1. Ultrasonic B-Line-Like Artifacts Generated with Simple Experimental Models Provide Clues to Solve Key Issues in B-Lines
- Author
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Hideo Kobayashi, Nobuyuki Taniguchi, Naohisa Kamiyama, Yuko Kanayama, and Toru Kameda
- Subjects
Male ,Reverberation ,Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,Computer science ,Biophysics ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Key issues ,030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging ,Focal zone ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Reference Values ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Center frequency ,Compound imaging ,Lung ,Ultrasonography ,Radiological and Ultrasound Technology ,business.industry ,Bandwidth (signal processing) ,Pattern recognition ,Middle Aged ,Models, Theoretical ,Visualization ,Ultrasonic sensor ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,Artifacts - Abstract
We evaluated the influence of settings on an ultrasound machine on the configuration of a single B-line in a healthy model and analyzed the frequency spectrum. We also devised simple experimental models that generated B-line-like artifacts and evaluated the influence of the machine settings on the configuration. Visualization of B-lines was affected by the spatial compound imaging, the focal zone and the frequency. The spectra of both the B-line and non-B-line region at the same depth had the same center frequency and bandwidth. B-line-like artifact was generated by a spindle-shaped juice sac of a mandarin orange, an edible string-shaped glucomannan gel, glass beads and glass plates. Visualization of B-line-like artifacts was also affected by these machine settings. Our study indicated that the physical basis of some B-lines is multiple reverberations. B-line-like artifacts provide clues for solving key issues, such as the physical basis of B-lines, the sonographic-pathologic correlation in B-lines and the effects of machine settings.
- Published
- 2018