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1. Measurement of $$\Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)/\Gamma (Z^0 \to hadrons)$$ using impact parameters and leptons

Author

R. Lahmann, D. C. Imrie, J. C. Clayton, B. C. Shen, G. P. Siroli, J. King, A. K. Honma, Christoph Schwick, W. G. Scott, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, M. Jones, Jacqueline Batley, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, M. J. Pearce, Horst Breuker, Margret Fincke-Keeler, D. L. Rees, M. J. Losty, Otmar Biebel, P. Igo-Kemenes, C. Jui, J. Hart, C. Sbarra, S. Barnett, Claude Leroy, A. Astbury, J. P. Pansart, J. D. Gillies, P. Pfister, R. Bartoldus, H. Jeremie, U. Müller, James Pinfold, G. E. Richards, D. Pitman, A. J. Martin, F. C. Grant, M. H. Lehto, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, R. J. Barlow, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, D. Hochman, D. G. Fong, H. O. Ogren, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, D. J. Miller, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, G. Beaudoin, C. K. Hargrove, N. I. Geddes, Matthias Schröder, H. Lafoux, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, J. Steuerer, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, T. G. Shears, B. Boden, K. Stephens, J. R. McNutt, R.J. Akers, J. Lauber, E. do Couto e Silva, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, C. Stegmann, H. Takeda, D. M. Gingrich, D. E. Plane, P. Bentkowski, A. A. Carter, Roger Jones, R. Van Kooten, M. G. Rison, T. J. McMahon, B. Poli, F. G. Oakham, G. M. Dallavalle, M. Hansroul, Madjid Boutemeur, E. Lefebvre, J. W. Gary, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, H. Deng, R. Humbert, Shlomo Dado, Tohru Takeshita, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, F. X. Gentit, B. Fabbro, O. Schaile, P. Berlich, J. A. Wilson, F. Odorici, J. E. Conboy, B. Panzer-Steindel, R. Kowalewski, R. Yaari, D. J.P. Dumas, R. J. Hemingway, Georges Azuelos, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, P. M. Watkins, V. Gibson, S. Bethke, P. Scharff-Hansen, G. Quast, J. M. Lorah, W. Schappert, P. Kroll, Marco Cuffiani, John Baines, X. C. Lou, Silvia Arcelli, W. R. Gibson, A. M. Rossi, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, P. Jovanovic, T. Tsukamoto, W. Mohr, J. F. Kral, Austin Ball, H. M. Fischer, M. A. Whallev, K. W. Bell, Max Weber, D. Menszner, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, S. L. Chu, A. Beck, J. C. Hill, A. Michelini, H. Mes, Norbert Wermes, J. von Krogh, I. P. Duerdoth, A. C. Janissen, J. M. Roney, E. Heflin, Sherry Towers, P. S. Wells, Misao Sasaki, R. J. Homer, M. Hauschild, Alessandro Montanari, R. M. Brown, T. Kawamoto, A. M. Smith, P. M. Hattersley, J. Banks, Lorne Levinson, G. Vasseur, Dave Robinson, Gideon Alexander, P. A. Elcombe, Giora Mikenberg, C. Markus, P. Paschievici, Terry Richard Wyatt, B. Lorazo, D. R. Ward, L. A. del Pozo, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, B. W. Kennedy, T. W. Pritchard, E. Torrente-Lujan, G. Transtromer, Paolo Capiluppi, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, John Hobbs, C. Moisan, R. D. Heuer, M. Coupland, Andris Skuja, G. A. Beck, Fabrizio Fabbri, Achim Stahl, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, J. Becker, P. Teixeira-Dias, D. Van den plas, P. Weber, F. S. Merritt, F. Scharf, Tetsuro Mashimo, G. J. VanDalen, R. Mir, Gregor Herten, D. R. Rust, C. Wahl, B. Schmitt, B. Wilkens, A. Skillman, A. M. Lee, J. E. Pilcher, W. Gorn, A. Gaidot, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, G. Giacomelli, J. A. McKenna, M. J. Oreglia, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, A. D. Schaile, V. H. Winterer, P. Schenk, J. R. Carter, P. F. Harrison, G. N. Patrick, Stephen Lloyd, M. Tecchio, M. S. Dixit, Ehud Duchovni, M. Jimack, H. Ihssen, Frans Meijers, S. W. Gensler, S. J. Hillier, T. Kobayashi, P. E.L. Clarke, H. Przysiezniak, M. Fierro, M. Yurko, S. A. Robins, J. P. Martin, P. W. Jeffreys, S. De Jong, P. Bright-Thomas, S. W. O'Neale, M. A. Thomson, K. J. Anderson, J. G. Layter, T. Hilse, O. Runolfsson, P. Poffenberger, C. Beeston, Claudio Grandi, D. A. Hinshaw, T. Behnke, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, Peter Sherwood, I. J. Bloodworth, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, G. T. Zorn, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, A. Yeaman, M. Settles, M. Foucher, N. K. Watson, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, C. Burgard, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Erez Etzion, Daniel Lellouch, Takehiko Mori, Stefan Kluth, Shlomit Tarem, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, R. P. Middleton, J. Goldberg, B. Nellen, P. Leblanc, M. Morii, T. J. Smith, Peter R Hobson, H. G. Evans, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, P. Routenburg, Gunter Wolf, P. Mättig, Sachio Komamiya, N. J. Tesilian, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, S. Wotton, T. P. Kokott, A. Luig, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, A. Rollnik, R. Giacomelli, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, Gordon H. Hanson, M. W. Redmond, John Allison, R. G. Kellogg, D. S. Koetke, Stefano Marcellini, and James Letts

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Elementary particle, Bottom quark, Charm quark, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Production (computer science), Impact parameter, Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment, Bar (unit)
Abstract

A measurement of\(\Gamma _{b\bar b} /\Gamma _{had} \equiv \Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)/\Gamma (Z^0 \to hadrons)\) is presented using a “mixed tag” method involving the identification of\(Z^0 \to b\bar b\) events by two different techniques. The first uses the large impact parameter of tracks emerging from the decay ofb-flavoured hadrons and the second their semi-leptonic decay. The identification efficiencies are measured from the data using all possible combinations of the two tags in opposite hemispheres. The method is therefore insensitive to Monte Carlo modelling of bottom quark production and ofb-flavoured hadron production and decay properties, and depends only weakly on the simulation of the detector. The data sample collected by OPAL at LEP in 1990 and 1991 is considered. The result is: $$\frac{{\Gamma _{b\bar b} }}{{\Gamma _{had} }} = 0.218 \pm 0.006(stat) \pm 0.007(syst) \pm 0.007(\Gamma _{c\bar c} /\Gamma _{had} ),$$ where the systematic uncertainty due to the charm quark partial width has been separated from the other systematic uncertainties. Combination with previous OPAL measurements gives: $$\frac{{\Gamma _{b\bar b} }}{{\Gamma _{had} }} = 0.220 \pm 0.004(stat) \pm 0.006(syst) \pm 0.006(\Gamma _{c\bar c} /\Gamma _{had} ),$$

Published
1994
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2. Measurement of the photon structure functionF 2 ? in the reactione + e ??e + e ?+hadrons at LEP

Author

James Pinfold, D. G. Fong, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, Otmar Biebel, G. E. Richards, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, Matthias Schröder, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, R. W.L. Jones, Andris Skuja, Tetsuro Mashimo, W. Gorn, H. Deng, R. Humbert, M. Yurko, P. Scharff-Hansen, A. M. Smith, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, J. Steuerer, Erez Etzion, H. Lafoux, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, Norbert Wermes, Sherry Towers, Silvia Arcelli, I. J. Bloodworth, M. Settles, S. A. Robins, P. W. Jeffreys, T. Kobayashi, Gideon Bella, Stefan Kluth, P. Igo-Kemenes, M. Foucher, H. J. Burckhart, P. Bright-Thomas, T. Kawamoto, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, Gregor Herten, C. Wahl, B. Wilkens, D. A. Hinshaw, Jacqueline Batley, Tohru Takeshita, J. G. Layter, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, C. Burgard, H. Jeremie, O. Schaile, Shlomit Tarem, J. J. Ward, G. J. VanDalen, J. C. Clayton, M. A. Thomson, M. Hansroul, P. Weber, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, Georges Azuelos, J. E. Pilcher, Shlomo Dado, T. Behnke, V. Gibson, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, N. I. Geddes, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, R. P. Middleton, M. J. Pearce, Horst Breuker, Max Weber, M. W. Redmond, J. C. Hill, R. J. Homer, X. C. Lou, R. J. Barlow, R. Yaari, P. E.L. Clarke, M. Hauschild, B. C. Shen, P. S. Wells, E. do Couto e Silva, T. W. Pritchard, J. Goldberg, H. Przysiezniak, M. Fierro, J. Banks, S. Bethke, A. K. Honma, W. G. Scott, W. R. Gibson, E. Lefebvre, Marco Cuffiani, J. P. Martin, C. Moisan, B. Nellen, J. W. Gary, F. Odorici, N. J. Tresilian, Terry Richard Wyatt, G. A. Beck, A. T. Watson, P. Mättig, C. Markus, R. G. Kellogg, A. Astbury, Achim Stahl, P. Paschievici, P. Leblanc, S. De Jong, P. Teixeira-Dias, D. S. Koetke, R. D. Heuer, Stefano Marcellini, U. Müller, C. M. Hawkes, M. Coupland, M. Cooper, J. A. McKenna, M. J. Losty, James Letts, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, B. Fabbro, A. J. Martin, Daniel Lellouch, S. L. Chu, T. Hilse, B. Panzer-Steindel, H. Mes, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, Takehiko Mori, A. Beck, H. G. Evans, I. P. Duerdoth, J. Allison, D. Pitman, M. J. Goodrick, G. D. Lafferty, P. F. Harrison, I. Cohen, M. H. Lehto, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, B. Schmitt, E. Heflin, C. Jui, O. Runolfsson, M. Jones, A. Rollnik, P. Poffenberger, R. Giacomelli, C. K. Hargrove, G. Mikenberg, Madjid Boutemeur, Gunter Wolf, R. M. Brown, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, P. M. Hattersley, T. G. Shears, T. J. Smith, R. J. Sobie, D. L. Rees, Lorne Levinson, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, K. Stephens, D. M. Gingrich, A. M. Rossi, C. Beeston, Margret Fincke-Keeler, R.J. Akers, Claudio Grandi, J. R. McNutt, John Hobbs, B. W. Kennedy, Gilles Beaudoin, M. Tecchio, S. Wotton, E. Torrente-Lujan, P. Berlich, G. T. Zorn, P. M. Watkins, V. H. Winterer, Claude Leroy, J. P. Pansart, T. Tsukamoto, R. Lahmann, D. R. Rust, F. C. Grant, D. C. Imrie, Ehud Duchovni, M. A. Whalley, D. E. Plane, M. Sasaki, P. Bentkowski, G. M. Dallavalle, A. M. Lee, M. Jimack, A. Buijs, G. Quast, John Baines, D. M. Strom, C. Stegmann, H. Ihssen, D. J.P. Dumas, P. Pfister, S. W. Gensler, S. J. Hillier, B. Boden, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, B. Poli, D. R. Ward, G. Transtromer, G. P. Siroli, J. King, H. M. Fischer, A. Michelini, R. Kowalewski, A. C. Janissen, S. W. O'Neale, S. Barnett, Christoph Schwick, Gideon Alexander, D. Hochman, Paolo Capiluppi, J. R. Carter, D. Axen, K. J. Anderson, A. Jawahery, Peter Sherwood, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, M. Morii, Peter R Hobson, R. Mir, P. Routenburg, M. J. Oreglia, F. S. Merritt, J. von Krogh, Dave Robinson, G. N. Patrick, L. A. del Pozo, C. Sbarra, R. Bartoldus, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, H. O. Ogren, A. Yeaman, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, A. A. Carter, J. Kroll, R. Van Kooten, S. L. Lloyd, N. K. Watson, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, Sachio Komamiya, M. G. Rison, T. J. McMahon, J. Schwiening, E. Ros, R. K. Carnegie, J. A. Wilson, T. P. Kokott, A. Luig, W. Schappert, J. M. Roney, J. M. Lorah, J. Lauber, W. Mohr, H. Takeda, F. G. Oakham, R. J. Hemingway, P. Jovanovic, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, Alessandro Montanari, J. Hart, J. D. Gillies, D. J. Miller, P. A. Elcombe, J. Becker, F. Scharf, A. Skillman, A. Gaidot, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, G. G. Hanson, G. Giacomelli, A. D. Schaile, P. Schenk, M. S. Dixit, and Frans Meijers

Subjects
Quantum chromodynamics, Quark, Physics, Particle physics, Photon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Perturbative QCD, Vector meson dominance, Elementary particle, Photon structure function, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous)
Abstract

We present measurements of the hadronic photon structure functionF2γ(x), in twoQ2 ranges with mean values of 5.9 GeV2 and 14.7 GeV2. The data were taken by the OPAL experiment at LEP, with\(\sqrt s\) close to theZ0 mass and correspond to an integratede+e− luminosity of 44.8 pb−1. In the context of a QCD-based model we find the quark transverse momentum cutoff separating the vector meson dominance (VMD) and perturbative QCD regions to be 0.27±0.10 GeV. We confirm that there is a significant pointlike component of the photon when the probe photon hasQ2>4 GeV2. Our measurements extend to lower values ofx than any previous experiment, and no increase ofF2γ(x) is observed.

Published
1994
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3. Measurement of $$\Gamma ({\rm Z}^0 \to b\bar b)/\Gamma ({\rm Z}^0 \to hadrons)$$ using leptons

Author

M. Hauschild, P. Singh, Tohru Takeshita, C. Markus, J. Hart, P. Paschievici, R. W. L. Jones, J. D. Gillies, Georges Azuelos, B. Panzer-Steindel, J. F. Kral, Gideon Alexander, Horst Breuker, K. W. Bell, Max Weber, D. J. Miller, J. C. Hill, Paolo Capiluppi, D. Pitman, P. Igo-Kemenes, G. Maringer, M. Jobes, U. Binder, P. E.L. Clarke, J. Steuerer, C. Y. Chang, M. F. Turner, Gideon Bella, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, A. Astbury, F. Lamarche, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, J. Kroll, H. Jeremie, O. Ganel, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, P. Taras, P. Scharff-Hansen, A. J. Martin, R. J. Hemingway, M. H. Lehto, Mitsuaki Nozaki, W. J. Collins, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, G. A. Beck, P. Teixeira-Dias, S. L. Lloyd, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, Silvia Arcelli, A. M. Smith, A. Simon, Otmar Biebel, T. G. Shears, V. Gibson, P. Jovanovic, S. Barnett, H. Ihssen, T. Behnke, Austin Ball, R. Yaari, B. Schmitt, S. W. Gensler, A. Pouladdej, G. E. Richards, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, T. W. Pritchard, S. Bethke, D. Menszner, S. J. Hillier, E. do Couto e Silva, C. J. Virtue, Marco Cuffiani, Margret Fincke-Keeler, P. Pfister, Alessandro Montanari, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, C. K. Hargrove, T. J. Smith, K. Stephens, P. Berlich, H. Deng, R. Humbert, J. R. McNutt, L. Köpke, J. Goldberg, B. Nellen, James Pinfold, M. Jimack, C. Wahl, F. S. Merritt, S. L. Chu, M. Hansroul, D. G. Fong, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, P. Leblanc, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, Norbert Wermes, J. E. Pilcher, A. D. Schaile, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, R. J. Homer, D. R. Rust, B. C. Shen, P. A. Elcombe, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, T. Kawamoto, G. Quast, S. W. O'Neale, H. G. Evans, P. F. Harrison, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, R. J. Sobie, S. Orito, R. G. Kellogg, John Baines, V. H. Winterer, G. D. Lafferty, John Hobbs, A. K. Honma, D. S. Koetke, W. G. Scott, M. Rosvick, R. Mir, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, P. D. Acton, Andris Skuja, M. Tecchio, Stefano Marcellini, W. R. Gibson, J. A. McKenna, James Letts, A. A. Carter, P. M. Hattersley, J. W. Gary, M. Yurko, R. Kowalewski, J. Becker, K. J. Anderson, D. R. Ward, G. Transtromer, Tetsuro Mashimo, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, B. Boden, Claude Leroy, J. P. Pansart, B. Poli, G. J. VanDalen, F. Odorici, R. F. McGowan, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, M. J. Oreglia, J. C. Clayton, P. M. Watkins, W. Gorn, R. Van Kooten, A. Beck, G. A. Bahan, P. W. Jeffreys, P. P. Allport, T. Mouthuy, O. Schaile, N. I. Geddes, C. Jui, F. G. Oakham, J. M. Roney, P. S. Wells, E. Heflin, S. Wotton, A. T. Watson, T. Kobayashi, A. M. Lee, J. Banks, N. J. Tresilian, G. N. Patrick, R. M. Brown, R. D. Heuer, M. Sasaki, J. M. Lorah, Lorne Levinson, M. Coupland, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, Fabrizio Fabbri, W. Mohr, D. Van den plas, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, H. Mes, A. M. Rossi, Shlomo Dado, Erez Etzion, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, M. W. Redmond, I. P. Duerdoth, Stefan Kluth, Shlomit Tarem, T. Tsukamoto, B. W. Kennedy, Gilles Beaudoin, A. Rollnik, P. Poffenberger, E. Torrente-Lujan, R. Giacomelli, S. Levegrün, H. M. Fischer, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, G. Mikenberg, A. Gaidot, M. Kuwano, J. von Krogh, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, R. P. Middleton, P. Routenburg, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, D. E. Plane, P. Bentkowski, Dave Robinson, J. R. Carter, G. M. Dallavalle, L. A. del Pozo, S. Schreiber, T. J. McMahon, D. J.P. Dumas, X. C. Lou, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, J. A. Wilson, P. Bright-Thomas, W. Schappert, P. Weber, R. Lahmann, D. C. Imrie, M. A. Thomson, G. P. Siroli, Christoph Schwick, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, D. L. Rees, T. R. Wyatt, R. J. Barlow, H. Przysiezniak, M. J. Losty, M. Fierro, T. Hilse, O. Runolfsson, Claudio Grandi, G. G. Hanson, G. Giacomelli, P. Schenk, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, J. P. Martin, M. Morii, Peter R Hobson, Sachio Komamiya, S. De Jong, E. Ros, T. P. Kokott, Carla Sbarra, J. G. Layter, I. J. Bloodworth, A. Yeaman, N. K. Watson, M. Settles, M. Foucher, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, C. Burgard, P. Mättig, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, Takehiko Mori, D. A. Hinshaw, J. Allison, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, G. T. Zorn, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, Peter Sherwood, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, and P. Bock

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Particle physics, Muon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Electron, Width ratio, Engineering (miscellaneous), High momentum, Lepton
Abstract

The fraction of $$b\bar b$$ events in hadronicZ 0 decays has been measured from the yield of leptons in the data samples collected by OPAL in 1990 and 1991. A sample enriched in events containing $${\rm Z}^0 \to b\bar b$$ decays was obtained by requiring the presence of an electron or muon with high momentum and high momentum component transverse to the associated hadronic jet. After accounting for backgrounds and acceptances, a value of $$\frac{{\Gamma ({\rm Z}^0 \to b\bar b)}}{{\Gamma ({\rm Z}^0 \to hadrons)}} = 0.220 \pm 0.002 \pm 0.0006 \pm 0.011$$ was obtained. The first two errors reflect the data statistics and the systematic uncertainties arising from detector modelling uncertainties, respectively. The third error includes systematic effects fromb andc fragmentation and decay uncertainties.

Published
1993
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4. Measurement of the averageb hadron lifetime inZ 0 decays

Author

J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, A. Astbury, G. Beaudoin, C. Moisan, G. A. Beck, U. Müller, A. J. Martin, Erez Etzion, Achim Stahl, P. Teixeira-Dias, Tohru Takeshita, I. J. Bloodworth, Shlomo Dado, K. Stephens, Stefan Kluth, A. Skillman, J. R. McNutt, F. S. Merritt, B. Schmitt, Shlomit Tarem, J. G. Layter, Georges Azuelos, A. Gaidot, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, D. Axen, C. K. Hargrove, M. Settles, X. C. Lou, A. Jawahery, F. Odorici, M. Sproston, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, R. Batoldus, V. Gibson, H. Takeda, G. Quast, Madjid Boutemeur, James Pinfold, D. G. Fong, J. Hart, J. D. Gillies, F. G. Oakham, D. Pitman, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, John Baines, T. J. McMahon, M. Foucher, D. J. Miller, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, Gideon Bella, P. Routenburg, N. I. Geddes, Max Weber, Peter Sherwood, F. Lamarche, Margret Fincke-Keeler, Matthias Schröder, Giora Mikenberg, P. Jovanovic, H. J. Burckhart, Sachio Komamiya, C. Jui, Austin Ball, M. H. Lehto, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, D. Menszner, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, Alessandro Montanari, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, Gideon Alexander, H. Lafoux, R. P. Middleton, Otmar Biebel, Paolo Capiluppi, S. L. Chu, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, G. W. Wilson, D. R. Ward, G. E. Richards, D. E. Plane, C. Y. Chang, J. Schwiening, D. Karlen, C. Burgard, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, B. C. Shen, Andris Skuja, T. G. Shears, J. A. McKenna, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, G. Transtromer, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, B. Boden, K. Runge, Gunter Wolf, A. D. Schaile, Tetsuro Mashimo, P. Bentkowski, T. P. Kokott, P. M. Watkins, P. Igo-Kemenes, P. A. Elcombe, R. K. Carnegie, A. Luig, P. Bock, J. P. Martin, B. Poli, A. K. Honma, Ehud Duchovni, V. H. Winterer, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, M. W. Redmond, P. M. Hattersley, H. Deng, R. Humbert, Daniel Lellouch, J. R. Batley, D. M. Gingrich, Silvia Arcelli, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, D. J.P. Dumas, S. De Jong, W. G. Scott, H. Ihssen, H. Jeremie, W. Gorn, P. Pfister, A. Rollnik, R. Giacomelli, J. A. Wilson, H. M. Fischer, D. L. Rees, Takehiko Mori, John Hobbs, W. R. Gibson, J. Becker, S. W. Gensler, R. Kowalewski, R. Lahmann, H. Mes, U. Maur, P. Berlich, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, S. Wotton, S. J. Hillier, T. Kobayashi, C. J. Virtue, L. Köpke, J. C. Clayton, D. C. Imrie, D. A. Hinshaw, P. Scharff-Hansen, J. W. Gary, W. Schappert, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, A. Beck, I. P. Duerdoth, M. J. Losty, J. M. Roney, S. A. Robins, A. M. Smith, E. Heflin, P. E.L. Clarke, T. W. Pritchard, Norbert Wermes, Sherry Towers, G. P. Siroli, Christoph Schwick, J. Steuerer, D. R. Rust, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, J. Goldberg, R. M. Brown, Lorne Levinson, G. J. VanDalen, M. Morii, M. Jimack, Peter R Hobson, M. J. Pearce, Horst Breuker, B. Nellen, P. F. Harrison, G. M. Dallavalle, E. do Couto e Silva, P. Leblanc, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, M. Tecchio, E. Torrente-Lujan, Roger Barlow, John Allison, G. G. Hanson, R. E. Hughes-Jones, H. O. Ogren, T. Behnke, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, M. Hansroul, H. G. Evans, M. J. Goodrick, R. Yaari, J. von Krogh, A. M. Lee, T. J. Smith, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, I. Cohen, R. Mir, P. Schenk, P. Weber, J. E. Conboy, R. G. Kellogg, M. S. Dixit, A. Yeaman, Frans Meijers, Dave Robinson, D. S. Koetke, A. M. Rossi, N. K. Watson, J. M. Lorah, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, L. A. del Pozo, C. Sbarra, T. Tsukamoto, Stefano Marcellini, S. Levegrün, J. Kroll, R. J. Homer, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, James Letts, W. Mohr, P. Mättig, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, F. X. Gentit, G. T. Zorn, A. A. Carter, M. J. Oreglia, Roger Jones, R. Van Kooten, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, A. Pouladdej, B. Fabbro, J. R. Carter, B. Panzer-Steindel, G. N. Patrick, G. Giacomelli, J. Banks, N. J. Tresilian, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, S. Barnett, D. Hochman, M. Yurko, P. W. Jeffreys, P. Bright-Thomas, R. J. Hemingway, M. A. Thomson, T. Hilse, O. Runolfsson, C. Beeston, Claudio Grandi, H. Przysiezniak, M. Fierro, P. Poffenberger, M. Hauschild, C. Markus, P. Paschievici, F. C. Grant, R.J. Akers, O. Schaile, M. A. Whalley, Gregor Herten, C. Wahl, B. Wilkens, J. E. Pilcher, S. W. O'Neale, K. J. Anderson, M. F. Turner, B. W. Kennedy, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, C. Stegmann, Tatsuo Kawamoto, M. Jones, Claude Leroy, J. P. Pansart, P. S. Wells, Terry Richard Wyatt, and M. Coupland

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Maximum likelihood, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Detector, Elementary particle, Electron, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Quantum field theory, Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment, Lepton
Abstract

A sample of 2610 electron candidates and 2762 muon candidates identified in hadronicZ0 decays has been used to measure the averageb hadron lifetime. These data were recorded with the OPAL detector during 1990 and 1991. Maximum likelihood fits to the distributions of the lepton impact parameters yield an averageb hadron lifetime of $$\tau _b = 1523 \pm 34 \pm 38fs$$ , where the first error is statistical and the second systematic. This result is a weighted average over the semileptonic branching fractions and production rates of theb hadrons produced inZ0 decays.

Published
1993
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5. Measurements of $$B^0 - \bar B^0 $$ mixing, $${{\Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)} {\Gamma (Z^0 \to hadrons)}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\Gamma (Z^0 \to hadrons)}}$$ and semileptonic branching ratios forb-flavoured hadrons in hadronicZ 0 decays

Author

F. S. Merritt, Sachio Komamiya, E. Ros, Otmar Biebel, G. E. Richards, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, H. Deng, R. Humbert, T. J. Smith, K. Stephens, Madjid Boutemeur, D. Pitman, M. H. Lehto, M. Yurko, S. A. Robins, J. R. McNutt, T. P. Kokott, A. Luig, B. Fabbro, B. Panzer-Steindel, A. Skillman, B. C. Shen, Gregor Herten, A. Gaidot, T. Wlodek, P. G. Estabrooks, M. Sproston, P. W. Jeffreys, T. G. Shears, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, T. Kobayashi, Norbert Wermes, Sherry Towers, P. Weber, Ehud Duchovni, R. K. Keeler, C. Wahl, A. K. Honma, W. G. Scott, B. Wilkens, T. Kawamoto, J. Steuerer, R. G. Kellogg, M. Jimack, P. Igo-Kemenes, R. Bartoldus, D. M. Gingrich, H. Ihssen, J. M. Roney, D. S. Koetke, P. M. Watkins, J. W. Gary, J. E. Pilcher, H. O. Ogren, S. Orito, H. Jeremie, W. R. Gibson, G. Quast, J. M. Lorah, M. Rosvick, John Baines, Gideon Bella, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, Stefano Marcellini, S. W. Gensler, M. Hansroul, P. Bright-Thomas, R. Kowalewski, C. Sbarra, M. Jones, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, S. J. Hillier, R. Mir, James Letts, C. J. Virtue, P. Berlich, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, V. Gibson, L. Köpke, H. M. Fischer, M. J. Losty, R. J. Sobie, R.J. Akers, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, A. Beck, M. A. Thomson, W. Mohr, E. Heflin, D. R. Ward, G. Transtromer, J. Kroll, R. M. Brown, D. R. Rust, E. do Couto e Silva, G. J. VanDalen, Michael Dittmar, T. Behnke, P. A. Elcombe, S. L. Lloyd, J. Mildenberger, R. J. Homer, Lorne Levinson, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, Harold Nguyen, Claude Leroy, G. G. Hanson, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, J. C. Clayton, G. Yekutieli, B. W. Kennedy, M. J. Oreglia, P. M. Hattersley, J. Becker, J. P. Pansart, Gilles Beaudoin, E. Torrente-Lujan, T. Hilse, P. F. Harrison, R. Yaari, Silvia Arcelli, F. Scharf, M. Tecchio, Margret Fincke-Keeler, N. I. Geddes, F. C. Grant, A. Yeaman, S. Bethke, O. Runolfsson, M. W. Redmond, A. M. Lee, G. Giacomelli, N. K. Watson, A. A. Carter, M. A. Whalley, Marco Cuffiani, R. Van Kooten, P. Mättig, P. Pfister, Erez Etzion, R. Lahmann, D. C. Imrie, C. Beeston, P. Schenk, E. Lefebvre, C. M. Hawkes, Claudio Grandi, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, C. Stegmann, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, G. N. Patrick, Gideon Alexander, Stefan Kluth, M. Hauschild, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, M. Sasaki, Takehiko Mori, Paolo Capiluppi, S. L. Chu, Tohru Takeshita, M. G. Rison, F. Odorici, C. Markus, T. W. Pritchard, P. Paschievici, J. R. Carter, G. P. Siroli, J. King, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, Christoph Schwick, P. E.L. Clarke, Shlomit Tarem, J. P. Martin, M. Morii, D. E. Plane, O. Schaile, Georges Azuelos, Peter R Hobson, C. Moisan, G. A. Beck, Achim Stahl, P. Teixeira-Dias, J. F. Kral, G. D. Lafferty, P. Bentkowski, P. Routenburg, S. De Jong, G. M. Dallavalle, S. W. O'Neale, P. S. Wells, K. W. Bell, Max Weber, A. Rollnik, P. Poffenberger, R. Giacomelli, J. C. Hill, J. von Krogh, I. J. Bloodworth, J. Banks, N. J. Tresilian, John Hobbs, J. A. McKenna, D. J.P. Dumas, Terry Richard Wyatt, A. T. Watson, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, B. Schmitt, R. J. Barlow, H. Przysiezniak, M. Settles, R. D. Heuer, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, M. Coupland, K. J. Anderson, Dave Robinson, A. M. Rossi, T. Tsukamoto, S. Levegrün, M. Fierro, R. P. Middleton, M. Foucher, S. Barnett, C. Y. Chang, J. G. Layter, M. F. Turner, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, L. A. del Pozo, C. Burgard, T. J. McMahon, D. Hochman, J. Schwiening, B. Boden, C. Jui, B. Poli, R. K. Carnegie, H. Mes, J. A. Wilson, J. Goldberg, I. P. Duerdoth, B. Nellen, W. Schappert, A. D. Schaile, G. Mikenberg, P. Leblanc, V. H. Winterer, H. G. Evans, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, Gunter Wolf, James Pinfold, D. G. Fong, S. Wotton, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, Marcello Mannelli, J. E. Duboscq, R. W.L. Jones, Andris Skuja, Tetsuro Mashimo, W. Gorn, P. Scharff-Hansen, A. M. Smith, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, F. Lamarche, R. J. Hemingway, P. Jovanovic, Austin Ball, D. Menszner, Alessandro Montanari, J. Hart, J. D. Gillies, D. J. Miller, J. Lauber, H. Takeda, F. G. Oakham, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, D. L. Rees, M. J. Pearce, Horst Breuker, Shlomo Dado, X. C. Lou, D. A. Hinshaw, A. Astbury, U. Müller, A. J. Martin, C. K. Hargrove, Matthias Schröder, H. Lafoux, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, J. Allison, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, G. T. Zorn, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, Peter Sherwood, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, and P. Bock

Subjects
Quark, Physics, Particle physics, Muon, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Branching fraction, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Energy (signal processing), Boson, Bar (unit)
Abstract

From a sample of about 450 000 hadronicZ0 decays, measurements of the average\(B^0 - \bar B^0 \) mixing parameter, χ, the branching fraction ofZ0 bosons into hadrons containing bottom quarks,\({{\Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)} \mathord{\left/ {\vphantom {{\Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)} {\Gamma (Z^0 \to hadrons)}}} \right. \kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\Gamma (Z^0 \to hadrons)}}\), the average semileptonic branching ratios for such hadrons,B(b→l) andB(b→c→l), and the mean scaled energy of these hadrons, 〈xE〉, are presented. The measurements were obtained using a simultaneous fit to single-lepton and dilepton events collected with the OPAL detector at LEP, including both electrons and muons. The results are where the errors are statistical and systematic, respectively, in each case. The result forB)b→c→l) excludes decays of the typeb→→l.

Published
1993
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6. Inclusive neutral vector meson production in hadronicZ 0 decays

Author

P. Igo-Kemenes, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, J. Goldberg, P. Teixeira-Dias, G. Maringer, B. Nellen, H. Jeremie, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, M. Hauschild, P. M. Hattersley, R. Mir, P. Leblanc, V. Gibson, J. M. Lorah, I. J. Bloodworth, D. C. Imrie, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, C. Markus, P. Paschievici, Sachio Komamiya, G. P. Siroli, Christoph Schwick, J. M. Roney, D. A. Hinshaw, P. Weber, E. Ros, H. Mes, I. P. Duerdoth, S. Schreiber, A. Astbury, T. J. McMahon, D. J. Miller, W. Mohr, B. C. Shen, H. G. Evans, E. do Couto e Silva, P. E.L. Clarke, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, M. Jimack, M. Hansroul, M. Yurko, M. J. Oreglia, R. Van Kooten, P. W. Jeffreys, D. Pitman, T. P. Kokott, Carla Sbarra, John Allison, O. Ganel, A. J. Martin, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, A. K. Honma, W. G. Scott, J. Steuerer, F. G. Oakham, M. Settles, P. S. Wells, R. G. Kellogg, J. G. Layter, A. M. Lee, M. Jobes, U. Binder, A. D. Schaile, C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous, M. F. Turner, T. Behnke, P. Scharff-Hansen, M. H. Lehto, M. Foucher, P. A. Elcombe, R. J. Homer, R. Kowalewski, Terry Richard Wyatt, J. C. Clayton, Stefano Marcellini, J. A. Wilson, James Letts, Margret Fincke-Keeler, M. Coupland, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, D. L. Rees, J. Becker, T. Mouthuy, G. N. Patrick, F. S. Merritt, Paul Kyberd, O. Schaile, G. W. Wilson, S. Wotton, W. Schappert, F. K. Loebinger, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, M. J. Losty, A. Skuja, D. Karlen, A. Simon, Otmar Biebel, J. Hart, A. M. Smith, V. H. Winterer, M. W. Redmond, G. T. Zorn, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, G. E. Richards, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, R. Yaari, G. Vasseur, P. Pfister, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, P. Poffenberger, Richard Keeler, G. Beaudoin, J. D. Gillies, J. P. Martin, C. K. Hargrove, M. Manelli, H. Deng, R. Humbert, Peter Sherwood, B. Lorazo, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, A. Rollnik, A. M. Rossi, P. Berlich, L. Köpke, Takehiko Mori, R. J. Barlow, M. Morii, Michael Dittmar, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, H. Przysiezniak, G. J. Van Dalen, G. Yekutieli, K. Runge, P. Bock, S. De Jong, Peter R Hobson, D. R. Rust, Tetsuro Mashimo, T. Tsukamoto, P. Lennert, S. Levegrün, A. Gaidot, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, K. Stephens, Claude Leroy, Tohru Takeshita, Shlomo Dado, J. R. McNutt, M. Sproston, J. P. Pansart, T. Kawamoto, J. A. McKenna, F. Lamarche, F. Odorici, N. Paz-Jaoshvili, C. Wahl, W. J. Collins, Erez Etzion, P. Routenburg, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, R. J. Hemingway, A. A. Carter, Randall Sobie, G. D. Lafferty, J. Mildenberger, N. Tesch, A. Dieckmann, C. P. Howarth, T. Hilse, Harold Nguyen, X. C. Lou, S. Orito, Stefan Kluth, M. Rosvick, Shlomit Tarem, P. Jovanovic, R. F. McGowan, Austin Ball, O. Runolfsson, D. Menszner, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, Georges Azuelos, J. E. Pilcher, G. Quast, John Baines, A. Buijs, D. M. Strom, S. Rossberg, W. Gorn, Alessandro Montanari, John Hobbs, Giora Mikenberg, H. O. Ogren, Claudio Grandi, C. J. Oram, G. A. Bahan, Tara Shears, J. F. Kral, K. W. Bell, S. W. O'Neale, D. R. Ward, C. Y. Chang, G. Transtromer, T. W. Pritchard, H. M. Bosch, R. P. Middleton, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, Max Weber, T. J. Smith, A. Yeaman, N. K. Watson, J. Banks, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, G. G. Hanson, N. J. Tresilian, P. Taras, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, S. Weisz, R. D. Heuer, Mitsuaki Nozaki, D. G. Fong, Fabrizio Fabbri, P. Mättig, J. Kroll, Horst Breuker, D. Van den plas, J. Gascon, S. Barnett, G. Giacomelli, H. von der Schmitt, N. J. Thackray, E.J. Prebys, F. X. Gentit, J. von Krogh, J. E. Conboy, J. W. Gary, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, J. E. Duboscq, Dave Robinson, L. A. del Pozo, A. Pouladdej, K. J. Anderson, C. Jui, N. I. Geddes, B. Boden, B. Poli, H. M. Fischer, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, J. R. Carter, D. Hochmann, Silvia Arcelli, Phillip Allport, P. Singh, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Schenk, R. W. L. Jones, N. Wermes, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, P. Le Du, B. Panzer-Steindel, H. Ihssen, S. W. Gensler, T. Kobayashi, C. J. Virtue, P. G. Estabrooks, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, Jacqueline Batley, P. M. Watkins, P. F. Harrison, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, M. Tecchio, D. E. Plane, Stephen Hillier, G. M. Dallavalle, Alan Watson, D. J.P. Dumas, S. Bougerolle, W. R. Gibson, A. Beck, E. Heflin, R. M. Brown, Lorne Levinson, and B. W. Kennedy

Subjects
Physics, Particle physics, Meson production, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Electron–positron annihilation, Hadron, Monte Carlo method, Nuclear physics, Pion, Mass spectrum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutral vector, Ionization energy, Engineering (miscellaneous), Particle Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Results are reported of a study of neutral vector meson production in multihadronicZ0 decays in the OPAL experiment at LEP. Pions and kaons have been identified by specific ionisation energy loss andK±π∓ andK+K− mass spectra have been fitted, in bins of the scaled momentum variablexp, to combinations of resonance signals and non-resonant backgrounds. Rates are given forK*(892)° and o(1020), and production cross sections are compared to the predictions of Monte Carlo models. Overall multiplicities have been determined as 0.76±0.07±0.06K*(892)° and 0.086±0.015±0.010 o(1020) per hadronicZ0 decay (the quoted errors are respectively statistical and systematic). Momentum dependent distortions of the ππ mass spectra, possibly associated indirectly with Bose-Einstein effects, have prevented reliable measurement of the ρ(770)° cross section in this study.

Published
1992
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7. A measurement of electron production in hadronicZ 0 decays and a determination of $$\Gamma (Z^0 \to b\bar b)$$

Author

A. Simon, Otmar Biebel, D. G. Charlton, D. L. Wagner, M. Couch, M. Hansroul, P. G. Estabrooks, R. K. Keeler, R. Humbert, Gideon Bella, H. J. Burckhart, D. Hochman, N. J. Thackray, J. Goldberg, Jacqueline Batley, A. Gaidot, B. Nellen, R. J. Homer, P. M. Watkins, P. Leblanc, P. E.L. Clarke, M. Kuwano, T. Wlodek, M. Sproston, W. J. Collins, Randall Sobie, T. Kawamoto, G. D. Lafferty, P. Routenburg, H. G. Evans, T. W. Pritchard, A. Dieckmann, T. Mouthuy, I. Wingerter, M. J. Goodrick, I. Cohen, A. Astbury, S. Orito, M. Rosvick, C. Fukunaga, S. Bougerolle, J. Hart, A. D. Schaile, C. Moisan, J. P. Walker, O. Ganel, A. J. Martin, Silvia Arcelli, V. H. Winterer, J. M. Lorah, Sachio Komamiya, P. Igo-Kemenes, G. Maringer, P. Teixeira-Dias, W. Mohr, A. M. Rossi, S. R. Hou, K. Riles, R. Mir, H. Jeremie, H. Oh, T. Tsukamoto, S. Levegrün, D. E. Klem, R. E. Hughes-Jones, U. Maur, J. von Krogh, W. R. Gibson, C. Ho, B. P. O'Neill, E. Ros, A. T. Watson, C. K. Hargrove, R. Yaari, R. Van Kooten, S. Wotton, P. Singh, Y. Yang, Margret Fincke-Keeler, P. Ashton, N. I. Geddes, A. Beck, S. Bethke, Marco Cuffiani, D. Pitman, P. A. Elcombe, E. Heflin, M. J. Oreglia, Dave Robinson, R. M. Brown, M. I. Losty, Lorne Levinson, P. F. Harrison, R. W. L. Jones, B. Boden, L. A. del Pozo, M. F. Turner, H. Mes, B. Poli, M. H. Lehto, P. Poffenberger, P. Pfister, P. D. Acton, Stephen Lloyd, K. Stephens, B. B. Brabson, J. R. McNutt, Horst Breuker, B. W. Kennedy, T. P. Kokott, Rene Brun, D. L. Rees, J. Becker, J. R. Carter, P. Le Du, H. Kreutzmann, B. Panzer-Steindel, D. G. Fong, B. C. Shen, J. Gascon, H. von der Schmitt, Erez Etzion, Phillip Allport, G. J. VanDalen, G. N. Patrick, Michael Dittmar, G. Yekutieli, I. P. Duerdoth, Gareth J. Barker, V. Gibson, G. Quast, Shlomit Tarem, H. M. Fischer, A. Michelini, A. C. Janissen, John Baines, D. E. Plane, S. Rossberg, C. J. Oram, A. K. Honma, A. A. Carter, Stephen Hillier, G. M. Dallavalle, S. A. Robins, R. P. Middleton, D. R. Ward, M. W. Moss, G. Transtromer, W. G. Scott, D. J.P. Dumas, Gideon Alexander, Paolo Capiluppi, P. Schenk, J. W. Gary, P. M. Hattersley, S. J. Pawley, Marcello Mannelli, S. Schreiber, Andris Skuja, C. Wahl, P. Berlich, L. Köpke, T. J. McMahon, C. Y. Chang, D. R. Rust, J. Schwiening, R. K. Carnegie, John Hobbs, N. Wermes, C. P. Howarth, Ehud Duchovni, R. Shypit, S. W. O'Neale, Peter R Hobson, P. Taras, R. Kowalewski, Tetsuro Mashimo, J. A. Wilson, P. Lennert, H. Ihssen, G. Beaudoin, W. Schappert, S. W. Gensler, E. do Conto el Silva, T. Kobayashi, W. Gorn, Shlomo Dado, J. E. Pilcher, H. Takeda, F. Odirici, J. Banks, S. Weisz, R. D. Heuer, N. K. Watson, Fabrizio Fabbri, D. Van den plas, F. G. Oakham, G. A. Bahan, M. Jobes, U. Binder, Claude Leroy, P. Scharff-Hansen, W. J. Larson, D. C. Imrie, M. Hauschild, F. Lamarche, G. P. Siroli, R. J. Hemingway, J. P. Pansart, X. C. Lou, P. Paschievici, A. M. Smith, G. Vasseur, B. Lorazo, P. Jovanovic, Austin Ball, Tohru Takeshita, D. Menszner, Alessandro Montanari, Giora Mikenberg, Kiyotomo Kawagoe, Georges Azuelos, J. F. Kral, K. J. Anderson, K. W. Bell, J. D. Gillies, P. S. Wells, C. J. Virtue, R. J. Barlow, Max Weber, Terry Richard Wyatt, J. M. Roney, P. Weber, D. J. Miller, J. C. Hill, Misao Sasaki, O. Schaile, M. Coupland, F. C. Grant, M. A. Whalley, N. C. Wood, A. Buijs, G. A. Snow, C. P. Ward, G. Duckeck, R. Ströhmer, D. Strom, G. T. Zorn, H. M. Bosch, Wolfram Dietrich Zeuner, D. Axen, A. Jawahery, G. Tysarczyk-Niemeyer, Peter Sherwood, R. W. Springer, Alexander Wagner, J. Hagemann, J. Ludwig, K. Runge, P. Bock, C. M. Hawkes, M. Cooper, Daniel Lellouch, D. A. Hinshaw, T. Behnke, Takehiko Mori, M. Yurko, P. W. Jeffreys, A. M. Lee, T. J. Smith, O. Runolfsson, P. Mättig, Claudio Grandi, I. J. Bloodworth, M. Settles, H. Przysiezniak, G. W. Wilson, D. Karlen, F. S. Merritt, J. A. McKenna, R. F. McGowan, H. O. Ogren, Christoph Geich-Gimbel, M. M. Deninno, J. Kroll, F. X. Gentit, J. E. Conboy, M. Ogg, J. Mildenberger, Harold Nguyen, A. Pouladdej, Paul Kyberd, F. K. Loebinger, M. W. Redmond, A. Rollnik, M. Jimack, John Allison, R. G. Kellogg, Stefano Marcellini, James Letts, G. G. Hanson, G. Giacomelli, E.J. Prebys, M. S. Dixit, Frans Meijers, J. G. Layter, S. Sanghera, J. P. Martin, S. De Jong, and P. Debu

Subjects
Physics, Quark, Semileptonic decay, Particle physics, Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous), Branching fraction, Electron–positron annihilation, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, Hadron, Electron, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Engineering (miscellaneous), Production rate
Abstract

The production rate of electrons with momentump>4 GeV/c and large momentum transverse to the jet containing the electron has been measured in 136000 hadronic decays of theZ 0 recorded with the OPAL detector at LEP in 1990. The dominant source of these electrons is the semileptonic decay of hadrons containingb quarks. If we assume that the semileptonic branching fraction ofb hadrons produced on theZ 0 resonance is the same as the branching fraction measured at the ϒ(4S) resonance, we determine $$\Gamma _{b\bar b} = 394 \pm 13 \pm 32$$ MeV, where the first error is statistical and the second error is systematic. The sensitivity of the result to this assumption is discussed. We have reduced the dependence of our result on the model ofb hadron semileptonic decay by taking into account the correlation between the model dependence of the branching fractions measured at the ϒ(4S) and of our kinematic acceptance for electrons.

Published
1992
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