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Cryptography is required while interacting through an insecure media, such as internet. Unauthorised individuals have the ability to view and alter data as it is being transferred from one location to other. Cryptography is important in the realm of security of data. Cryptographic methods are being utilized to protect information against attackers in various areas. Symmetric key encryption employs a single key for encryption and decryption, and is a famously used cryptosystem. In this manuscript, improved elliptical curve cryptography and chaotic mapping with fruitfly optimization algorithm is proposed for Secure Data Transmission (IECC-CMFOA-SDT). Here, cryptography and steganography are consolidated to enhance the data security. Initially, input is the plain text from the sender and compression is done to decrease the size of input data. Then data obfuscation is carried out over the compressed data file with the aid of binary conversion, 2's complement, decimal conversion, and ASCII conversion. By utilizing the improved elliptical curve cryptography (IECC) algorithm, obfuscated data is encrypted. Encrypted data is embedded with the support of Chaotic mapping based fruitfly optimization algorithm (CMFOA), which conceals the data by jumbling the pixels in the image. Hence the secret data is diversified. CMFOA picks the superior values of pixels to root the encrypted data. The receiver acquires the stego image with embedded concealed data, which chooses the optimum pixels points to extract the concealed data from the image. Original data is acquired by decrypting, deobfuscating and decompressing the extracted data. The proposed approach is executed in CloudSim Plus. The performance metrics, like obfuscation time, deobfuscation time, encryption time, decryption time, MSE and PSNR are analysed. Performance of IECC-CMFOA-SDT model gives 39.01%, 28.34%, and 37.45% lower encryption time and 17.12%, 24.12% and 32.07 higher PSNR compared with the existing methods, like optimal users based secure data transmission with lightweight block ciphers (CRT-HTLBO-SDT), Secure data transmission employing a hybrid of a bit mask oriented genetic algorithm, encryption and steganography (BMOGA-DWT-SDT) and cryptanalysis of an encryption method based on a compound coupled logistic map and an anti-codifying technique for secure data transmission (CCLM-ACT-SDT). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]