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Sinonasal malignant tumors are a group of uncommon malignancies that account for less than 1% of all tumors. These tumors often involve the maxillary sinus and nasal cavity, with less cumulative incidence in the ethmoidal sinus, sphenoidal sinus, and frontal sinus. The lack of consensus on the management of sinonasal malignancies is due to their rarity, diagnostic challenges, and the heterogeneity of treatments. In this paper, we present a case of endoscopic-assisted medial canthus incision combined with radiotherapy in the treatment of sinonasal malignant tumors, with the aim of providing valuable insights to clinicians on the management of these tumors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The objective of this paper is to offer a thorough examination of the clinical presentations, etiology, and treatment strategies associated with perivascular epithelioid cell tumors (PEComas). Methods: This retrospective study examined the comprehensive archival data of PEComa cases diagnosed at Beijing Hospital from 2015 to 2023. The pathology slides of all patients were thoroughly reassessed by two experienced pathologists. A thorough retrospective analysis was undertaken, incorporating clinicopathological data including gender, age at diagnosis, initial clinical manifestations, signs, disease onset site, tumor markers, imaging findings, therapeutic modalities, pathological features, immunohistochemical profiles, treatment responses, and prognostic indicators. Patients were evaluated for disease severity according to established pathological classification criteria and were followed up until the designated analysis cut-off date. In instances where patients were unable to be monitored on-site, they were contacted via telephone for postoperative follow-up inquiries. Results: This study included 11 patients with ages ranging from 17 to 66 years old, presenting with the disease in multiple anatomical sites, including the retroperitoneum (2/11), liver (4/11), kidney (4/11), lung (1/11), and broad ligament of the uterus (1/11). Most patients presented with non-specific clinical symptoms and were subsequently diagnosed with space-occupying lesions upon physical examination. The tumor demonstrated progressive growth and enlargement, which could result in compression of neighboring organs. Preoperative imaging alone is insufficient for a definitive diagnosis of PEComa, but MRI can provide an initial evaluation of the tumor's potential malignancy. Molecular marker testing specific to PEComa, such as HMB-45 (90.0%), SMA (81.8%), Melan-A (90.9%), vimentin (90.9%), and Desmin (36.3%), was conducted on all patients. No adjuvant therapies were administered postoperatively. Upon analysis, no instances of relapse at the primary site or the development of new tumors at other sites were observed. Regular imaging reviews of three patients with malignant PEComa post-surgery showed no evidence of recurrence. Conclusions: The clinical presentation, tumor biomarkers, and imaging characteristics of PEComa lack specificity, necessitating dependence on pathology and immunohistochemistry for precise diagnosis. The mainstay of treatment consists of surgical resection, with patients typically experiencing a favorable prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) is a disease that is closely related to the development of cervical cancer. In clinical work, cold knife conization and a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) are often selected for diagnosis and treatment. Objective: In this paper, we aimed to discuss additional cuts, a common practice in cervical conization, and determine whether the doctor's choice to use additional cuts in conization can reduce the occurrence of a positive cone margin. Methods: From January 2018 to October 2019, 965 patients underwent cervical conization at the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University (Dalian, China). Of these, 174 were in the positive cone margin group, and 791 were in the negative cone margin group. Age, preoperative pathology, pathological results of conization, additional cuts, cone depth, and cone volume were studied. Additionally, the additional cut rate and the efficiency of doctors with a habit of additional cuts were analyzed. Results: Of the 965 patients included in the study, the median age was 41 years (range 35–50). Multivariable logistic regression analysis suggested that additional cuts (OR, 2.480; 95% CI 1.608 to 3.826; p = 0.01) and smaller cone depth (OR, 0.591; 95% CI, 0.362 to 0.965, p = 0.036) were independent risk factors for positive margins. Six of the 64 doctors who performed conizations had a habit of making additional cuts, and there was no positive correlation between their additional cut rate and their effective additional cut rate. Conclusion: This study showed that a certain proportion of additional cuts can be effectively excised from the positive margin that cannot be removed in the initial conization. The practice of additional cuts in conization tends to be the personal habit of a small number of doctors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Bevacizumab-induced gastrointestinal perforation is a rare but potentially devastating adverse event that has generated limited data on overall survival. Yet, such survival data are critical in guiding management. Methods: This multi-site, single-institution retrospective study focused on all cancer patients who had received bevacizumab and who had suffered a well-documented gastrointestinal perforation from January 1, 2004 through January 20, 2022.The main goal was to report survival outcomes; Kaplan Meier curves and Cox survival models were used for this purpose. Results: Eighty-nine patients are included in this report with a median age of 62 years (range 26–85). Colorectal cancer was the most common malignancy (n = 42). Thirty-nine patients underwent surgery for the perforation. Seventy-eight were deceased at the time of reporting with an overall median survival of all patients of 2.7 months (range 0–45 months), and 32 (36%) died within 30 days of perforation. In univariable survival analyses, no statistically significant associations were observed for age, gender, corticosteroid use, and time since last bevacizumab dose. However, surgically treated patients manifested a better survival (hazard ratio (HR) 0.49 (95% CI 0.31–0.78); p = 0.003). In multivariable analyses, surgery continued to be associated with improved survival (HR 0.47 (95% CI 0.29–0.74); p = 0.002), and corticosteroid use was associated with worse survival (HR 1.75 (95% CI 1.02–2.99); p = 0.04). Conclusion: Although gastrointestinal perforation after bevacizumab should be managed on a case-by-case basis, these descriptive survival data can help inform patients, their families, and healthcare providers as challenging management decisions arise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Radial forearm flap (RFF) is widely used in oral reconstruction. However, the donor-site defect remains the main limit. In this paper, V-shaped kiss RFF (VRFF) is described as a novel technique to improve aesthetics and function of it. A retrospective study was conducted to introduce VRFF and evaluate its effect and safety. Methods: A total of 21 patients who underwent VRFF for oral reconstruction, and 23 patients who underwent conventional RFF from February 2016 to April 2018 were included in this study. Direct comparisons were made on patient's subjective evaluation of postoperative hand function and degree of scarring and objective donor-site function assessment including range of wrist movements and grip strength before and after surgery between the two groups. Results: No skin grafts were used in the VRFF group, and 20 of 21 patients achieved primary healing at donor site, while all patients from the RFF group had skin grafts. And 18 of 23 patients achieved primary healing. The postoperative scar score of donor site in the VRFF group was significantly higher than that in the RFF group (3.4 vs 2.8, P = 0.035). There were no significant differences in other subjective evaluation and donor-site morbidity and hand function assessment. Conclusion: VRFF is able to provide a new and simple method to close donor-site defect and realize a better healing in donor site. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite mortality from breast cancer in Africa being higher than in high income countries, breast cancer has not been extensively studied in the region. The aim of this paper was to highlight the rising burden of breast cancer with an emphasis on sub-Saharan Africa as well as trends, characteristics, controversies and their implications for regional development. Methodology: A review of published studies and documents was conducted in Medline, Scopus, Pubmed and Google using combinations of key words-breast neoplasm, breast cancer, cancer, incidence, mortality, Africa, Nigeria. Graphical and frequency analyses were carried out on some of the incidence and mortality figures retrieved from published papers and the GLOBOCAN website. Findings: Globally, about 25% and 15% of all new cancer cases and cancer deaths respectively among females were due to breast cancer. Africa currently had the highest age-standardized breast cancer mortality rate globally, with the highest incidence rates being recorded within the sub-Saharan African sub-region. Incidence trends such as inherently aggressive tumour and younger age profile had been subject to controversies. Certain factors such as westernized diet, urbanization and possibly increasing awareness had been implicated, though their specific contributions were yet to be fully established. Conclusion: Unless urgent action is taken, breast cancer will compound sub-Saharan Africa's disease burden, increase poverty and gender inequality as well as reverse the current global gains against maternal and neonatal mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This paper aims to explore the diagnostic value of enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with a carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen in terms of the liver metastasis of colorectal cancer. Methods: A total of 167 colorectal cancer patients with liver metastasis and 167 colorectal cancer patients without liver metastasis were selected as the subjects. An automatic electrochemiluminescence analyser was then used to detect the tumour markers CEA, CA19-9, CA125 and CA72-4. The consistency between the MRI examination and clinical pathological examination was also analysed, and the sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values of various combined detection methods were compared. Results: The abnormal rates of CEA, CA19-9, CA125 and CA72-4 in the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05), while the results of the enhanced MRI and clinicopathological examination for liver metastasis in patients with colon cancer were largely consistent (Kappa coefficient = 0.788, P < 0.000). However, the two methods were inconsistent. The false positive rate of the enhanced MRI examination was 15.3%, while the false negative rate was 6.0%. The specificity (94.61%), positive predictive value (92.68%) and positive likelihood ratio (12.67%) were the highest for the MRI combined with serial CEA, while the sensitivity (98.80%) and negative predictive value (97.22%) were the highest with the MRI combined with parallel CEA, and this combination returned the lowest negative likelihood ratio (0.03). Conclusion: The combination of MRI and CEA excludes non-metastatic patients and identifies colorectal liver metastasis cancer patients. Overall, it has a higher diagnostic value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Primary squamous cell carcinoma of thyroid gland (PSCCT) is a highly aggressive malignant tumor associated with a poor prognosis. Due to the rare case, there is a knowledge gap on the features of PSCCT. There is limited understanding of the treatment and molecular biology of this tumor. More genomic work and relevant perspective work need to be done. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical information of patients with PSCCT diagnosed from December 2009 to December 2020 at The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University. In addition, we conducted an electronic search of the paper in CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases by recently updated articles. Survival analysis was conducted using the Kaplan–Meier method. Results: There were only 11 patients met the study's inclusion criteria in our institution. The patients ranged in age from 25 to 68 years old and female preponderance (M:F = 1:1.7). The median survival time was 6 months, and 1-year survival rate was 33.3%. Fifty-three patients' individual data from 45 articles were selected for analysis. The median age at diagnosis was 63 years and female preponderance (M:F = 1:2.5). The commonest complaint was the anterior neck mass (77.3%), followed by hoarseness (32.1%). The median survival time was 9 months, and the overall 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rate was 39.8%, 33.7%, and 26.9%, respectively. The log-rank method shows that age, tumor size, lymph node status, M stage, surgical range, and tracheal status were the relevant factors affecting the prognosis. In contrast, gender, treatment modality, and resection margin were not prognostic factors. On multivariable analysis, age and M stage were associated with overall survival. Conclusion: The median overall survival was 6–9 months of PSCCT. Age and M stage are predictors of PSSCT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aim: Galectins have been recently tackled by many researchers in the field of cancer due to their role in tumorigenesis, disease progression, and metastasis. Thus, they are currently involved in biomarkers research on several types of cancer. In ovarian cancers, few studies were carried out to evaluate galectins expression profiling. Hence, our present study was executed to evaluate the mRNA expression of galectins -1, -3, -4, -8, and -9 in epithelial ovarian cancers. Methods: Fifty-six tumor samples of ovarian carcinomas were analyzed for mRNA expression using qRT-PCR, and fold-changes were calculated in comparison to tissue samples of 26 women with normal ovaries. Results: The results of the present paper emphasize the importance of galectins as predictors for targeted therapy. LGALS1, LGALS3, LGALS4, LGALS8, and LGALS9 were found to be mostly overexpressed in ovarian carcinoma patients with the following percentage: 78.6%, 92.9%, 66.1%, 87.5%, and 85.7% respectively. Moreover, galectins -3 and -9 were found to be significantly elevated with lymph node metastasis (p = 0.044 and p = 0.011). Also, upregulation of galectin-1 and -9 were statistically significant in stages IIB, IIC, and IIIB (p = 0.002) in FIGO staging. CA19.9 is positively correlated to galectin-4 expression (p = 0.039). Conclusion: Our findings strengthen the role of galectins in carcinogenesis, disease progression, and lymphnode metastasis in ovarian carcinomas. And since these galectins are mostly overexpressed, they could be promising markers for targeted therapy to reduce disease progression and metastasis process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Gastric cancer rarely metastasizes to the oral cavity, especially to gingiva. Only 18 cases have been reported worldwide to date. This paper herein presents the nineteenth case of gingival metastasis from gastric cancer. Case presentation: A 75-year-old man who underwent a radical gastrectomy for gastric adenocarcinoma was admitted to clinical oncology center for gingival mass which was originally diagnosed as epulis. The subsequent positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and histopathological examination revealed a gingival metastatic adenocarcinoma originated from gastric carcinoma. Then three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) with synchronization and sequential chemotherapy demonstrated clinical benefit in this patient. Furthermore, this research reviewed the records of 18 cases of gingival metastasis from gastric carcinoma in English, Japanese, and Chinese literature, and summarized the clinicopathologic features of the disease based on previously published papers. Conclusion: This case suggests that gingival metastasis from gastric cancer is worthy of vigilance. Biopsy and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining should be used for the final diagnosis. Moreover, the patient with uncommon gingival metastatic lesion can be successfully treated by radiotherapy with adjuvant chemotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP) is a generalized term, usually known as "jelly belly" since 1884. Incidence is very low, 1–3 per million people per year. Because of its indolent nature, it is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage, thereby impacting the quality of life. The 5-year survival rate varies from 23 to 86% in world literature. Even 10 years and 20 years of survival have been described. With our experience, we like to propose rename of PMP as abdomino-peritoneal mucinous carcinoma (APM) as we strongly feel the time has come to specify the term and standardize the management strategy. Methodology: In the premier institute of India and as a tertiary referral center, we experienced the maximum number of advanced cases of APM. From 2012 to 2021, we analyzed all the APM patients based on a prospectively maintained computerized database in the department of surgical oncology and found the reasons for renaming from this traditional one. Results: We included a total of 87 patients who underwent surgical intervention. Thirty-five patients underwent cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), and 52 patients underwent debulking. In CRS-HIPEC patients, CC-0 was achieved in 28 patients (80%), CC-1 in 4 patients (11.4%), and CC-2 in 3 patients (8.6%). Palliative intent HIPEC was done in 3 patients (8.6%). Clavien-Dindo grade III and IV morbidity was observed in 18.8% of patients with 90 days mortality of 5.7%. Conclusion: With our long-term experience and advancement of scientific evidence, we like to propose a new name for PMP as APM. We strongly believe this paper will give a clear picture of this rare disease and standard management outlines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The number of times that articles are cited by is widely used to evaluate the impact of an article or an individual author has on its scientific community. This bibliometric analysis aimed to explore the top classic citations in pancreatic cancer (PC) research. Methods: A computerized literature search was conducted using the database, the Science Citation Index Expanded. The top 100 highly cited articles were included and further analyzed. Results: The most cited article had 3,032 citations, with a mean of 626 citations per paper. These highly cited articles were published in 37 journals, led by Cancer Research (15 articles). Of the 100 articles, 40 were observational studies, 36 dealt with basic science, and 14 were randomized controlled trials. These articles came from 11 countries, with the USA contributing 79 articles. Fifty-one institutions produced these 100 citation classics, led by Johns Hopkins University (20 articles). Twenty-seven persons authored two or more of the top-cited articles, led by Kern SE (6) and Yeo CJ (5). Conclusions: This analysis of the top highly cited articles allows for the recognition of major advances in PC research and gives a historic perspective on the progress of this specialty of PC research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: MicroRNA-140 (miR-140) is one of the most widely investigated miRNAs in cell carcinogenesis and cancer development. Despite present proposals of employing miR-140 as a candidate biomarker for cancer prognosis, its effectiveness in predicting patient survival and clinicopathological outcome is still under debate. Methods: A systematic search for English literature using online databases was performed with pre-established criteria. Odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were collected to delineate the correlation between miR-140 levels and cancer patient prognosis. Results: For this meta-analysis, we selected 12 papers for analysis, involving 1386 participants. Based on our analysis, high levels of miR-140 were strongly correlated with enhanced patient overall survival (OS) (HR = 0.728, 95% CI = 0.601-0.882, P = 0.001). In addition, we also observed that elevated miR-140 levels significantly led to better OS in patients with cancers in different parts of the body like digestive system (HR = 0.675, 95% CI = 0.538-0.848, P = 0.001), digestive tract (HR = 0.709, 95% CI = 0.565-0.889, P = 0.003), and head and neck (HR = 0.603, 95% CI = 0.456-0.797, P < 0.001). Additionally, we verified that the low miR-140 levels was related to advanced TNM stage (OR = 0.420, 95% CI = 0.299-0.590, P < 0.001), worse histologic grade (OR = 0.410, 95% CI = 0.261-0.643, P < 0.001), and positive lymph node metastasis status (OR = 0.341, 95% CI = 0.144-0.807, P = 0.014). Conclusions: Taken together, our results suggest that elevated miR-140 levels can be employed as a favorable biomarker for cancer patient prognosis. This information can greatly benefit in the formation of an individualized therapeutic plan for the treatment of cancer patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: miR-92b is a carcinogenic miRNA that has great potential as a biomarker for disease prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment in the clinic. It is of great significance to analyse the relationship between miR-92b and the clinicopathological characteristics of cancer patients. This paper aimed to investigate the expression levels and clinical values of miR-92b-3p in breast cancer (BC). Methods: Altogether, 112 female BC patients who were treated in our hospital were included as a study group, and 108 healthy women who came to our hospital for physical examinations were included as a control group. miR-92b-3p expression in the serum of subjects in both groups was detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) to analyse the correlation of this miRNA with the patients' pathological features and prognoses. The diagnostic value of miR-92b-3p expression for BC was analysed by plotting a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: miR-92b-3p expression was remarkably higher in the study group (P < 0.05), and its area under the curve (AUC) for detecting BC was 0.88. The expression was correlated with the tumour size, degree of differentiation, TNM staging, and lymphatic metastasis (P < 0.05). miR-92b-3p was significantly positively correlated with the TNM staging (r = 0.40, P < 0.05), was significantly negatively correlated with the degree of differentiation of the breast cancer cells (r = − 0.35, P < 0.05), and was significantly positively correlated with the expression of carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125) (r = 0.39, P < 0.05). The overall survival rate (OSR) of the 99 patients who had follow-up was 73.74%. The survival status was remarkably better in the low expression group (P < 0.05). miR-92b-3p expression was remarkably higher in the death group (P < 0.05). The AUC of miR-92b-3p alone in the death and survival groups was 0.76. Conclusion: miR-92b-3p expression obviously rises in the serum of BC patients and is closely related to the clinical staging, degree of differentiation, and CA125 in BC, so the detection of this miRNA is of great significance to the diagnosis and prognostic evaluation of BC. This miRNA can be used as a potential biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Thyroid hemiagenesis (TH) is a rare congenital disease with absence of a thyroid lobe; most patients have no clinical symptoms. The etiology of TH remains unclear. In this paper, we describe a rare case of TH and congenital absence of the ipsilateral parathyroid gland, found during the operation, combined with the autoimmune disease Hashimoto's thyroiditis, also known as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Case Presentation: A 31-year-old woman was admitted to our hospital because of a mass in the right neck. Surgical exploration validated the absence of the left lobe of the thyroid and parathyroid glands and pathological examination of the excised nodules confirmed Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Patients with TH might show accompanying absence of the ipsilateral parathyroid gland. The case described here, in which TH was combined with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, is rare in the medical literature. The operation should be ended at once if Hashimoto's thyroiditis is diagnosed during surgery. Conclusions: Absence of thyroid lobe may accompany with a congenital absence of the ipsilateral parathyroid gland and Hashimoto's thyroiditis. Fine needle aspiration is essential to diagnosis and decision-making of the treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A lymph node harvest (LNH) of < 12 is a predictor for poor prognosis in rectal cancer patients. However, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) is known to decrease LNH; hence, a cut-off of 12 is inappropriate in such patients. This paper aims to establish a LNH cut-off predictive for disease-free and overall survival in NACRT patients. Methods: A retrospective review of patients who underwent elective surgery for rectal cancer from 2006 to 2013 was performed. All patients with R1/2 resections and presence of metastases and those operated on for recurrence were excluded. Patient demographics, clinical features, operative details, LNH, 30-day mortality and disease-free and overall survival were recorded. P values of < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: A total of 257 patients were studied, with 174 (68%) males and a median age of 66 years. Ninety-four (37%) patients received long-course NACRT, and 122 (48%) patients were stage 2 and below. Median LNH was 17, which was reduced in the NACRT group (14 versus 23, P < 0.01). Average length of stay was 9 ± 8 days, with a major post-operative complication rate of 4%. Using hazard ratio plots for the NACRT subgroup, LNH cut-offs of 16.5 and 8.5 were obtained for disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) respectively. Survival analysis showed that a LNH cut-off of 8.5 was a significant predictor of OS (P < 0.001). Conclusion: LNH is reduced in patients receiving NACRT before rectal cancer surgery. A LNH of 9 and above is associated with improved overall survival. We propose that this can be used as a tool for prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the tolerability of multimodal therapy in soft tissue sarcoma patients, particularly with regard to their quality of life and level of distress. Materials and methods: A retrospective cohort study enrolled individuals receiving sarcoma therapy at the sarcoma center of the University of Tuebingen between 2017 and 2022. Participants completed an online survey that included the EORTC's questionnaire (QLQ-C30), coupled with the distress thermometer and demographic inquiries. The primary emphasis was on comparing three distinct modalities: Radiation, Chemotherapy and Surgery. The data were analysed performing one-way ANOVA. Results: A total of 237 patients were included in the study. There was a significant difference (p < 0.001) in quality of life according to the EORTC scores (high score = high quality of life) between the different treatments: chemotherapy (mean: 26.8 [standard deviation: 19.5]), radiotherapy (51.0 [21.5]), and surgery (46.9 [28.3]). Similarly, a statistically significant discrepancy (p < 0.001) was found in average distress levels (high score = high level of distress) corresponding to each treatment type: radiation (5.0 [2.7]), surgery (6.0 [2.9]), and chemotherapy (7.4 [2.4]). The rates of patients willing to undergo the same treatment varied across groups, with the highest percentage observed in the surgery group (94.2%), followed by radiation (87.4%), and chemotherapy (73.5%). Conclusion: Patients receiving multimodal therapy for soft tissue often find chemotherapy particularly demanding. Impairment of both quality of life and physical well-being is more likely and tends to be more severe compared with radiation or surgery. These observations should be taken into consideration when consenting patients and offering treatment plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We aim to explore the impact of excessive glutathione (GSH) intake on chemotherapy sensitivity in breast cancer. Methods: Clinicopathological data were collected from 460 breast cancer patients who underwent adjuvant chemotherapy from January 2016 to December 2019 from Zhengzhou University People's Hospital. The clinicopathological characteristics following GSH treatment were collected and compared with those in Non-GSH group after 1:2 propensity score matching (PSM). Intracellular GSH levels and the expression of antioxidant enzymes (NRF2, GPX4 and SOD1) were evaluated in tumor tissues in 51 patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Results: The recurrence rate after adjuvant chemotherapy was significantly higher in the GSH group (n = 28, 31.8%) than that in the Non-GSH group (n = 39, 22.2%; P = 0.010). Additionally, patients in the HGSH group (high GSH intake, ≥ 16 days) exhibited an elevated recurrence rate compared to that in the LGSH group (low GSH intake, < 16 days) (n = 15 (46.8%) vs. n = 52 (22.4%); P = 0.003). Cox regression revealed that High GSH intake, Ki67 ≥ 30%, Triple negative and Lymphovascular invasion were independent risk factors of progression after adjuvant chemotherapy. Among patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy, intracellular GSH levels and the expression levels of antioxidant enzymes (NRF2, GPX4 and SOD1) in the resistant patients were substantially higher (P < 0.001). Conclusions: Excessive GSH intake may contribute to chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer, and the levels of intracellular GSH and antioxidant enzymes are elevated in resistant patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, indicating that the standardization of GSH intake may assist in reducing chemotherapy resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) can influence the outcome of implant-based breast reconstruction (IBBR). This study aims to investigate the complications and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) following PMRT between direct-to-implant (DTI) and tissue expander-to-implant (TEI) reconstruction. Methods: The retrospective study included breast cancer patients undergoing IBBR and PMRT. Patients were divided into a permanent implant group (PI-PMRT) and a tissue expander group (TE-PMRT). Complications, reconstruction failure, and reoperation were compared between the two groups. PROs were assessed using the BREAST-Q scale. Results: A total of 203 patients were included: 99 in the PI-PMRT group and 104 in the TE-PMRT group. The incidence of severe capsular contracture was significantly higher in the PI-PMRT group compared to the TE-PMRT group (37.4% vs. 24.0%, p = 0.039). The PI-PMRT group had a significantly lower rate of reconstruction failure (9.1% vs. 19.2%, p = 0.039) and reoperation (13.1% vs. 24.0%, p = 0.046). Multivariate analysis revealed that the absence of mesh (OR = 2.177, p = 0.040) and DTI reconstruction (OR = 1.922, p = 0.046) were independent predictors of severe capsular contracture; the absence of mesh (OR = 4.699, p = 0.015) and TEI reconstruction (OR = 2.429, p = 0.043) were independent predictors of reconstruction failure. BREAST-Q scores indicated greater breast satisfaction in the PI-PMRT group (p = 0.031). Conclusions: Although DTI reconstruction resulted in a higher risk of severe capsular contracture, the higher risk of reconstruction failure and reoperation in patients undergoing TEI reconstruction was even more concerning. Furthermore, patients were more likely to report greater breast satisfaction with DTI reconstruction. Therefore, DTI reconstruction may be a more appropriate option for patients anticipating PMRT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Testicular yolk sac tumor (YST) is a rare neoplasm with limited practical guidance for preoperative diagnostic assessment. This study aims to conduct a retrospective analysis of the value of clinical profiles and MRI parameters in accurately diagnosing pediatric testicular YST while exploring characteristic indicators for these patients. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed eighty patients with a testicular mass who underwent surgical treatment and preoperative MRI. Clinical characters (age, preoperative serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels), and radiology features were recorded and compared. Subsequently, patients were categorized into YST and non-YST groups based on histology. Comparative statistical analyses were then used to compare factors between the two groups. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic performance of the indicators for pediatric testicular YST. Results: Forty patients (50%) were diagnosed with YST. In comparison to the non-YST group, patients with testicular YST were younger and had larger tumor sizes, accompanied by significantly elevated AFP levels. On MRI, most YST cases (n = 38) exhibited predominantly solid lesions, whereas non-YST tumors were more likely to contain cystic components. The bright dot sign and thickened spermatic cord might also be helpful in differentiating YST (p < 0.05). The optimal factor for diagnosing testicular YST was signal intensity, with an AUC value of 0.936 (95%CI: 0.877 ~ 0.995). Conclusions: A predominantly solid testicular mass with a bright dot sign, thickened spermatic cord ipsilaterally, and elevated AFP levels should raise suspicion for YST. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Oral leiomyomatous hamartoma (OLH) corresponds to an abnormal, benign and disorganized overgrowth of mature smooth muscle tissue, which can develop in any site where this tissue is found in healthy conditions. The present systematic review aimed to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics of OLH. Materials and methods: The protocol of this study was constructed following the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) and was registered in the Open Science Framework (OSF): OSF.IO/BMPUX. Five electronic databases were used to identify studies for this systematic review: PubMed, Web of Science, Dentistry & Oral Science Source, Scopus and ScienceDirect, from January 15th, 1945 to January 10th, 2024. The Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) tool was used to assess the risk of bias and the quality of the included reports and case series. Results: A comprehensive search yielded 5,562 articles, of which 55 met the inclusion criteria. The total number of subjects studied in the included investigations was sixty-six. The subjects' ages varied from newborns to 61 years, with a mean age ± standard deviation of 71.23 ± 123.01 months. 50.7% were males and 49.3% were females. Most lesions presented normochromic color (24.24%), pedunculated base (31.81%), firm consistency (22.72%), with an average size of 1.20 cm, present on the dorsum of the tongue (31.81%) or anterior part of the alveolar border of the maxilla (30.30%). Treatment was carried out by surgical excision (78.46%) and half of the studies report that there were no recurrences. Conclusions: The cases described in the medical-dental literature provide valuable information to date on the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical profile of OLH. Although it is a rare lesion, it should be considered as part of the differential diagnosis in newborns, infants, children and young adults with lingual and/or maxillary masses present in the midline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To systematically evaluate the efficacy of arterial compression hemostasis devices after femoral artery puncture interventions for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods: We systematically searched 10 electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Web of Science, CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, and CBM) up to October 20, 2024, to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of arterial compression hemostasis devices used after HCC interventions through femoral artery puncture. We used the Cochrane risk of bias assessment tool to evaluate the trial quality, and we analyzed the data with Review Manager 5.4 software. Results: 17 RCTs involving 2,338 participants met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis demonstrated that, compared with conventional manual compression combined with sandbags, the use of arterial compression hemostasis devices significantly shortened the compression hemostasis time [MD = -13.9 min, 95% CI, -14.19 to -12.19; P < 0.00001] and limb immobilization time [MD = -8.79 min, 95% CI, -12.65 to -4.94; P < 0.00001]. Additionally, it significantly reduced the incidence of local bleeding [RR = 0.28, 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.40; P < 0.00001], hematoma formation [RR = 0.29, 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.46; P < 0.00001], skin ecchymosis [RR = 0.25, 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.35; P < 0.00001], dysuria [RR = 0.22, 95% CI, 0.14 to 0.34; P = 0.0002], skin damage [RR = 0.16, 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.54; P = 0.003], backache [RR = 0.28, 95% CI, 0.13 to 0.64; P = 0.002], and pseudoaneurysm [RR = 0.22, 95% CI, 0.10 to 0.51; P = 0.0004]. Conclusions: The analysis revealed that arterial compression hemostasis devices significantly reduce hemostasis and immobilization time, as well as vascular complications in liver cancer patients undergoing interventional therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Digestive system cancers pose a significant global health challenge with high incidence and mortality rates. Inflammation is a key factor in cancer progression, necessitating reliable prognostic indicators. The pan-immune-inflammation value (PIV), as a new biomarker of immune-inflammatory response, has emerged as a potential prognostic biomarker for cancers. Methods: We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the prognostic significance of PIV in digestive system cancers. Our search, up to June 2024, included 20 studies from 19 articles with 5037 patients. We extracted and analyzed data on PIV levels and assessed hazard ratios (HRs) for overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), disease-free survival (DFS), recurrence-free survival (RFS), and cancer-specific survival (CSS) using STATA 14.0. Results: Our analysis found that high PIV levels were significantly associated with poor prognosis in patients with digestive system cancers. Specifically, high PIV was linked to shorter OS (HR = 2.039, P < 0.001), PFS (HR = 1.877, P = 0.028), DFS (HR = 1.624, P = 0.005), RFS (HR = 2.393, P = 0.037), and CSS (HR = 2.053, P < 0.001). Additionally, the adverse prognostic impact of high PIV on OS was consistent across different cancer types, including digestive tract, colorectal, esophageal, and hepatobiliary pancreatic cancers. Although some heterogeneity was observed, sensitivity and bias analyses confirmed the reliability of these findings. Conclusions: PIV was a valuable and practical prognostic marker for digestive system cancers, providing significant predictive value across multiple survival metrics. Its simplicity and minimal invasiveness nature support its potential integration into routine clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colorectal cancer is one of the common malignant tumors with poor prognosis, which is partly due to the lack of an effective biomarker. The purpose of this study is to explore the impact of membrane palmitoylated protein (MPP2) on the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients. We obtained transcriptome data and DNA methylation data of 380 colorectal cancer patients from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Then we used a series of bioinformatics analysis methods to reveal the relationship between MPP2 expression, DNA methylation sites, prognosis, immune checkpoint and clinical characteristics of patients. Finally, in vitro experiment and the meta-analysis of thousands of patients further confirmed the impact of MPP2 on the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients and cell migration and proliferation. The expression level of MPP2 is negatively regulated by its DNA methylation sites, which leads to its low expression in colorectal cancer. High expression of MPP2 is an independent prognostic risk factor, which may be a biomarker for colorectal cancer. Moreover, the expression of MPP2 shows a close relationship with immune checkpoint or immune cells infiltration, especially CD4+T cells. In addition, meta-analysis involving 1584 patients from four different data further confirmed that MPP2 was a risk factor for colorectal cancer. Finally, knockdown of MPP2 could significantly inhibit the proliferation of SW480 cells via mTOR signaling pathway. This study was the first to suggest that MPP2 may become a promising biomarker, and has an important role in immune checkpoint or immune cell infiltration in colorectal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Knowledge of celiac trunk anatomy is important in gastrointestinal surgery, hepatopancreatobiliary surgery, transplantation and interventional radiology. Variations in the celiac trunk are common and should be predicted prior to these interventions. Methods: A 58-year-old woman was admitted to our department for surgical treatment of gastric cancer (GC) confirmed by gastroduodenoscopy and gastric antrum biopsy. In the contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT), we found an absence of both the celiac trunk artery (CA) and the common hepatic artery (CHA). Therefore, we used computerized three-dimensional (3D) vascular reconstruction technology to reconstruct the abdominal trunk and its branch vessels before operation. Results: Computerized 3D vascular reconstruction confirmed an extremely rare vascular anomaly: the absence of both CA and CHA. The splenic artery (SA) and gastroduodenal artery (GDA) originated from the abdominal aorta (AA). The left gastric artery (LGA) originated from the AA directly above the junction of SA and the GDA. The left hepatic artery (LHA) originated from the left gastric artery (LGA). The right hepatic artery (RHA) originated from the superior mesenteric artery (SMA). Laparoscopic radical resection of GC was performed. This anomaly was also confirmed intraoperatively. This patient was discharged on the 10th day after surgery without any postoperative complication. There were no signs of tumor recurrence during the 6-month follow-up. Conclusion: Correct identification of abnormal abdominal large blood vessels and their relationship with tumors before surgery is of great significance to avoid intraoperative blood vessel damage, major postoperative complications and the missing of lymph node dissection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Study design: The study design of this paper is a systematic review of literature published in the recent 10 years. Objective: It is the objective of this paper to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of minimal access (MIS) spinal surgery and open spinal surgery for treating painful spine metastasis. Methods: Two research questions below were determined through a consensus among a panel of spine experts. A systematic review of literature on spinal surgery was conducted by searching PubMed with a combination of keywords including "metastatic", "metastasis", "metastases", "spinal", and "spine". Independent reviewers selected the articles for analysis after screening the titles, abstracts, and full texts, then extracted data and graded the quality of each paper according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) criteria. Specific clinical questions were as follows: 1. In patients with spine metastatic disease, what is the impact of different surgical approaches (MIS versus open) on pain relief and functional outcome? 2. In patients with metastatic disease, what is the impact of different surgical approaches (MIS versus open) on local recurrence, survive rate, and complication? Results: A total of 1,076 abstracts were identified using various keywords. 5 prospective (level II) and 12 retrospective articles (level III) were eligible for inclusion, involving a total of 979 cases of spine metastasis. There were 345 cases in 8 studies regarding the clinical evaluation of MIS spinal surgery and 634 cases in 9 studies regarding the clinical evaluation of open spinal surgery for spine metastasis. Conclusion: Both open spinal surgery and MIS seem to achieve the improvement of pain and neurological dysfunction through decompression and stabilization for patients with spine metastasis, but open surgery may involve more major complications with a trend of lower survival rates and higher recurrence rates compared to MIS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]