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Objectives: The main objective of the present study is to obtain callus and cell suspension culture from Balanitesa egyptiaca sterile plantlets grown in vitro and to compare growth and the biosynthetic potential of saponins, flavonoids and glycosides by callus and cell suspension culture Balanitisa egyptiaca. Methods: Callus was induced from the mother plants on MS culture media supplemented with 2.0 mg/l BA + 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D with and without agar gelling. Total saponins, glycosides and flavonoids were estimated in both types of cultures over a period extending from 1 to 5 weeks to compare the productivity of such secondary metabolites in callus and cell suspension cultures. Results: The results obtained indicated that both calli and cell suspension cultures were able to synthesize the target active ingredients and that cell suspension culture was superior to the callus culture in the biosynthesis and accumulation processes. By the end of the incubation period, the amount of total saponins in cell suspension culture reached up 51.97±0.26 dry biomass compared to 35.02 ±0.06 mg/g in callus culture. The amount of total flavonoids in cell suspension culture reached up 10.88±0.24 dry biomass compared to 6.40±0.02 mg/g in callus culture and of total glycosides reached up 6.11±0.25 dry biomass compared to 5.06 ±0.05 mg/g in callus culture. Conclusions: The results obtained in this study may indicate the promising role that plant cell culture will play in the future in phytopharmaceutical industry. Peer Review History: Received 16 July 2020; Revised 12 August; Accepted 26 August, Available online 15 September 2020 UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Name: Dr. Gehan Fawzy Abdel Raoof Kandeel Affiliation: Researcher at pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Egypt. E-mail: gehankandeel9@yahoo.com Name: Ahmad Najib Affiliation: Department of Pharmacognosy-Phytochemystry Universitas Muslim Indonesia-Indonesia E-mail: ahmad.najib@umi.ac.id Comments of reviewer(s): Similar Articles: PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF COLOCASIA ESCULENTA (TARO) MEDICINAL PLANT LEAVES USED IN FOLK MEDICINE FOR TREATMENT OF WOUNDS AND BURNS IN HUFASH DISTRICT AL MAHWEET GOVERNORATE–YEMEN PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND THIN LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHIC OF PRUNUS DULCIS (ALMOND) MEDICINAL PLANT LEAVES USED IN FOLK MEDICINE FOR TREATMENT OF WOUNDS AND BURNS IN HUFASH DISTRICT AL MAHWEET GOVERNORATE–YEMEN

Objective: Prunus dulcis (Almond) belongs to the family Rosaceae and is rich in polyphenols, including hydroxybenzoic acids and aldehydes, flavonol and flavanone aglycones, and glycosides. The objective of current study was phytochemical screening of chemical constituents of Prunus dulcis extract. Methods: In this study methanolic and aqueous extracts of one plant namely Prunus dulcis were screened for the presence of phytochemical constituents and tested for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. The qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the results showed presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, resins, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, and amino acid were present in the methanol extract, with absence of glycosides, and amino acids in the aqueous extracts in leaves plant. Results: TLC tests conducted revealed Rf values in the leaves for alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenols and saponins(0.92-0.96-0.96-0.95-0.96) respectively. The antimicrobial activity extracts against four bacterial isolates Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli , Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella sp. and a single fungal isolate Candida albicans with concentrations (0.5 mg/ml, and 1,0 mg/ml) of the extract were added to the disc and respective solvent was used as negative control. The antioxidative activity of leaf was evaluated by using 1,1- diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), the results showed are 85.5%, lowest from standard, ascorbic acid 87.5%. Conclusion: The present study showed that prunus dulcis are rich sources of useful secondary metabolites, suitable for use for medicinal purpose like treat wounds and burns diseases. Peer Review History: Received 8 April 2019; Revised 20 April; Accepted 5 May, Available online 15 May 2019 Academic Editor: Dr. Marwa A. A. Fayed, University of Sadat City, Egypt, maafayed@gmail.com UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file: Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 8.5/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Dr. Rana Ahmed MohamedEl-Saied El-Fitiany, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt, marmarelfitiany@gmail.com Dr. Mohamed Said Fathy Al-Refaey, University of Sadat City, Menofia, Egypt, Mohamed.said@fop.usc.edu.eg Similar Articles: PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-DIABETIC POTENTIALS OF PERSEA AMERICANA MILL. (LAURACEAE) FRUIT EXTRACT PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND IN-VITRO ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY POTENTIAL EVALUATIONS OF METHANOLIC EXTRACTS OF COCOS NUCIFERA (L.) LEAVES

Objective: Psidium guajava (PG) belongs to the family Myrtaceae that is believed to have active components that help to treat conditions like malaria, gastroenteritis, vomiting, diarrhea, dysentery, wounds, ulcers, toothache, coughs, sore throat, inflamed gums, and a number of other condition. The objective of current study was phytochemical screening of chemical constituents of Psidium guajava extract.Methods: In this study methanolic and aqueous extracts of one plant namely Psidium guajava, were screened for the presence of phytochemical constituents and tested for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.Results: TLC tests conducted revealed Rf values in the leaves for alkaloids, Flavonoids, Tannins, Phenols and Saponins(0.96-0.97-0.99-0.97-0.99) respectively. The antimicrobial activity extracts against four bacterial isolates Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella sp. and a single fungal isolate Candida albicans with concentrations (0.5 mg/ml, and 1,0 mg/ml) of the extract were added to the disc and respective solvent was used as negative control. The antioxidative activity of leaf was evaluated by using 1,1- diphenyl-2 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), the results showed are 88.4%, highest from standard, ascorbic acid 87.5%.Conclusion: The qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the results showed presence of alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, resins, saponins, tannins, flavonoids, phenols, and amino acid were present in the methanol extract, with absence of glycosides, and amino acids in the aqueous extracts in leaves plant. Peer Review History: Received 24 March 2019; Revised 10 April; Accepted 20 April, Available online 15 May 2019 Academic Editor: Dr. Iman Muhammad Higazy, National Research Center, Egypt, imane.higazy@hotmail.com UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file: Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.5/10 Reviewer(s) detail: Ahmad Najib, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, Indonesia, ahmad.najib@umi.ac.id Dr. Md. Shahidul Islam, USTC, Chittagong, Bangladesh, S_i_liton@yahoo.com Similar Articles: PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF COLOCASIA ESCULENTA (TARO) MEDICINAL PLANT LEAVES USED IN FOLK MEDICINE FOR TREATMENT OF WOUNDS AND BURNS IN HUFASH DISTRICT AL MAHWEET GOVERNORATE–YEMEN