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The paper is based on the non-relativistic three quark model of the baryons including mass differences depending on the electromagnetic as well on the hypercharge. Assuming that the binding energies between two quarks in the baryons are the well known linear combinations of the binding energies we verify different mass formulas between the baryons. Some ones can be verified without additional assumptions, other ones only by supposing relations between the binding energies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the magnetic hyperfine structure of the hydrogen ground state is derived from non-relativistic quantum mechanics and is thus shown to be not an essentially relativistic effect as it might appear from previous derivations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Weakly ionized neon columns are excited by a microwave cavity at the upper hybrid frequency (with ratios of electron cyclotron frequency to wave frequency of about 1/2). Low frequency signals are observed in the range of the lower hybrid frequency. These signals are split into three branches with frequency ratios 1∶2∶3 and exhibit threshold behaviour. The second branch is closest to the lower hybrid frequency. Similar results are obtained for helium, argon, and mercury plasmas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The growing of oxid layers on pure metal films at low temperatures may be explained by acceptor levels at the oxid-oxygen interface. These surface states produce an electrical field of high strength by extracting about 10 electrons per cm out of the metal film. As had been shown in earlier experiments, this capturing process shifts the superconducting transition temperature to higher values for the 3-valent metals Al, In and Tl and to lower values for the 4-valent metals Sn and Pb. Extended studies on Tl show that this change in transition temperature is proportional to the relative decrease of the electron density in the metal film. The constant of proportionality has the value k=−4.4 deg. With reasonable assumptions, this constant could be determined for Sn too: k=7.9 deg. These values agree quantitatively with the results of Glover and Sherill who investigated the charge effect on superconductors by a condenser method. They also fit the data calculated by Ginsberg from experimental results on superconducting compounds with his extension of the theory of Markowitz and Kadanoff. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hydrogen-like He II-Fowler-α-(λ=4686 Å)-line has been excited by single electron impact collisions with ground-state helium atoms. The excitation-ionization function was measured from the threshold (76 eV) to 300 eV in a pressure-independent range. A broad maximum of the excitation-ionization function was observed at 200 eV. The line excited by a parallel electron beam has been proved polarized in the energy range quoted above. The degree of polarization increased monotonously from 6% at 300 eV to 13% near the excitation threshold. Comparison was made with previous experimental work. No polarization of the Fowler-α-Line was reported in other investigations. The shape of the excitation-ionization function agrees with that of John and Lin. Comparison with theoretical calculations is not as yet possible because only results of Born approximations are available. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sharp emission line spectra of Sm in KCl single crystals are observed up to 40 °K. From these it is possible to verify the idea of a substitution of a regular cation by an impurity ion and of a simultaneous association of a cation vacancy in the nearest neighbourhood [1/2 (110)]. This means that the crystal field at the place of the bivalent Samarium has the site symmetry C. A cubic symmetry does not explain the spectra. It is possible to identify the line groups with the transitions, which are permitted by reason of the selection rules, and to set up the energy level diagram of the Sm ion in KCl. The separation of the single impurity-vacancy complexes was reached by quenching the crystals from 650 °C to room temperature. The assumption of excitation exchange between neighbouring Samarium ions explains the spectra of the non-quenched crystals. The number of emission lines is determined for two different orientations of two dipole complexes towards one another. An interpretation of the absorption spectra of Sm in KCl is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two-step cascades of neutron capture γ-rays of Sm ( n, γ) Sm have been studied by means of the sum-coincidence method. 11 two-step transitions from the capturing state to the 0,33 and 0.77 MeV states were found. Most of them agree with the decay scheme of Groshev et al., some are new. The relative intensities of the cascades were determined. No two-step transition from the capturing state to the ground state could be observed. Fig. 3 shows the main result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CuBe- and NaCl-targets are bombarded by single electrons (100-600 eV). The secondary electrons accelerated by 40 kV strike the crystal of a scintillation counter, backed by a multichannel analyser. The probability P of emission of n=0, 1, 2, 3, ... secondaries can be found from the pulse height distribution. The probability distribution P= f( n) shows a characteristic deviation from a Poisson's distribution. There was no evidence that there is a preference for even numbers of n as found by Barrington and Anderson. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An apparatus is described for comparing the longitudinal polarization values P of β-particles from different emitters by the method of double scattering. For RaE(Bi) and P we have measured the ratio of polarization values to be P(RaE)/ P(P)=0·757±0·022 at 540 keV. This is in good agreement with previous measurements. Ratios of matrix elements are determined from polarization and spectrum shape data of RaE, but these values are not reliable because the spectrum shape shows a systematic discrepancy between theory and experiment below 200 keV. A discussion of electron polarization and spectrum shape data of P shows that deviations of polarization from the allowed value are probably very small. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Pressure induced absorption has been investigated in mixtures of H with CF, SF, N, CO and NO respectively, in the frequency region 8000-9500 cm of the first overtone of H. In mixtures of H with CF or with SF simultaneous vibrational transitions are observed. The absolute intensities of the induced 0→2 vibrational transition of H in the different mixtures and of the simultaneous transitions have been evaluated. Formulas are derived for the absolute intensity of those induced transitions. The induction of the simultaneous transitions is mainly due to the electrostatic interaction in the collision pairs. The contributions of the electrostatic forces and of the overlap forces are of the same order of magnitude in the case of the induced 0→2 vibrational transition of H. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Zeitschrift für Physik is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)