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Strategic water management on a river basin scale requires the inclusion of stakeholders from different sectors and the use of methodologies based on scientifically sound models and techniques, keeping in mind that the power of smaller and larger subgroups of stakeholders should be equal. In this paper, we present an approach to tackle this problem based on two Social Choice Theory (SCT) methods: preferential Borda Count and no-preferential Approval voting method. Two different scenarios of grouping members of the water committee of the San Francisco River Basin in Brazil are simulated, by interested sectors and by interested delegates from the states where the river passes through, five long-term management plans are evaluated and voted in either scenario. Results indicated that if members of the committee demonstrate reasonable competency and consistency while setting their judgments on management plans, the final group decision is the same or similar, regardless the method used. One of the conclusions is also that the voting of small subgroups may have the same power as the voting of a large subgroup in the social choice-based decision-making processes. SCT methods can thus be recommended as an equity framework to empower small groups in selecting long-term water management plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes an adaptation of the Rural Water Sustainability Index (RWSI) to the Brazilian Amazon region. Policymakers can use this tool to identify areas of water stress and develop actions to guarantee water access to rural communities. Multicriteria analysis and a geographical information system were integrated to incorporate various indicators and produce maps displaying spatial water sustainability levels in rural communities. The RWSI was employed on a case study at 16 rural communities in Santa Luzia do Pará, Pará, Brazil. In total, 380 closed and structured interviews were conducted with people living in the area to collect local information for the model application. The results showed a varied spatial behavior between rural communities of Santa Luzia do Pará, with similarities and differences based on the overall condition of water resources (final index values). Half of the locations had ‘Poor’ or ‘Poor-Medium’ water quality. The remaining sample obtained scores ranging from ‘Medium-Good’ to ‘Good’ water sustainability. RWSI scores varied widely (from 5.7 to 6.5) among the communities. It was also found that localities more distant from surface water presented more water stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public-private partnership (PPP) arrangements have been used all over the world to develop infrastructure and provide public services. The principle of this procurement option seems sound. It consists of obtaining a (private) partner who makes the upfront initial investments, manages the infrastructure that will be paid for during its lifespan and assumes all of the corresponding responsibilities. However, the empirical world has proven that frequently results are different from those expected and that the price to pay for service is greater than predicted and sometimes even greater than when traditional public works are involved. With respect to the use of PPP projects, Brazil is no exception. Currently, it is making one of the biggest PPP investments in the world. This paper discusses the use of the PPP model in the Brazilian water sector, its pros and cons and the existing dangers. It also makes some recommendations to improve these contracts. Although the balance seems positive, this research provides some evidence of room for improvement because preliminary studies and procurement documents are seldom well prepared, there is little competition, the risk matrix is unbalanced, favoring renegotiations and the private sector, and contract management is inadequate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the authors' reflections regarding the collaborative studies and discussions on water resources among researchers from Thailand and Brazil. First, the similarities and differences between the countries regarding water resource management and policies are noted. Subsequently, the experiences and challenges of both countries in the negotiated allocation of water resources are discussed. Finally, the researchers comment on the current proposed draft of Thailand's water law based on the experience in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]