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Stroke poses a social and economic burden worldwide.Intravenous thrombolytic therapy and endovascular interventional therapy are recommended as early as possible for patients with acute ischemic stroke in many national and international guidelines, however, their clinical applications are limited due to their strong time dependence.To date, the treatment of acute stroke in China has many problems, such as backward development of hospital treatment process and shortage of stroke professionals.Establishing a complete stroke green channel and maintaining its smooth operation contributes to the most important and effective way to promote thrombolytic therapy, which requires setting a clear target time, appropriately adjusting the hospital layout and hardware and software investment, attaching importance to team building and clear job responsibilities.Moreover, the most important task is to improve the green channel process through replacing the "serial mode" with the "parallel mode", making full use of the first aid map of stroke, bridging the gap between pre-hospital and in-hospital treatment, and popularizing stroke-related knowledge.In recent years, considerable progress has been made in the construction of stroke green channel in China.The implementation of the above-mentioned reform mode may minimize pre-hospital and in-hospital delays, expand the benefit population of stroke and thus improve the early treatment rate of acute ischemic stroke.脑卒中造成全球社会经济负担。国内外多项指南推荐急性缺血性卒中患者尽早进行静脉溶栓治疗和血管内介入治疗，但因其时间依赖性强而临床应用受限。现阶段我国急性卒中救治仍存在就诊流程落后、卒中专业团队人力不足等各种问题。建立完善的脑卒中绿色通道并保障其顺利运行是推广溶栓治疗最重要且最有效的途径，不仅需要明确目标时间、适当调整医院布局及硬件软件投入、重视团队建设、明确岗位职责，更重要的是进行绿色通道流程改进，以“并联模式”替代“串联模式”，同时可结合卒中急救地图发布，院前院内紧密衔接，普及卒中相关知识等措施。我国脑卒中绿色通道建设近年来已取得了相当的进展，推广上述改革模式，可最大限度地减少院前及院内延误，扩大卒中获益人群，提高急性缺血性卒中早期救治率。.

Currently, the systematized nomenclature of medicine (SNOMED) of liver cancer is confusing, and it is mixed with the SNOMED of cholangiocarcinoma. We hereby presented our own points, hoping to provide a reference for standardizing the nomenclatures and classifications of liver cancer in future clinical studies. The preface of Chinese Guidelines of Primary Liver Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment (2019 Edition) indicated that primary liver cancer mainly includes three different pathological types, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and mixed-type carcinoma of both HCC and ICC. These three types of carcinoma show great differences in terms of pathogenesis, biological behavior, histological morphology, treatment methods, and prognosis, among which, HCC accounts for 85% to 90%. Therefore, this study is a detailed analysis of the above-mentioned related SNOMED and proposes suggestions for corrections.目前肝癌的命名很不规范，并与胆管癌命名混淆，作者在此提出自己的观点，希望能够为规范今后肝癌的命名与分类提供参考。我国“原发性肝癌诊疗规范（2019年版）”（以下简称“规范”）的前言部分指出：原发性肝癌主要包括肝细胞癌（HCC）、肝内胆管癌（ICC）和HCC-ICC混合型3种不同病理学类型，3者在发病机制、生物学行为、组织学形态、治疗方法以及预后等方面差异较大，其中HCC占85%~90%。本文就上述相关名称作详细分析并提出更正建议。.

To compare the effectiveness of the jaw thrust and the trapezius squeezing test(TST) for laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion in infants and children under sevoflurane anesthesia.A total of 100 children aged from 6 month to 3 years, American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) Ⅰ-Ⅱ and undergoing minor operation were enrolled from January to June 2015 in Tianjin Children's Hospital. The patients were randomly divided into jaw thrusting group (Group J, n=50)and trapezius squeezing group(Group T, n=50). Anesthesia was induced with sevoflurane. When children's eyelash reflex lose, jaw thrust/trapezius squeeze was applied every 15 seconds.It's considered that the depth of anesthesia was not enough, and test reaction was positive if any movements of body, limbs or toes were found at the point of test. Sevoflurane should be keep on inhalation until negative test reaction was appeared. Then LMA was inserted immediately.The time required for the negative test, end-tidal sevoflurane concentrations (ETsev), the index of Narcotrend anesthesia monitor(NT), the occurrence of gross purposeful movements, coughing, gagging, breath-holding, laryngospasm or an SpO290% during LMA insertion in two groups of patients were observed and recorded. The condition of LMA insertion and the rate of successful insertion were evaluated. The blood pressure(BP), heart rate(HR) and SpO2 were also recorded before and after LMA insertion.In group J and group T, the time required for the negative test was (2.31±1.03) vs (2.85±0.97)min(t=-2.462, P0.05), ETsev was(3.25±1.02)% vs (3.81±0.87) %(t=-2.361, P0.05), the depth of anesthesia NT index was(50.41±5.38) vs (41.32±4.92)(t=3.021, all P0.05). All of above results were significantly different. The successful rate of the first attempt LMA insertion was 78% vs 100%(χ(2)=12.36 , P0.01), respectively. The differences had statistical significance. The conditions of LMA insertion in group T were superior to those in group J. The incidences of gross purposeful movements, coughing, gagging, breath-holding and SpO290% during LMA insertion in group J were 20%, 16%, 10%, 14% and 8%, which were higher than those in group T (2%, 2%, 0, 2%, 0), the differences were significant(χ(2)=8.27, 5.98, 5.26, 4.89, 4.17, all P0.05). No significant change in blood pressure, heart rate and SpO2 were found before and after inserting LMA in two groups.The trapezius squeezing test is a superior indicator of adequate condition for LMA insertion compared to the jaw thrust in infants and young children under sevoflurane anesthesia.

8% barium sulfate was used in 70 cases of placental angiography. The placentas were studied and classified, including normal placentas and intrauterine growth retarded fetus (IUGR) placentas. In 14 of 20 IUGR cases placental cotyledonic artery was thin and less-branched, while it was so in only 5 of the normal cases. (P less than 0.005) Cotyledon is the basic functional unit, so the thin and less-branched cotyledon leads to the shortage of blood supply for fetus and then influences fetal growth and development. Thus is revealed the relationship between IUGR fetus and placental vascular morphology.