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In this paper, a leaky-wave antenna based on substrate integrated waveguide is introduced with continuous beam scanning from backward-to-forward through broadside. A new two-part unit cell has been used to achieve the continuous beam without drop of gain in the broadside. This suppresses the open stop-band, the broadside radiation gain would be without a drop, and the side lobe level is kept low. The wide operating bandwidth is obtained, which covers from 11.7 to 19.6 GHz. It is observed that S11 is below − 10 dB from 11.5 to 20 GHz, and the average S21 is − 8.5 dB from 11.5 to 20 GHz. Scanning of this antenna is continuous and covers all angles between − 61° to + 34°. The gain in the direction of the broadside beam is equal to 14.2 dB and without a drop. The gain changes are low in the operating frequency and the average gain is 14.1 dB in this antenna, also the average side lobe level is − 12 dB. The average radiation efficiency of this proposed antenna is 73%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a Mercedes-Benz logo antenna with a metal plate located at an optimized distance from the proposed antenna is introduced as a wearable antenna to operate in the industrial, scientific, and medical band with center frequency of 2.45 GHz. The metal plate is integrated with the antenna as an isolator and a reflector to improve the radiation performance of the proposed design, reduce the back radiation and reduce the specific absorption rate, when loaded on the human body. The front-to-back ratio improves by 18.2 dB, by adding a metal plate to the structure. The proposed antenna with coplanar waveguide-fed with dimensions of 35 mm × 35 mm × 0.508 mm is printed on a Rogers 4003C substrate, and has an impedance bandwidth from 2.20 to 2.56 GHz, the gain of 7.3 dBi at 2.45 GHz, and SAR levels is less than the criteria set by the FCC and ICNIRP. Nowadays, attention to health as product quality assurance factor along with other technical specifications is the requirements of industrial productions, especially in competition with superior brands. Based on comparisons made with similar works, the proposed wearable antenna structure can be used for wireless body area network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]