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The authors described the variants of initial surgical d-bridement on the basis of experience of treatment of 183 patients of multistaged treatment program.

The authors describe the present-day views on the nature of immune dysfunctions in severe traumas. Based on personal clinical experiences and literature data the authors discuss the role of immune dysfunctions in pathogenesis of the traumatic disease. Special attention is given to the role of the immune system in the development of the life-threatening condition: polyorganic insufficiency whose formation mainly results from disorganization and functional failure of the system of immune reactivity. Clinical investigations have shown high effectiveness of early administration for severe wounds and traumas of a new means of immunocorrection--yeast recombinant interleukin-2 of man (preparation Roncoleukin). The administration of this immunocorrector in complex schemes of intensive therapy of the victims was shown to prevent the development of severe pyo-septic pathology and perfectly change the course of the traumatic disease.

The work analyses the possibility to use individually prepared ceramic endoprostheses in 6 children with a congenital or acquired pathology of the mandible. The operative methods with the application of ceramic endoprostheses are described which are characterized by less traumatic action and higher accuracy of correcting the defect or deformity of the mandible as compared with using biological plastic materials. This method of treatment can be recommended at the intermediate stages of the restorative reconstruction treatment of the mandible pathology in children.

Basing on their experiences the authors describe principal technical methods of free transplantation of skin in different areas of the face. Their personal observations are used as illustrations.

The authors consider that puncture decompression of the intervertebral disc with using the endoscopic technique and laser evaporation is a method allowing to rapidly and effectively help patients with the root syndrome. All the manipulations are made with local anesthesia. The patients started walking on the second day after operation.

In 4.47% of observation in patients after liquidation of the cleft lip and the palate the lower prognathia is diagnosed. From 77 patients being operated for lower prognathia such kind of patients were 7. The subsequence of the treatment measures is the following: correction of the upper jaw on the basis of compactostetomy and it's subsequent widening with orthodontic devices. In case of impossibility of sufficient widening of the dental arch the removable dental prosthesis is made for application on the upper jaw with doubling dental row accounting achievement of the desired bite. At the second stage the osteotomy of the upper jaw brunch and sagittal removement of the central section back are carried out up to achievement of the neutral bite. In dependence on jaw sagittal removement degree operative treatment may be performed by the intravial (I degree) or extravial method (II-III progemy degrees). Quite satisfactory remote results are presented. The paper is illustrated by 4 figures. The list of literature is given.

Results of using vagotomy with draining operations in 201 patients with perforating ulcers of the duodenum are described. The authors have developed indications to using one or another kind of vagotomy and draining operations depending on the arising surgical situation. The observation of the sequence of operative measures, certain technical methods of vagotomy, sanitation of the abdominal cavity depending on the degree of peritonitis using continuous peridural morphine anesthesia in the complex treatment makes it possible to use vagotomy even for spreaded forms of peritonitis. As compared with the analogous group of patients after resection of the stomach or suture of the perforated ulcers, the lethality was reduced from 9.4% to 2%.

The primary surgical treatment of injured soft tissues of the maxillofacial area is performed with special reference to anatomo-physiological features of the injured area, mechanism and character of the trauma. Complete closure of all wound surfaces is a necessary condition of the primary surgical treatment of wounds of the face with elements of primary plasty when necessary. It gives the best functional and esthetic results and a more valuable preparation of the injured area for the following reconstructive operations.

Technical peculiarities of a new method of gastric resection are described. Mobilization of the portion being removed was performed without an injury of main vessels and nerves. The secondary branches running to the part being resected should be subjected to parietal ligation or dissection. Operations were made on 52 patients for gastric ulcer or polyps. Immediate and remote results were good.

The author makes an analysis of the achievements of the Soviet surgical stomatology in such main problems as injury of the maxillofacial area, inflammatory diseases, developmental defects. The role of scientists of the Department of Surgical Stomatology of the Leningrad Medical Institute for Postgraduate Training is shown.

The experimental and clinical findings obtained by the authors have evidenced the rationale of using an autovein or large femoral fascia for application of a cuff. While using synthetic materials, some cases of venous thrombosis under a cuff were observed. Late results of the operation during 2-5 years were followed up in 25 patients, 13 of them had crural ulcers. No varicosity and ulcers were noted in outpatient examination.

The authors have noted changes in the peripheral blood picture in patients with acute phlegmonous and catarrhal appendicitis for the last 20 years. General leukocytosis was found to be higher with a simultaneous elevation of a relative amount of lymphocytes, monocytes and eosinophils; the relative neutrophilia decreased with no changes in the absolute amount of neutrophils. The causes of these changes are supposed to be the same as those of acceleration.

The authors describe an original variant of gastric resection which was performed in 65 patients with ulcer of the cardial portion of the stomach with good immediate and remote results.