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Objective: To evaluate the characteristics of choroidal thickness changes and abnormalities in choroidal circulation in cases of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC)., Methods: This was a case control study, we measured the bilateral choroidal thickness in 21 patients with unilateral CSC and 24 eyes of 24 age- and sex-matched normal subjects using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT). The choroid was measured from the posterior edge of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) to the choroid-scleral junction at 500 µm intervals of a horizontal section from 3 mm temporal to the fovea to 3 mm nasal to the fovea. Paired-samples t-test was conducted to compare mean choroidal thicknesses between symptomatic eyes and fellow eyes of patients. The datum between patients and normal subjects were analyzed by independent-samples t-test. Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA) and indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) were performed and the digital images were analyzed in CSC patients., Results: The 21 CSC patients had a mean age of 45.6 years, and 12 patients (57.1%) were male. The choroid in symptomatic eyes was thickest beneath the fovea (519.0 ± 102.5) µm. It was significantly thicker than that in the fellow eyes (439.3 ± 94.1) µm (t = 4.171, P < 0.05). Choroidal thickness in both groups was significantly greater than that in the eyes of age- and sex-matched normal subjects (332.0 ± 67.3) µm (t = 7.125, 4.441; P < 0.05). Choroidal thickness at each of the other 12 points showed a similar tendency (t = 2.544 to 3.819, 4.799 to 7.816, 2.487 to 5.236; P < 0.05). ICGA showed a choroidal filling delay (100%), vessels dilation (90.5%), and focal choroidal hyperfluorescence (100%) surrounding leakage from the RPE in symptomatic eyes. Pigment epithelium detachment with abnormal choroidal circulation was observed in 6 fellow eyes. In 4 symptomatic eyes and 11 fellow eyes, ICGA revealed choroidal hyperfluorescence but FFA showed normal appearance., Conclusions: CSC seems to be a bilateral eye disease with choroidal focal ischemia followed by vessels congestion and hyperpermeability. EDI OCT is a useful tool for monitoring choroidal thickness changes caused by choroidal vascular hyperpermeability.

Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT) on quantifying choroidal thickness (CT) in normal subjects., Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. From June to November 2011, 129 eyes of 129 normal subjects were enrolled in this study and divided into three groups by age distribution. Group A, 43 eyes, 22 to 40 years old; group B, 42 eyes, 41 to 60 years old and group C, 44 eyes, 61 to 79 years old. They were examined with EDI-OCT for CT. The choroid was measured from the posterior edge of the retinal pigment epithelium to the choroid-scleral junction at 500 µm intervals of a horizontal section from 3 mm temporal to the fovea to 3 mm nasal to the fovea. The paired t test was used to analyze differences in CT by location in the macula. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to compare mean CT in different groups. Subsequently the data between two groups were analyzed by least significant difference (LSD-t). The reliability was evaluated by intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC)., Results: The choroid was thickest beneath the fovea (305.9 ± 78.2) µm. The mean CT decreased rapidly in the nasal direction and gradually in the temporal direction, reaching (159.0 ± 67.3) µm at 3 mm nasal to the fovea and (256.8 ± 73.6) µm at 3 mm temporal to the fovea. There was a significant difference between subfoveal CT and CT at all extrafoveal locations (t = 4.021 to 34.544, P < 0.05). There was also a significant difference of CT at all locations among three age groups (F = 34.122 to 72.239, P < 0.05). CT was significantly greater in group A than group B and C at all locations (P = 0.000, 0.000). It was also significantly greater in group B than group C (P = 0.000). The inter-examination ICC values ranged from 0.979 to 0.996. The intraobserver ICC values ranged from 0.981 to 0.997. The interobserver ICC values ranged from 0.971 to 0.995., Conclusions: Normal CT can be measured accurately by EDI-OCT. There are significant differences of CT between different age groups in normal subjects.

Objective: To describe features of vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMT) on three-dimensional (3D) spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT)., Methods: Eighteen eyes of 18 patients with VMT were diagnosed by SD OCT. SD OCT images were obtained and retrospectively analyzed. These VMT cases were defined as focal type or broad type by the region of the vitreous attachment to the macula. The relationship between the logMAR best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and the retinal thickness of macular fovea was evaluated by linear regression analysis., Results: SD OCT provided detailed 3D images of VMT and revealed information about the extent of vitreomacular traction. Focal VMT was seen in 14 eyes. Broad VMT was seen in four eyes. Eight cases had concurrent epiretinal membrane in the areas surrounding the fovea. Two cases had concurrent full thickness macular hole and two cases had concurrent lamellar macular hole. LogMAR BCVA correlated with the retinal thickness of macular fovea (r = 0.616, P = 0.007, linear regression analysis)., Conclusions: SD OCT allows good visualization of the architectural morphology of the vitreous and retina in vitreomacular traction syndrome. It is useful and irreplaceable for the diagnosis and follow-up of VMT.