protest it. And to highlight the strength of its authority in the Saudi system and Islamic jurisprudence. Research Methodology: I adopted the pairing approach between the original and comparative approaches, by extrapolating the largest possible number of research sources and their advanced and late references. And the obligation to present issues in the Saudi system, then in Islamic jurisprudence, and then compare them. When dealing with controversial issues, the subject of dispute is edited, then the sayings are presented in proportion to their utterers according to the chronological order of the four schools of thought with their evidence, then the weighting and its reason. The most prominent results: The Saudi system is very much in agreement with what is stated in Islamic jurisprudence. Moreover, the editors are a systematic term that corresponds to the papers written in Islamic jurisprudence. The Saudi system of ordinary papers that are not prepared for proof and whose authenticity is confirmed are proven authentic before the competent authorities with conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

مع التحول الرقمی العالمى فی جمیع المجالات واجهت الصحف فی شتى أنحاء العالم أزمة حادة فی التحریر وتقنیات الإنتاج ، مما هدد استمرار الصحیفة المطبوعة فی الإصدار ودعى إلى ضرورة التغییر. حیث تفتقد الصحیفة المطبوعة إلى عنصری الصورة المتحرکة والتفاعلیة المباشرة، الّذین یمثلان عنصرین أساسیین فی العملیة الإتصالیة الرقمیة وهما ما یدفع الجمهور إلى الإقبال على الصحافة الإلکترونیة والإعلام الرقمى بصفه عامه. وبالرغم من ان الثورة الرقمیة هی من هدد وجود الصحیفة المطبوعه إلا انها هی أیضا من أوجدت فرصا جدیدة للبقاء. حیث ظهرت استراتیجیة جدیدة للصحف المطبوعة تتمثل فی دمج تقنیة الواقع المعزز "Augmented reality" داخل صفحاتها، لتصبح الصحیفة المطبوعة أحد أنماط الوسائط المتعددة الهجینة. فمن خلال تلک التقنیة یحدث تراکب رقمی على الصفحة المطبوعة بإضافة محتوى متعدد الوسائط ، یشمل ملفات الفیدیو والصوت ووصلات للربط مع وسائل الاعلام الاجتماعیة، وأکثر من ذلک. وتعمل هذه التقنیّة على تحویل الصورة الثابتة التی نشاهدها فی الصحیفة المطبوعة إلى صورة متحرکة وفیدیو نشاهده عبرالأجهزة الذکیة بمختلف أنواعها واشکالها.وینظر إلی الواقع المعزز (AR) على أنه تکنولوجیا المستقبل والمصدر الرئیسی للدخل فی وسائل الإعلام المطبوعة. تعرض هذه الدراسة وصف ومناقشة تطبیقات الواقع المعزز فی الصحف المطبوعة لتحلیل وتقییم استخدام التقنیة المستحدثه لتحسین فعالیة وکفاءة الصحیفة المطبوعة الأتصالیة،ولتحدید کیف یمکن لتقنیة الواقع المعزز (AR) کتقنیة هجینة مع تقنیة الطباعة تغییر مفهوم الصحافة المطبوعة والأستفادة من ممیزات دمج تقنیة الواقع المعزز لرقمنة الصحیفة المطبوعه وتحسین تفاعلیتها. حیث أنتهجت الدراسة المنهجین الوصفی التحلیلی والمسحى المیدانى،عن طریق تحلیل دمج تقنیة الواقع المعزز مع الصحف المطبوعة، ثم إجراء دراسة میدانیة من خلال مجموعة من المقابلات الشخصیة المقننة باستمارة استبیان مع عدد خمسین من المتخصیین والخبراء فی مجال الطباعة والإعلام المصرى من أساتذة الجامعات والمسؤلیین والعاملین فی المؤسسات الصحفیة (کجهات فاعلة فی اتخاذ قرار التطبیق والتنبأ بمدى فاعلیته). بغرض مسح آراء النخبة حول تطبیق الواقع المعزز لرقمنة الصحف المطبوعه المصریة وتحسین فاعلیتها الأتصالیة ، والوقوف على أهم التحدیات التقنیة والمؤسسیة والجوانب البشریة والمجتمعیة التی یمکن أن تواجه تطبیق تلک التقنیة ، ثم تحدید فرص نجاحها فی ظل تلک التحدیات. وکانت أهم النتائج التی توصلت إلیها الدراسة أنه بالرغم من أن مدى فوائد دمج تقنیه الواقع المعزز مع الصحف المطبوعة مازال غیر واضح المعالم وخاضع للمناقشة والبحث،إلا أن تقنیة الواقع المعزز تمثل أحد أفضل الخیارات الأستراتیجیة المتاحة لتحسین فاعلیة اتصال الصحیفة المطبوعة وجعلها أحد وسائل الإعلام الهجینة.

The low proficiency attainment in English language among Malaysian learners has been given main attention in Malaysia Ministry of Education’s plan to further improve education. Part of the plan is by introducing literature components in the teaching and learning of English language curriculum. This has immediately changed the scenario of teaching and learning in English language classroom. This paper will review past studies related to the implementation of Literature component in English language by looking specifically at the teacher’s roles since teachers are the direct factor contributor in learners’ process of learning and teaching. Apart of roles in the learning process, teachers’ approaches employed in teaching literature component will be critically reviewed in this paper and suitable approaches available in teaching literature in English will be put forward.

The importance of studying this contract is to establish the legal nature of the bank’s responsibility when it fails to collect the value of the commercial paper, and to know the role and direction of the judiciary in that respect. The study relied on the element of analysis and education in a brief scientific way. The purpose of the study is to examine the legal basis for the Bank’s responsibility in the collection contract and the general provisions for this responsibility resulting for it, and to cover that responsibility in all its aspects. The study relies on the analytical method in order to achieve the purpose and objectives of the research, where the legal texts will be analyzed and practical results will be reached. In this research legal texts will be analyzed to reach scientific results, the study also reached results, including that there was no regulation from the Jordanian legislator for the collection, in addition to the overlapping of the agency and deposit contracts in the collection contract and that the bank’s responsibility towards its client is a contractual responsibility due to the nature of the relationship between them. The research recommends that the Jordanian Trade law should include special texts dealing with the collection contract, and that the judiciary be more present while evaluating the nature of the relationship and the basis of responsibility between the bank and its client, and it should be clearly stated that the bank may require the disqualification of itself from the liability resulting from collection contract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People have a tendency to, instead of saying harsh and brunt things, express what they think in suitable mitigatingways to make the communication more smooth and comfort. Euphemism is one of the effective ways of communication for that purpose. In politics, Politicians abundantly employs euphemism to direct people's perspective about the world and to hide facts as well as turn the public attention away from them. This paper probes the euphemistic usages along with their nature, meaning and effects in political discourse. The scope of the study is limited to the usage of euphemism within Iraqi context. It mainly attempts to find how different leaders in world of politics use this technique to manipulate people minds and achieve their purposes regarding Iraqi situations. The study commences with presenting a sufficient background about euphemism, its meaning, kinds and categories, purposes and so on. Then it deals with the concept of political euphemism as well as its usages in different contexts and situations. To achieve the main objective, a group of speeches that made by different senior world leaders concerning Iraq are selected to represent the sample of the study. These speeches are analyzed according to different methods since they are varied in their nature, language, culture. However, the emphasis is focused on the descriptive method and a content analysis. This analyze emerges from a qualitative perspective since it concentrates on the meaning that exist in specific situations. The paper objective is fulfilled by locating a lot of and various euphemistic utilizations in political speeches samples. The defined categories of euphemisms have different natures and meaning, and are used for many purposes.However,each speech context is distinguished by common feature, as the British context is distinguished by playing on cognitive and mental factors, whereas American one has feature of patriotism and using historical symbols, regarding the Iraqi, the speech is dominated by religious garment. To sum up, euphemism is an effective and sufficient technique employed abundantly by Politicians all over the world to achieve their purposes. The Iraqi context is not different from that.

There is no doubt that Shari'ah law does not prohibit dealing with commercial paper in principle. On the contrary, it determines the principle of writing and fixing debts in the form of official documents. The most important of these are the articles under which the site undertakes or orders a person but this Shari'ah law forbids any transaction on these papers, which will achieve riba whatever the image it takes, commission, interest or fare, and perhaps among these Operations focused on commercial paper Some of the other tradable bonds are the discounting process carried out by commercial banks today in favour of their customers in exchange for the deduction of an amount that includes three elements: interest (discount rate), commission, collection expenses.

The aim of this research is subjected to discover The Dictation mistakes which occur widely in the Arabic Language written by Iraqi – News papers. The research classified These Mistakes in Three groups as Follows: 1. The first group dealing with distinguishing between the Arabic – letter ) ا ( When Written or ) أ ( at The beginning The word and as ) ئ ( which differ in meaning from each other . 2. The second group dealing with the writing of The Arabic ) ٙ( and as ) ٛ( at the end of The word which differ in meaning from each other. 3. The Third group dealing with distinguishing in written The Arabic letter as ) ض( or as ) )ظ which differ in meaning From each other. 4. The fourth group dealing with The writing The one Arabic – letter sometime as ) ٕ ( and other time as ) ح( which differ each other .

Civil Procedure Law has several characteristics, and among these features or characteristics is the formal character. In other words, the proceedings should be carried out in accordance with a specific context in the text of the law, otherwise, it would have been useless. Formality in this sense is the cornerstone of the procedure laws, and it is indispensable. In the view of comparative legislation, it carries advantages which make it one of the main pillars of the procedural law. However, these legislations did not deny the negative side, which led them to refrain from resorting to it in order not to adversely affect the entire judicial process.

In this work, study the optical properties of composites consisting of poly Methyl Methacrylate and Berry Paper Mulberry. The samples of composites were prepared using casting method .The Berry Paper Mulberry (BPM) was added by different concentrations are (0, 2, 4 and 6)wt.%. The optical properties of composites have been studied in the wavelength range (200-800)nm. The absorption coefficient ,energy gap, refractive index, extinction coefficient and dielectric constants have been determined. The results show that the optical constants change with increase of BPM concentrations .

This study is meant to examine the thesis quality of students of English Department at IAIN Samarinda. Through the descriptive-quantitative research, the thesis quality of students of English Department at IAIN Samarinda is reviewed from the aspects of language, structure, concepts understanding, theoretical framework, methodology, content, writing mechanism, and references used. This study also tries to figure out any factors that affect the thesis quality of English Department students. Fourteen English Department Students’ thesis tested in 2013 are used as the main data. In addition, other data are obtained from respondents i.e. 19 students, and informants i.e. lecturers of English Department who are also their thesis advisors. The result shows that the average score of thesis written by 14 English Department students at IAIN Samarinda academic year of 2013 is 3.16 which is in the range of 2.61-3.40 scale, which is quite good quality. This quality is relevant with the informants’ perceptions about the quality of thesis written by their students. Judging from some aspects, they assume that their students are able to write a good quality of thesis with an average score of 2.81 which is at a scale of 2.61-3.40. The quality is affected by internal factors and external factors. The most decisive internal factor is the respondents’ low score of writing with appropriate and acceptable structure in English. This is the effect of respondents’ lack of ability of composing adequate paragraphs in English. Meanwhile, the most concerning external factor is the quality of learning structure course and the professionalism of the informants in guiding the students to improve their writing ability in thesis writing.

This research deals with the study of the identity lost in the novel (handcuffs of paper) by Writer (Kuwaiti / Iraqi ) Yousif Hadi Mays.This is because of The strange subject presented by the writer ,Kuwait has chosen a sbace for his novel and chose apurely Kuwaiti theme. Hence the importance of the novel, as it came to the subject of identity completely dntdiffere from what we wwrote after the fall off the regime (2003), Which is related to the last coming from outside the country, which remained oscillataing between his mother,s identity where language, religion and history and the identity of the other by virtue and dazzling, and integration and here con not belong to either party. This is a violation of the taboos of prevention and the presentation of a topic is the talk of the hour as presented the nature of policies based on interests and reconsider the issue of human rights in the light of the changes taking place and rapid developments in the world. The first section deals with the conflict of identities , the second is the struggle of ideologies, then the conclusion and the list of sources.

يتتبع هذا البحث تشكُل الشخصيات وطريقة بنائها في رواية "أوراق شمعون المصري"، في محاولة لاستكشاف دلالات الشخصيات ومدلولاتها، من خلال الوقوف على تصنيفها وعلاماتها السيميائية، وانطلق البحث في تتبعه لشخصيات النص من المقولات النقدية لفيليب هامون، واعتماد رؤيته في إبراز دال الشخصية ومدلولاتها.سار البحث في اتجاهات متوازية ليُبرز من خلالها بنائية الشخصيات داخل النص السردي، اعتمادًا على أن الشخصية علامة سيميائية تتشكل من دال ومدلول، وتحقق ذلك من خلال تقديم نظري تضمن الرؤية السيميائية للشخصية الروائية. وتبِع ذلك الجانب التطبيقي الذي تضمن تصنيف شخصيات النص المدروس وفقًا لتقسيمات هامون: (شخصيات مرجعية – شخصيات إشارية – شخصيات استذكارية)، ويستكشف البحث كذلك مستوى وصف الشخصيات، سواء عبر دال الشخصية (الأسماء)، أو عبر مدلول الشخصية (طرق تقديم الشخصية كميًا ونوعيًا).AbstractThis research is about how the characters are formed and built in the novel, "The Papers of the Egyptian Shimon", in an effort to explore the connotations of the characters, by identifying their classification and semiotic features. The research based its tracking of the characters of the text on the critical statements of Philip Hammon, and adopting his vision in highlighting the character and its connotations.The research proceeded in parallel directions to highlight the character's constructiveness within the narrative accomplishment, depending on the character being a semiotic sign consisting of a signifier and a connotation, and achieving this through a theoretical presentation that ensures the character's semiotic vision. This was followed by the applied aspect that included classifying the characters of the studied text according to Hamon's divisions: (reference characters - signaling characters - memorabilia characters), then stopping the search in front of the character description level, tracking the character's signifier (names), and the character's connotation (ways of presentation the character quantitatively and qualitatively).

Copyright of Journal of The Iraqi University is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A man's use of words is commonly taken as a measure of his knowledge and even of his intelligence. Creativity is one of the distinctive properties of human language, it is the ability to produce and understand new forms in a language. Creativity is mostly crystallized when it comes to words formation in general and internet created words in particular. It is apparent in speakers’ lexical knowledge as well , where new lexes are appended to our mental repertoire constantly. The aim of this study is to determine whether performing word formation processes supports EFL college students autonomy and to identify the most vital word formation processes activated on internet language . The research is an experimental one where a sample of (30) students of 2nd year students at the College of Education / Ibn-Rushd for the academic year 2014-2015 randomly selected to take a pre-test on morphology in general and word formation processes characterized by affixation in particular to identify the formed words and to derive new words mainly by the process of derivation being the most focused process in the curriculum. After three months course teaching of word formation processes highlighted mostly by the most common processes Developed by internet language , a post-test is administered. Finally, in order to capture the probable significance of performing these processes on students’ autonomy, a(Mann-Whitney U test ) is used. The results come to reject the null hypothesis, and prove positively the enhancement achieved through learning and performing these processes especially when enriched by up-to-date internet derivations and creativity.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the research papers published in the periodical entitledContinuing Education in terms of their compliance with the academic criteria required and recognized byrefereed periodicals. To achieve this purpose .the study was conducted on 13 articles as a sample randomlyselected from work published in the abovementioned periodical. This sample represented 30% of all thepapers published between 1980 and 1987. In the light of these results, the writer was able to arrive at several recommendatiOns that wouldensure the improvement of the academic standard of research published in the concerned periodical.

Among the emerging jurisprudential topics is cash paper, and the later and contemporary jurists of the Imamiyyah and Islamic schools of thought tried to explain the reality of cash paper. Cash has no value, but its value alone is in the cover and the balance, whether it is gold or something else, such as the strength of the country, and on this basis we preferred the jurisprudential rulings that are appropriate to this fact: from the non-fulfillment of usury in exchange for it being of the numbered, and it is not required for them to receive in the council, and it is not obligatory in them. Zakat, and usury is fulfilled, so it is forbidden, and a speculative contract is valid in it

The present study attempts to identify and analyse the collocational errors committed in writing by Iraqi EFL researchers whose major is English. The corpus involves (10 ) papers chosen randomly from various Iraqi universities. The research aims at identifying and analyzing both lexical and grammatical collocationalerrors. The results show that the performance of Iraqi researchers in both patterns seems to be influenced by L1 transfer. Moreover, it is found that other factors contribute to the high frequency of collocation errors committed by them, namely the lack knowledge of collocationalskills, especially with regard to collocationalrestriction,the misuse of synonyms, and thetendencyforovergeneralization. Furthermore, it is found that lexical collocation is the most recurrent error throughout the data. This is due to the grammar-based method ,which is broadly adopted in Iraqi classes.

This research was put to the demand functions for different kinds of paper and paper board in china, aiming to locate the factors which affect the quality demand of these commodities using linear and non linear functions. The results of the application illustrated that the 1/2 logarithm function for the base 10 on the right side was the best perfect state for writing and reading paper, and the logarithm function for the base 10 for both sides was the perfect state of news paper, and the multiple linear regression was the best state for other kinds of paper and paper boards, while the logarithm function for the base 10 for both sides was represent the state of gross paper and paper boards. With regard to import functions, the results indicated that the 1/2 logarithm function for the base 10 on the right side was represented the best perfect state for writing and reading paper, while the logarithm function for the base 10 for both sides was represented the perfect state for news paper, other kinds of paper and paper board and for the gross paper and paper board.

There is no doubt that the writing is one of the largest and most important civilized steps of mankind, because it helped to blogging and transfer of expertise and Sciences from generation to another one. Various writing instruments have represented the main concern for human beings to monopolize and control it from different civilizations throughout history. Invention of paper has been one of the most important achievements of human beings for the dissemination of science and knowledge. Different civilizations and nations successive have worked to develop and improve the paper to serve different purposes of writing for more than 2000's years. Paper has sat on top of writing instruments for too long and has become the most important writing material for its' ease of production, multiplicity of raw materials, and its low costs, and although the digital era paper still on the top.

Copyright of Journal of Economic Administrative & Legal Sciences is the property of Arab Journal of Sciences & Research Publishing (AJSRP) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Human Sciences Journal / Revue des Sciences Humaines is the property of Universite des Freres Mentouri Constantine and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Mauritanian written press has gone through several stages during its historical journey and has not been isolated from the political situation of the country, but has been subject to its perception of what His Majesty should be, since its appearance during the French colonization of the country, and after the creation of the national state in the sixties of the last century, passing through the period of the military regime before the declaration of political and media pluralism in the country in 1991 and the consequent dilution of the journalistic field, where the door was opened wide to excessive leniency in obtaining a press license, as well as some major obstacles, such as lack of funding, training and harassment of journalists. However, this did not prevent this press from playing at that time the role of watchdog over the executive power by awakening public opinion on the conduct of public affairs and by revealing many hidden social and political problems that the public opinion would not have been aware without the pioneering role of this written press. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of the Social Sciences is the property of Kuwait University, Academic Publication Council and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The new digital technology in the field of maps and satellite images are one of the Important means in Build and update database of a thematic paper map, which is for the study of a particular subject in a specific time and that because of its these technologies from the full capability to deal with paper maps and turn it into a digital form which can be read co-ordinates digitally. From this point has become a set of these modern digital technologies necessary weapon used by the planner to control of data variables in a specific time and place specified. The inefficiency of paper maps through their inability to identify the logical relationships between the elements of the spatial maps does not appear effect on any element last linked with a logical, as well as the difference in scaling of these maps are disabled in the work of analysis and comparison mathematically and finally, the time that started to build the spatial and the attribute data is considered obstacle to update the map. Accordingly the updating of the data of the thematic map are the process is very expensive and time-consuming and therefore the lack of planning and engineering trend to overcome those obstacles are the problem of the research, . This approach can be summed up the adoption of satellite imagery techniques with high resolution of one meter and digital image processing software and GIS programs as well as the technique of the Global Positioning System.