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Background: Accurate assessment of stenosis site, degree, and length in post-intubation laryngotracheal stenosis patients is crucial for procedure selection and prognosis prediction. Despite being the preferred method, bronchoscopy has its drawbacks in severely ill patients, with potential complications and limitations in evaluating airway features beyond high-grade stenosis. Computed Tomography (CT) scans with multiplanar reconstructions are suggested as a safer and alternative diagnostic tool to overcome these limitations. The present work aims to compare the diagnostic performance of CT virtual bronchoscopy (VB) and multiplanar reformatting (MPR) with conventional bronchoscopy (CB) in post-intubation laryngotracheal stenosis patients. Methods: This prospective comparative study, enrolled 30 patients with post-intubation laryngotracheal stenosis from October 2020 to October 2022. All patients were subjected to detailed history taking, thorough clinical examination, endoscopic and radiological investigations. All patients went through CT examination, rigid bronchoscope and underwent tracheal resection anastomosis operation. The evaluated parameters were the length, diameter, and cranio-caudal extent of stenosis in all settings, and the results were compared. Results: No statistically significant differences between computed tomography virtual bronchoscopy and MPR with crico-tracheal resection operation results regarding length (p-value = 0.943), diameter (p-value = 0.939), and craniocaudal extent (p-value = 0.988). Regarding conventional bronchoscopy and crico-tracheal resection, a statistically significant difference in lumen diameter (p-value = 0.024) was noted. No significant difference in length (p-value = 0.943). No statistically significant difference (p-value = 0.951) as regards cranio-caudal extent. Conclusions: CT multiplanar reformatting and virtual bronchoscopy offer accurate, noninvasive assessment of laryngotracheal stenosis, surpassing conventional bronchoscopy. They prove beneficial for precise evaluation of lesion length and lumen diameter, especially beyond high-grade stenosis where conventional bronchoscopy faces limitations. These techniques serve as dependable alternatives for patients at risk for anesthesia, providing a safer diagnostic approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Breast cancer is a variable group of diseases with different genotypic and phenotypic subtypes. Identifying the breast cancer molecular subtype is important in directing the type of treatment. The aim of this work: Our study aimed to evaluate the role of multiparametric MRI in prediction of molecular subtypes of breast cancer. Patients and Methods: A retrospective study included 135 female patients with pathologically proven invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Clinicopathological findings, morphological features, and dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) features were evaluated and correlated with the breast cancer molecular subtypes based on Immunohistochemistry classification. Results: We found that the most common histological grade (61.5%) was grade I &II (low grade) of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). There were 110 (81.5%) masses and 25 (18.5%) non-mass lesions. The luminal A-like (Lum A-like) was the most common subtype seen in 57 (42.2%), then luminal B-like (Lum B-like) in 46 (34.1%), human epidermal growth factor receptor2 (HER2) positive in 14 (10.4%), and triple-negative (TN) was the least common subtype seen in 18 (13.3%) of the lesions. Irregular or Spiculated mass margins and irregular shape were significantly associated with Luminal A-like subtype (87.7%&80.7%) and Luminal B-like (85%&100%), respectively (P=0.002). Larger mass size, multifocality, and non-mass enhancement were reliably associated with HER2-enriched subtype (78.6%,50% & 50%) respectively. The mass with oval shape, circumscribed margin, intra-tumoral high signal intensity on T2WI, rim enhancement, and higher histological grade was highly significant detected in TN breast cancer (P<0.001). The edema pattern was not significantly related to any molecular subtype. Conclusions: Morphological features of breast cancer, intra-tumoral T2WI signal intensity, the pattern of enhancement determined by multiparametric MRI, as well as the histological grade of the tumor could be helpful to predict and differentiate breast cancer molecular subtypes and hormone receptors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]