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This paper explores to what extent individual, organizational and social factors determine academic trajectories, controlling for socio-demographic variables such as sex and academic rank. For this, a correlational study was developed in a convenience sample of academics from the Federico II University of Naples, in Italy (N = 228, 55.3 % men and 44.7 % women), between 21 and 67 years old (M = 51.7, SD = 9.2), with the use of descriptive statistics and multiple correspondence analysis. The results show two differentiated tendencies: (1) that of male and full-professors, and (2) that of women and middle and early-career levels. The first group perceive less difficulties and value personal (Model 1, 53.9 % of variance) and family success (Model 2, 50.3 % of variance) factors more. Barriers such as the influence of informal power networks (Model 3, 42.7 % of variance) and family issues, as work-life balance (Model 4 and 5, 50.2 % and 59.9 % of variance), are perceived with greater intensity by the second group. The results highlight the importance of measures for equal opportunities in academia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of the paper will be to analyze the influence of parental academic expectations and gender stereotypes in secondary education students' self-efficacy beliefs, outcome expectations, and interests. 2364 students in their final year of Lower Secondary Education participated in the study in Spain. Data have been analyzed combining three procedures: descriptive analysis, comparison of means and structural equation modeling. The results indicate that boys perceive higher parental support than girls in technology and computing. Regarding gender stereotypes, boys perceive higher parental gender stereotypes than girls in technology/computing and science. In our sample, perceived parental support and gender stereotypes do not have a direct influence on outcome expectations and interest, however, self-efficacy beliefs do influence outcome expectations and interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to describe and understand the phenomena of chronic pain without organic cause (better known as fibromyalgia) from a feminist and critical perspective through made of a tool by which to diagnose this pain as bio-psycho-social dimensions: gender psycho-social diagnosis. This tool, presented here, taking into account the labour dimension (both professional and family) of the affected people in the cultural context Catalan (Spanish State) of the last 5 decades, ambivalent in terms of gender equality. The production data we use in this paper it's obtained through in-depth interviews (conducted in the metropolitan area of Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain) and analyzed by content analysis and critical discourse analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are few studies on pathological gambling (PG) tests and prevalence for Colombian population. The aim of this paper was to obtain both psychometric properties of the Pathological Gambling Short Questionnaire (PGSQ), as well as to calculate the prevalence of pathological gambling (PG) for a non-randomized sample of university and technical courses from all Colombian capital cities. Results showed a PGSQ good internal reliability (0.74) and convergent validity with a cognitive distortions indicator -r(5618)= 0.462, p < 0.001-. The prevalence of possible pathological gamblers was similar to other studies which have used broader measures of pathological gambling (19.2%). Men, youngest people and members of low social class had higher scores in PG. According to these results, it should be confirmed PG prevalence with other measures, in order to boost legal and socio-health actions for prevention of PG in high risk groups and to know utility of PGSQ for Colombian clinical samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses Emotional Intelligence (EI) in Colombian Primary School Children depending on their location (rural or urban) and gender. The final sample consisted of 1451 students in fourth and fifth grade of three provinces in the Boyacá department. Emotional Quotient Inventory: Youth Version ([EQ-i: YV]; Bar-On & Parker, 2000) was used for data collection. Both the reliability and validity of EQ-i: YV have been determined for this sample. The main results revealed differences in EI according to location. Overall, EI was higher in urban than in rural settings. Also, scores on the interpersonal and adaptability dimensions differed by gender. Additionally, the need for future research and development of Social and Emotional Learning programs in schools is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the relationship between religious orientation and Meaning in Life, in a sample of 180 Spanish undergraduates (age range 18-55, M = 22.91, SD = 6.71), measured by means of both Spanish versions of the Religious Orientation Scale and the Purpose-In-Life Test, respectively. The starting point is the Batson and Ventis' conception that the Quest orientation is mature and flexible, but the Intrinsic orientation is dogmatic and uncritical. If it is so, the Quest orientation should be related more positively to meaning in life. Our results indicate that the Intrinsic orientation, but not Quest, explains a higher percentage of the variance of the Meaning in Life, confirming the results obtained in previous research. Batson and Ventis' approach is questioned, and it raises the possibility that intrinsic religious convictions are a source of meaning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses gender research in urban public space through three different perspectives: the social representations and differentiated uses of space, the division of roles in public and private spaces, and urban planning of public space. The paper gathers and analyses some studies that complement the state of art and literature on women and space giving evidence on how women have been segregated from public space and are victim of gender inequalities. Public space does not exist absolutely nor gender; instead both are socially constructed by social order and reproduced by social practices. Finally, some suggestions for urban planning and research are given in order to respond women's needs in public space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]