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Copyright of Yellow River is the property of Editorial Board of Yellow River and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Yellow River is the property of Editorial Board of Yellow River and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

How to utilize the joint operation of reservoir groups to maximize sediment discharge efficiency is a key technical challenge in water and sediment regulation. This paper selected the joint operation of Sanmenxia and Xiaolangdi reservoirs in the period of water and sediment regulation in 2023 as the object, analyzed the water and sediment processes of the two reservoirs under different matching opportunities and matching water levels, and quantified the water and sediment regulation effect under different matching opportunities and matching water levels between the two reservoirs. Although the Sanmenxia Reservoir has a smaller water storage capacity and limited water transfer capacity, by changing the discharge time of the reservoir, the scouring effect of Xiaolangdi Reservoir is quite different. As the matching water level decreases, the amount of erosion in the reservoir area gradually increases. With the delay of the relative discharge time of Sanmenxia Reservoir, the erosion amount in the reservoir area shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Xiaolangdi Reservoir is the key project of flood control and security in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and the sediment retention period of the reservoir is the most significant period for flood control and sediment reduction benefits. This paper analyzed the new requirements for flood control and security of Xiaolangdi Reservoir under the new situation of the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and pointed out that it was of great strategic significance to extend the sediment retention period of Xiaolangdi Reservoir as much as possible, so as to maintain the effective storage capacity of the reservoir as long as possible, especially the flood control storage capacity. The research shows that the larger reservoir capacity has a strong ability to deal with large floods, which is conducive to the prevention of “black swan” events; after the flood control operation of the reservoir, the loss of the beach storage capacity is small, which is conducive to the long-term maintenance of the reservoir’s strong flood control capacity; the combination of sediment storage capacity and water and sediment regulation capacity can significantly enhance the vitality of water and sediment regulation, and create storage conditions for the Guxian Reservoir to exert the overall joint force of the water and sediment regulation system after putting into operation; the use of the sediment storage capacity for flood control in the downstream beach area is conducive to improving the flood control standard of the beach area and reducing the loss of the beach area in the normal flooding. Optimizing the operation mode of reservoir operation, implementing reservoir dredging and building Guxian Water Control Project as soon as possible are important measures to extend the sediment retention period of Xiaolangdi Reservoir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Yellow River is the property of Editorial Board of Yellow River and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Yellow River is the property of Editorial Board of Yellow River and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The Xiaolangdi Reservoir has been mainly used for sediment trapping and water-sediment regulating in order to reduce sedimentation of the lower Yellow River after operation, which results in lower sediment transport efficiency. At present, a suitable river channel scale of median water with the bankfull discharge capacity of 4 000 m³/s has been formed in the lower Yellow River. Under this riverbed condition, how to maintain the river channel of median water of the lower Yellow River and give full play to the river sediment transport capacity becomes new requirement to the operation of the reservoir. This paper analyzed the sediment transport efficiency at different sediment concentration levels and discharge levels based on the measured data of 306 non-overbank floods in the lower reaches of the Yellow River from 1960 to 2016 and proposed that the downstream river channel had a higher sediment transport efficiency when the large flow with sediment concentration greater than 60 kg/m³, but it was also prone to cause sedimentation in the river channel. The paper further proposed the sediment transport requirement to the operation of the reservoir based on maintaining the river channel of median water of the lower Yellow River. In order to improve the sediment transport capacity of the downstream river, when the bankfull discharge capacity of the downstream river channel was about 4 000 m³/s, the Xiaolangdi Reservoir could discharge large-flow processes with sediment concentration less than 100 kg/m³. When the bankfull discharge capacity of the downstream river channel was greater than 4 500 m³/s, the Xiaolangdi Reservoir could discharge large-flow processes with sediment concentration less than 200 kg/m³. When the bankfull discharge capacity of the downstream river channel was less than 4 000 m³/s in the future, the Xiaolangdi Reservoir would still mainly trap sediment to reinvent the river channel. The calculation results of the mathematical model show that the adjustment of the operation mode of the reservoir can improve the sediment transport capacity of the downstream river, alleviate the sedimentation of the reservoir and the downstream river and maintain the river channel of median water with the bankfull discharge capacity of 4 000 m³/s for a longer period of time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fully tapping the regulating potential of reservoir groups in the middle reaches of the Yellow River and improving the sediment transport capacity of the lower reaches of the Yellow River play an important guiding role on river and beach management in the lower reaches of the Yellow River. Through the analysis of measured data and mathematical models, this paper calculated the influence of combined regulation and control of existing reservoir groups under different water and sediment conditions on sediment transport capacity of the lower reaches of the Yellow River, and further to analyzed the change of sediment transport capacity of the lower reaches of the Yellow River after Guxian and Dongzhuang reservoirs come into effect. The results indicate that by optimizing the joint regulation and control mode of the existing reservoir groups, the flow process with large sediment concentration discharged by the reservoir can increase the sediment carrying capacity of the downstream river by about 10%-12%. The sediment discharge into the downstream river during the sediment retaining period after Guxian and Dongzhuang Reservoirs come into effect are reduced, and the sediment transport capacity can be further improved by 11%-12% during the normal operation period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Yellow River is the property of Editorial Board of Yellow River and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since the operation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir, great social and economic benefits have been brought into play in ensuring the flood control and silt reduction, the safety of living, production, irrigation and ecological water use. Based on the measured data, this paper analyzed the outflow conditions of high water level density flow and the influence factors of sediment discharge of Xiaolangdi Reservoir. The results show that during the high water level operation (above 235 m) of Xiaolangdi Reservoir, two conditions shall be met for the density flow to reach the front of the dam. a) The inflow flood process shall not be less than 3 days and the fine sediment content shall be higher than 40%. b) Inflow discharge Qi shall not be less than 4000 m³/s. And meet the sediment concentration shall not be less than 13.0 kg/m³. Alternatively, if inflow discharge Qi is between 1700 m³/s and 4000 m³/s, and meet the sediment concentration Si shall not be less than 86 minus 0.018Qi. Sediment discharge ratio of reservoir η is inversely proportional to the ratio of the water storage body and the outflow discharge and the ratio of the inflow and outflow discharge. The larger the maximum continuous 3-day inflow sediment transport rate, the stronger the flow power and the better the sediment discharge effect. The research results can provide a certain technical support for the high water level density flow sediment discharge operation of Xiaolangdi Reservoir. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Yellow River is the property of Editorial Board of Yellow River and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In the flood seasons of 2018 and 2019, the inflow of Xiaolangdi Reservoir was higher than before and it was the first time that the operation of low reservoir level, long duration,large discharge, and high sediment concentration was applied for two consecutive years, which effectively scoured the sediment in the reservoir area. This paper analyzed the influencing factor of sediment discharge and established the calculation formula of the reservoir sediment discharge ratio by the regression analysis method, based on the actual sediment discharge operation of the reservoir. The results point out that pondage, lowest water depth and inflow are most closely related to sediment discharging, with a high correlation above 0.80. The calculation formula for the sediment discharge ratio verified by the measured data can simulate the sediment discharge of the reservoir well. Based on the observation data of the topography of the reservoir dam area, the sediment scour and silting change in the dam area were analyzed, and it was proposed that the river bed gradient within 4.5 km of the reservoir area had been stabilized between 4.3‰ and 5.1‰ since 2014, under the influence by the discharge bottom hole. The lowest elevation of sediment deposition in front of the intake tower varies between 176 m and 181 m. On the right bank in front of the dam, the sediment deposition elevation gradually rises and the slope becomes steeper. Currently, a stable slope has not been formed. As the left bank in front of the dam is close to the mountain with a high slope and there is little sediment accumulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Preventing sediment siltation in front of intake tower group of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir affects the safety operation and the generation benefits of the project. It is vital to determine a proper operation dispatch scheme of the outlet structures. This paper did the numerical research on the prevention of silt plug in the Xiaolangdi Reservoir by a vertical 2D numerical model. The bed evolution, sediment delivery ratio and generation benefit were discussed under typical water and sediment conditions with the two different dispatch schemes of the outlets. The results of the numerical modeling show that neither of the dispatch schemes will cause the sediment siltation and the scheme I shows a better performance in promoting the generation benefits. The present work provides the technical support for the operation dispatch scheme of outlets in engineering practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]