1. High fidelity simian immunodeficiency virus reverse transcriptase mutants have impaired replication in vitro and in vivo.
- Author
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Lloyd SB, Lichtfuss M, Amarasena TH, Alcantara S, De Rose R, Tachedjian G, Alinejad-Rokny H, Venturi V, Davenport MP, Winnall WR, and Kent SJ
- Subjects
- Animals, Base Sequence, Cell Line, HEK293 Cells, Humans, Macaca nemestrina, Male, Molecular Sequence Data, Mutation, Plasmids chemistry, Plasmids immunology, RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase immunology, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome immunology, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus immunology, T-Lymphocytes immunology, T-Lymphocytes virology, Viral Load, Viral Proteins immunology, Drug Resistance, Viral genetics, RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase genetics, Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome virology, Simian Immunodeficiency Virus genetics, Viral Proteins genetics, Virus Replication genetics
- Abstract
The low fidelity of HIV replication facilitates immune and drug escape. Some reverse transcriptase (RT) inhibitor drug-resistance mutations increase RT fidelity in biochemical assays but their effect during viral replication is unclear. We investigated the effect of RT mutations K65R, Q151N and V148I on SIV replication and fidelity in vitro, along with SIV replication in pigtailed macaques. SIVmac239-K65R and SIVmac239-V148I viruses had reduced replication capacity compared to wild-type SIVmac239. Direct virus competition assays demonstrated a rank order of wild-type>K65R>V148I mutants in terms of viral fitness. In single round in vitro-replication assays, SIVmac239-K65R demonstrated significantly higher fidelity than wild-type, and rapidly reverted to wild-type following infection of macaques. In contrast, SIVmac239-Q151N was replication incompetent in vitro and in pigtailed macaques. Thus, we showed that RT mutants, and specifically the common K65R drug-resistance mutation, had impaired replication capacity and higher fidelity. These results have implications for the pathogenesis of drug-resistant HIV., (Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2016
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