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1. COVID-19 Vaccines: Fear of Side Effects among German Health Care Workers

Author

Christopher Holzmann-Littig, Tamara Frank, Christoph Schmaderer, Matthias C. Braunisch, Lutz Renders, Peter Kranke, Maria Popp, Christian Seeber, Falk Fichtner, Bianca Littig, Javier Carbajo-Lozoya, Joerg J. Meerpohl, Bernhard Haller, Christine Allwang, and on behalf of the CEOsys Consortium

Subjects
COVID-19, vaccine hesitancy, health care workers, side-effects, fears, Medicine
Abstract

(1) Background: Health care workers (HCWs) play a key role in increasing anti-COVID vaccination rates. Fear of potential side effects is one of the main reasons for vaccine hesitancy. We investigated which side effects are of concern to HCWs and how these are associated with vaccine hesitancy. (2) Methods: Data were collected in an online survey in February 2021 among HCWs from across Germany with 4500 included participants. Free-text comments on previously experienced vaccination side effects, and fear of short- and long-term side effects of the COVID-19 vaccination were categorized and analyzed. (3) Results: Most feared short-term side effects were vaccination reactions, allergic reactions, and limitations in daily life. Most feared long-term side effects were (auto-) immune reactions, neurological side effects, and currently unknown long-term consequences. Concerns about serious vaccination side effects were associated with vaccination refusal. There was a clear association between refusal of COVID-19 vaccination in one’s personal environment and fear of side effects. (4) Conclusions: Transparent information about vaccine side effects is needed, especially for HCW. Especially when the participants’ acquaintances advised against vaccination, they were significantly more likely to fear side effects. Thus, further education of HCW is necessary to achieve good information transfer in clusters as well.

Published
2022
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2. COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance and Hesitancy among Healthcare Workers in Germany

Author

Tamara Frank, Peter Kranke, Bianca Littig, Matthias C. Braunisch, Javier Carbajo-Lozoya, Christian Seeber, Falk Fichtner, Joerg J Meerpohl, Christopher Holzmann-Littig, Christine Allwang, Maria Popp, Bernhard Haller, and Christoph Schmaderer

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, education, Immunology, Population, Article, Herd immunity, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Information seeking behavior, vaccine, Drug Discovery, Health care, medicine, Pharmacology (medical), ddc:610, 030212 general & internal medicine, Adverse effect, Pharmaceutical industry, Pharmacology, education.field_of_study, business.industry, virus diseases, COVID-19, vaccination hesitancy, Odds ratio, vaccination, Vaccination, 030104 developmental biology, Infectious Diseases, Family medicine, Medicine, vaccine refusal, vaccination campaign, business
Abstract

Vaccination hesitancy is a threat to herd immunity. Healthcare workers (HCWs) play a key role in promoting Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination in the general population. We therefore aimed to provide data on COVID-19 vaccination acceptance/hesitancy among German HCWs. For this exploratory, cross-sectional study, an online survey was conducted in February 2021. The survey included 54 items on demographics, previous vaccination behavior, trust in vaccines, physicians, the pharmaceutical industry and health politics, fear of adverse effects, assumptions regarding the consequences of COVID-19, knowledge about vaccines, and information seeking behavior. Odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated and chi-square tests were performed. Four thousand five hundred surveys were analyzed. The overall vaccination acceptance was 91.7%. The age group ≤20 years showed the lowest vaccination acceptance. Factors associated with vaccination hesitancy were lack of trust in authorities and pharmaceutical companies. Attitudes among acquaintances were associated with vaccination hesitancy too. Participants with vaccination hesitancy more often obtained information about COVID-19 vaccines via messenger services or online video platforms and underperformed in the knowledge test. We found high acceptance amongst German HCWs. Several factors associated with vaccination hesitancy were identified which could be targeted in HCW vaccination campaigns.

Published
2021
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