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New records are added to the Papilionoidea of Guinea-Bissau, many of which were obtained within the country’s Protected Areas. Examination of the collected material yielded 9 new genera and 47 new species for the country, significantly increasing the knowledge of local butterfly diversity. 99 genera and 244 species are now known to occur in Guinea-Bissau, representing an increase of almost 20 % in the number of species and 7 % in the genera in relation to previous data. For each species, the studied material, probable abundance and proposed conservation status in the country are reported; some corrections relative to a few previous misidentifications are added. A gazetteer of the prospected localities is included, as well as species’ occurrences within the Protected Areas and previous bibliographic references in Guinea-Bissau. The known geographical range, primary habitat and host-plants of each species/subspecies are also provided.

Butterflies of the Afrotropical genus Cymothoe are characterised by sexual dimorphism. Females of the most common species of the genus, Cymothoe caenis Drury, occur in many different forms in the equatorial zone, while only a single form is present west of the Niger Delta in Nigeria, raising the question as to whether the two populations need taxonomic recognition. We present molecular and genitalic evidence that the western populations of C. caenis s.l. comprise a distinct species: Cymothoe druryi sp. nov.

Two genera of Afrotropical Hesperiidae are described to receive species currently placed in Ceratrichia Butler, where they do not belong. Ceratricula gen. nov. comprises a single species spanning most of the main rainforest zone from Sierra Leone to Uganda and south to Zambia in three subspecies, ssp. congdoni ssp. nov. being new and ssp. indeterminabilis Strand raised from synonymy. Flandria gen. nov. consists of three rare or very rare species that are limited to eastern Cameroun and the western Democratic Republic of Congo, which gives this genus a more restricted range than any other among the African forest skippers; the three Flandria had previously been placed in Ceratrichia, Pardaleodes, or Andronyinus.

Two genera of Afrotropical Hesperiidae are described to receive species currently placed in Ceratrichia Butler, where they do not belong. Ceratricula gen. nov. comprises a single species spanning most of the main rainforest zone from Sierra Leone to Uganda and south to Zambia in three subspecies, ssp. congdoni ssp. nov. being new and ssp. indeterminabilis Strand raised from synonymy. Flandria gen. nov. consists of three rare or very rare species that are limited to eastern Cam-eroun and the western Democratic Republic of Congo, which gives this genus a more restricted range than any other among the African forest skippers; the three Flandria had previously been placed in Ceratrichia , Pardaleodes , or Andro-nymus .

The genus Ampittia Moore, 1882 is accepted as a valid genus occurring in both Africa and Asia on the basis of a number ofunusual shared characters, a somewhat surprising result since we had expected to describe a new genus. The species A. kilo- mbero sp. nov. from Tanzania is described as the third African member of the genus. Andronymus fontainei sp. nov. isdescribed from the DRC as a probable endemic of the Albertine Rift. Chondrolepis ducarmei sp. nov. is a submontane speciesthat is certainly endemic to the Albertine Rift. Chondrolepis uluguru sp. nov. is a submontane species from the Uluguru Moun-tains in Tanzania; it is yet another endemic of the Eastern Arc Mountains that are one of the most urgent conservation concerns in Tanzania.