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To authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2010.01323.x Byline: Amelia U. Santos-Paulino Abstract: Abstract This paper reviews the Dominican Republic's 2008 Trade Policy Review undertaken in the context of the WTO's regulations. The Trade Policy Review reveals that the country has been successfully pursuing a more open trade regime. However, several challenges remain, particularly like addressing the asymmetries between the domestic and export-oriented sectors, and the bias created by the incentives provided to specific industries.

To authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2010.01276.x Byline: Amelia U. Santos-Paulino Abstract: Abstract The paper analyses export productivity and trade specialisation in China, Brazil, India and South Africa. The investigation calculates a time-varying export productivity measure using highly disaggregated product categories. The modelling shows that export productivity is determined by real income and human capital endowments. But the empirical analysis also reveals significant differences in export productivity and specialisation for countries with comparable per capita income levels.

To purchase or authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9701.2008.01127.x Byline: Guanghua Wan (1), Amelia U. Santos-Paulino (1) Author Affiliation: (1)UNU-WIDER

An overview is presented on trade liberalization and its economic, social, and political effects on developing countries. Trade liberalization is linked to the reduction of tariff and non-tariff barriers and the acceleration of technical knowledge flow.

Developing countries today have become more active participants in regional trade agreements. This raises questions about how the benefits of integration are distributed, and the extent to which lower‐income countries are able to capture development gains. Historically, such impacts have been difficult to identify with precision. This paper seeks to address this gap by empirically analysing the impact of regional integration on development, particularly the effects on growth and welfare. Using both bilateral and regional integration measures, we show that the ability to capture gains from integration varies across developing country regional groups, with developing Asia benefiting on par with developed countries. The findings in the paper indicate that trade and trade policy play an important role in reducing inequality and poverty in developing countries. It also shows that regionalism can function as a channel to make multilateralism a more adept way of addressing national challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper surveys several strands of the economics literature focusing on the international mobility of FDI in general, and the offshoring and outsourcing of R&D activities in particular. The paper outlines key findings, identifies common features and existing divergences and addresses the relevant research gaps emerging from the R&D offshoring and outsourcing literatures. The aim is to investigate the main drivers of R&D (re)location and the possible impact that the offshoring and outsourcing of R&D activities might have on the competitiveness and growth of both firms and countries. Factor price differences, trading costs, countries' size and openness, relative skill endowments, productivity differentials, completeness and enforceability of contracts, knowledge production and spillovers and IPR regimes all shape foreign sourcing and the specific R&D location patterns that emerge. The overall impact of offshoring and outsourcing in general-and of R&D in particular-cannot be seen in isolation, as it is part of more complex globalisation dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the effect of trade liberalisation on export growth, import growth, the trade balance and the current account of the balance of payments in 17 Least Developed Countries (LDCs) over the period 1970 to 2001. The paper also assesses the marginal relation between capital flows (e.g. aid flows) and import growth, and the trade balance and the current account of the balance of payments. The higher import growth contrasts with the more modest export growth following trade liberalisation and that has fundamental policy implications, especially for the balance of trade and the balance of payments. However, the financing and sustainability of the trade deficit in the reforming countries will depend not only on the outcome of trade liberalisation, but also on other macroeconomic policies, developments in the real exchange rate and the inflows of foreign capital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]