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This study measures the effects of Pistacia terebinthus flower extract on the amounts of lipid peroxidation (LPO), total protein, glutathione, and enzyme activities in blood. It also measures the effects of the plant extract on glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activities and it arrives at the conclusion that GSH-Px activity significantly increased in the Pistacia terebinthus-hydrogen peroxide group (P < 0.0001) and SOD activity meaningfully increased in the Pistacia terebinthus (P < 0.05) and Pistacia terebinthus-hydrogen peroxide (P < 0.0001) groups. It is also found that P. terebinthus extract has protective effects against LPO exerted in the kidney, brain, and lungs (P < 0.0001). The positive effects of P. terebinthus extract are also found on the levels of glutathione and total protein in all organs, except for the level of glutathione in the spleen and brain, and the increase of glutathione and total protein (P < 0.0001). These results are parallel to the effect of the extract used in this study on the LPO levels in tissues and they show that the plant species used in the study has positive effects on the activities of antioxidant molecules as well as protective effects against LPO. © TÜBİTAK. F?BAP 1937 This work was supported by T?B?TAK under grand number 107T898 and was also supported by F?rat University under grant number F?BAP 1937.

Acomys cilicicus is endemic to Turkey and known from a very restricted area. The exact distribution of the species was not known up to now and the IUCN status of the species was Data Deficient (DD). To determine the exact distribution area of the species, 39 localities within the historical distribution were surveyed by using 3243 Sherman traps between 2013 and 2016. Turkish spiny mouse samples were obtained from 14 of these 39 localities and the current distribution of the species was determined. We found that the Turkish spiny mouse has two isolated populations in the area between Silifke and Erdemli with a total distribution area of about 104.5 km2, extending from sea level up to 510 m a.s.l. Population trend estimates showed a steep decline in the last 20 years from 21.42 to 2.75 as trap night index value. These data, along with the decline in habitat quality and continuing threats to the species, merit an IUCN status of Critically Endangered (CR). The main threats for this species are habitat loss due to urbanization, new motorway construction, stone quarry development, conversion of Mediterranean shrublands into agricultural fields, and afforestation. For conservation purposes, a species protection action plan is necessary immediately. © TÜBİTAK., Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi: 2012-10-06-10 113R029 National Council for Scientific Research, This study was financially supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK, Grant Number: 113R029) and Bülent Ecevit University (Grant Number: 2012-10-06-10). We would like to thank Dr Faruk Çolak, Dr Muhsin Çoğal, Kürşat Kenan Kalkan, and Sercan Irmak for their help during field surveys and laboratory studies.

The new species Eustenomacidius ( Caucasohelops ) egeuniversitatis sp. n. is described from Southeastern Anatolia (Van Province). The species differs from two other representatives of the subgenus Caucasonotus Nabozhenko, 2006 by the absence of temple grooves (lower aspect of eye having a posterior ventral groove) and shiny body without microsculpture. It is the first record of the genus in Turkey. Data on bionomics and a key to species of the subgenus Caucasonotus are given. Mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I ( cox1 ) barcoding regions of type specimens were also sequenced and uploaded to GenBank.

Ambarli, Huseyin/0000-0003-4336-9417 WOS: 000393615100013 Turkey has viable populations of many carnivore species of the Western Palearctic. Among those, ursids and canids are represented by brown bear (Ursus arctos) and 3 canid species, gray wolf (Canis lupus), golden jackal (Canis aureus), and red fox (Vulpes vulpes), respectively. Those species occur in major ecosystems of Turkey and experience a wide range of threats, and they are at the center of human-wildlife conflicts. However, due to a limited number of studies about their ecology and taxonomy, their current distributions, population sizes, and statuses are vague. In this study, we document the 4 species' known data in terms of distribution range, population biology, phylogeography, threats and conflicts with people, and National Red List status in Turkey by reviewing the recent literature and national news about carnivores, data collection in field surveys, and interviews with local people, personnel of the Ministry of Forestry, and hunters in more than 50 provinces. Additionally, we also provide information about rabies cases in consideration with carnivore conservation. We finally recommend further studies to fill information gaps for wildlife conservation and management based on scientific evidence. TUBITAKTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [2219] This study was supported by TUBITAK 2219 postdoctoral fellowship. We would like to thank the Nature Conservation Center (DKM) for support in the field studies, and the provincial and district directors of the Department of Wildlife, Department of Forestry, and hunting associations in the Black Sea, Eastern, Aegean, and Inner Anatolia regions. We would also like to thank Bruce McLellan for his help in determining the brown bear's IUCN status in Turkey.

WOS: 000393615100009, The karyotypes of three species of social voles recently discovered in Turkey (Microtus irani karamani, M. schidlovskii, and M. anatolicus) were investigated. All specimens examined revealed similar karyotypes comprising 60 chromosomes in the diploid complement. All autosomes and the X chromosome were acrocentric. The subtelocentric Y chromosome was recorded in M. anatolicus but it was acrocentric in the other species. Dark C-bands were observed in centromeric/pericentromeric areas of all the acrocentric autosomes. The X chromosome had a centromeric C-positive area and the Y chromosome was completely heterochromatic in all specimens examined. AgNORs were recorded in the pericentromeric region of seven autosome pairs in M. irani karamani, ten autosome pairs in M. schidlovskii, and eight autosome pairs of M. anatolicus. Differences in the NOR distribution between the species were quantified in a neighbor-joining tree. The individuals of M. anatolicus appeared as the basal branch in relation to the derived sister group of M. schidlovskii and M. irani karamani.

Tarkan, Ali Serhan/0000-0001-8628-0514 WOS: 000369731900010 This study was undertaken monthly between September 2011 and October 2012 at 10 stations in Hisaronu, Marmaris, and Fethiye bays of Mugla Province with the aim of examining spatiotemporal patterns of distribution, abundances, and environmental associations of Scyphozoa species. Temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, and chlorophyll-a values were measured both on the surface and at a depth of 20 m. Scyphozoa species were sampled by observation and counting from a boat and by diving. Mean temperatures of the sampling stations were between 20.08 and 21.26 degrees C. Salinity and chlorophyll-a concentrations showed typical Mediterranean features in the bays. Three Scyphozoa species, Aurelia aurita (Linnaeus, 1758), Cotylorhiza tuberculata (Macri, 1778), and Cassiopea andromeda Forskal, 1775, were determined in the sampling sites. C. tuberculata was observed at only one station in Fethiye Bay in August while A. aurita was found at two stations in Fethiye Bay. It showed a bloom in February with abundance of 152 ind./100 m(3) at the Fethiye 3 station. Distribution of C. andromeda, which was distributed extensively in the study area, was determined only by scuba diving. This species was observed from April to December with high abundances. Maximum abundances of C. andromeda were 64 ind./100 m(2) (August) in Hisaronu Bay, 71 ind./100 m(2) (August) in Marmaris Bay, and 64 ind./100 m(2) (June) in Fethiye Bay. Significant relationships were detected between environmental variables and Scyphozoa species. C. andromeda was positively and significantly correlated with temperature and negatively with dissolved oxygen, while A. aurita was insignificantly and positively associated with dissolved oxygen and negatively with temperature. Mugla Sitki Kocman University Scientific Research Project Coordination UnitMugla Sitki Kocman University [12/14] This study was supported by the Mugla Sitki Kocman University Scientific Research Project Coordination Unit with project number 12/14. We thank Bedri Kurtulus for help with the ARCGIS mapping program. We also thank Anil Gulsahin, Halit Filiz, and Gokcen Bilge for helping in diving and Zeynep Dorak for invaluable help in statistical analyses.

Dendrolaelaps casualis Huhta and Karg, 2010 and Multidendrolaelaps putte Huhta and Karg, 2010 are recorded for the first time from Turkey. Both species were collected from household poultry manure in the Kızılırmak Delta, Samsun Province, Turkey, during a survey in 2013 and 2014. The morphological characters of these species are described with figures and a key for adult females is provided.The mesostigmatid mites, which exhibit predatory, parasitic, and phoretic behavior, have a wide range of habitats that include soil, litter, compost, carrion, animal dung, house dust, bird nests, and poultry litter. The members of the family Digamasellidae are distributed worldwide and are predaceous. They are commonly found in decomposed material, litter, manure, galleries of beetles, decaying wood, and soil (Karg, 1993; Walter and Proctor, 1999; Lindquist et al., 2009; Hofstetter et al., 2013). Madej et al. (2011) reported the importance of microhabitats for the preservation of species diversity in mesostigmatid mites

WOS: 000373706200013 In this study the reference ranges belonging to some hematological parameters of Myotis myotis and Myotis blythii, collected from three localities in Turkey in 2012 and 2013, are given for the first time. Bats were caught using a special bat net and they were released after the required amount of blood sample was taken. In Myotis myotis, erythrocyte diameter was recorded as 5.04 mu m and the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes in 1 mm(3) of blood was 11.35 x 10(6) and 4865, respectively. While the hemoglobin level was 14.9 g/dL, the hematocrit value was measured as 57.0%. The other values were as follows: mean cell volume (MCV) 52.40 fL, mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) 13.70 pg, mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) 23.30%, and amount of total protein 10.5 g/L. In Myotis blythii specimens, erythrocyte diameter was recorded as 5.69 mu m and the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes in 1 mm(3) of blood was 14.52 x 10(6) and 4296, respectively. While the hemoglobin level was 13.09 g/dL, the hematocrit value was measured as 60.20%. The other values measured as follows: MCV 43.67 fL, MCH 9.70 pg, MCHC 21.70%, and amount of total protein 10.625 g/L. Coordination Unit of Scientific Research Projects of Kirikkale University (BAP)Kirikkale University [2012/07] This study is a part of two master theses and was funded by the Coordination Unit of Scientific Research Projects of Kirikkale University (BAP, Project No: 2012/07). We thank C Gul for technical assistance during the laboratory studies.

WOS: 000344879100005, The compilation of papers on marine annelids along the coasts of Turkey together with new records of species (24 species) presented in this study yielded a total of 721 species belonging to 2 classes (Polychaeta and Clitellata), 60 families, and 352 genera. Polychaeta were represented by 705 species, Oligochaeta by 13 species, and Hirudinea by 3 species. Syllidae (119 species) and Serpulidae (56 species) were the species-rich polychaete families. The majority of annelid species were benthic (691 species), 14 species were pelagic, and 3 species (leeches) were parasitic. Thirteen polychaete species were excluded from the species inventory. The Aegean Sea had the highest number of species (559 species), followed by the Levantine Sea (459 species) and the Sea of Marmara (398 species). The hot spot areas for the species diversity were Izmir Bay, Mersin Bay, the southwest part of the Sea of Marmara, and Sinop Peninsula, where intense scientific efforts have been carried out. A total of 75 alien polychaete species were reported from the regions, 22 of which were classified as invasive species. The annelid species were generally encountered in soft substrata of the shallow-water benthic environments, whereas only 9 species were reported from depths deeper than 600 m., TUBITAK ProjectTurkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Arastirma Kurumu (TUBITAK) [111Y268]; Environmental Protection Agency for Special Protected Areas (Fethiye-Gocek Specially Protected Area); DeKoS Project (Marine and Coastal Waters Quality Determination and Classification Project) - Ministry of Environment and Urbanization [CTUE 5118703], Some data in the present study were obtained from a TUBITAK Project (111Y268), the project funded by the Environmental Protection Agency for Special Protected Areas (Fethiye-Gocek Specially Protected Area), the DeKoS Project (Marine and Coastal Waters Quality Determination and Classification Project, No: CTUE 5118703) supported by the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization and coordinated by TUBITAK MAM, and the TANAP Project coordinated by CINAR Engineering.

The effects of temperature, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, phosphate, and chlorophyll-a concentration on the body length and egg production of a cyclopoid copepod, Thermocyclops crassus, and a calanoid, Eudiaptomus drieschi, were evaluated. Sampling was conducted in Yenişehir Lake (Hatay, Turkey) on a monthly basis between May 2003 and April 2004. The results of the present study showed that, among the parameters considered, temperature and chlorophyll-a concentration were the main parameters influencing the body length of T. crassus and E. drieschi in Yenişehir Lake. For E. drieschi, egg production was also affected by chlorophyll-a levels.

WOS: 000323423000012, Fatty acid profiles of total, neutral, and polar lipids in the liver, muscle, and intestine of female individuals of Vimba vimba (L., 1758) were determined by gas chromatography. C16:0, C16: 1 n-7, C18:1 n-7, and C18:1 n-9 were the most abundant fatty acids in total and neutral lipids in all tissues investigated. In addition to these acids, C20:4 n-6 (arachidonic acid) and C22:6 n-3 (docosahexaenoic acid) were the other fatty acids having high percentages in the polar lipid fraction of the tissues. The highest and lowest n-3 to n-6 ratios, which are a good indicator of the quality of fish oils, were determined in the muscle (1.68) and liver (0.68) in the polar lipid fraction, respectively. It was determined that the species had low levels of the n-3 forms of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the investigated tissues. For a better understanding of fatty acid metabolism of V. vimba, more detailed studies are required in terms of feeding experiments.

Four Tachinidae species were recorded for the first time in Turkey. They are Aphria longirostris, Belida angelicae, Winthemia quadripustulata, and Nowickia rondanii.

Although water level fluctuations and related environmental variations occurring within reservoirs have a considerable effect on the zooplankton community, studies on zooplankton dynamics of reservoirs are very limited. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the diurnal vertical migration of zooplankton in relation to the concentration of physicochemical factors and chlorophyll a content in a recently formed water reservoir (Tahtalı Reservoir, Kocaeli, northwestern Turkey). During the sampling period 20 zooplankton taxa were identified, which were mostly indicative of eutrophic waters, as confirmed by the physicochemical factors of the water in the reservoir. Rotifera was the most abundant group, followed by Copepoda and Cladocera. Statistical analyses indicated that all the zooplankton species showed a similar distribution pattern throughout the study. They declined in abundance in the water column from the surface to a depth of 6 m, and then increased relatively again towards the deepest part of the water (9 m). Abiotic factors, chlorophyll a, time of the day, and depth significantly impacted the abundance of zooplankton, whereas they jointly had no effect. The results suggested that abiotic factors and chlorophyll a were controlling factors on the vertical distribution pattern of the zooplankton in the Tahtalı Reservoir.

WOS: 000322356600018 One female specimen of Serranus hepatus (Linnaeus, 1758) (Perciformes, Serranidae) was captured off the Black Sea coast of Turkey by bottom trawl at a depth of 80-90 m on 23 March 2012. This is the first record of this species for the Black Sea. Ministry of Food, Agriculture, and LivestockGida Tarim Ve Hayvancilik Bakanligi [HAYSUD/2010/09/01/04] This study was supported by the Ministry of Food, Agriculture, and Livestock (project number HAYSUD/2010/09/01/04) and was performed by TAGEM/SUMAE under the name "Monitoring of Trawl Fisheries in The Black Sea".

This paper presents the boundary element analysis of interference fit problems using axisymmetric boundary elements. A subregional technique is used to calculate the interference pressure and to find the von Mises stresses on the hub bore, without using iteration and incremental methods. The shaft and hub are modelled with equal lengths, unequal lengths, a shoulder on the shaft, and a grooved hub. Axisymmetric models of the shaft and hub are used to determine variable interference pressure along the interface line in the axial direction. The hub material is considered as steel and grey cast iron, and the shaft material is taken to be steel. All models used in the analysis are also solved using the finite element method with the ANSYS program. The results are compared with each other.

Kaya, Murat (Aksaray, Yazar), In a book chapter containing the fi rst checklist and distribution of Turkish rotifers, published in 1999, were listed 167 taxa. The second checklist, published in 2004, reported 229 rotifer taxa in Turkey. During the 7 years since this checklist process, many studies have been carried out and we have prepared a new checklist of Turkish rotifers in the present study. In all, 341 rotifer taxa have been recorded to date.

Kuzey Kıbrıs’ta dağılış gösteren 5 Kıbrıs evcil atının arka bağırsak siliyat kompozisyonu ve dağılımı araştırılmıştır. Dokuz siliyat cinsi ve 11 tür tespit edilmiştir. Kıbrıs evcil atlarının bağırsak siliyatları üzerine yapılan ilk çalışmadır ve endemik bir türe rastlanmamıştır. Cycloposthium, Spirodinium ve Paraisotricha cinsleri tüm hayvanlarda tespit edilmiştir. Ortalama siliyat sayısı (5,5 ± 4,4) × 104 hücre $mL^ {-1}$ ve konak başına ortalama siliyat türü sayısı 7,2 ± 1,5’tir. Tespit edilen evcil at siliyatlarının özellikleri, dünyanın çeşitli bölgelerindeki diğer atgillerinkiyle neredeyse benzerdir ve bu durum Kıbrıs’ın evcil at bağırsak siliyat faunasında pek varyasyon olmadığını gösterir., The species composition and distribution of large intestinal ciliates was investigated in feces from 5 Cypriot domestic horses living in Northern Cyprus. We identified 9 ciliate genera and 11 species. This is the first report on intestinal ciliates in Cypriot domestic horses, and no endemic species were observed. the genera Cycloposthium, Spirodinium, and Paraisotricha occurred in all animals. the mean number of ciliates was (5.5 ± 4.4) x 104 cells $mL^ {-1}$ of feces and the mean number of ciliate species per host was 7.2 ± 1.5. the characteristics of the domestic horse ciliates were almost identical to those reported in other equids from various regions around the world, suggesting that there is little or no pronounced geographic variation in the intestinal ciliate fauna of equids.

A new species of freshwater amphipod, Gammarus obruki sp. nov., collected from İnderesi Cave, Bartın Province, Turkey, is described and illustrated. The new species belongs to the Gammarus pulex group. The most discriminant characters of this species are the presence of prolonged extremities, a very long antenna 1 (up to 52 segmented flagellum), densely setose fifth peduncle and flagellar segments of antenna 2, and a fourth peduncle segment that has no long setae. A detailed morphological description and illustrations of the new species are provided and diff erences from related species are discussed.

Er, Aylin (Balikesir Author), Various vertebrate-type steroid and gonadotropin hormones have been identified in invertebrates, including insects; however, studies in this area are not sufficient to presume a generalized role for these hormones. We identified testosterone, progesterone, and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in the whole-body homogenates of Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and its parasitoid Pimp la turionellae L. (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Testosterone concentration significantly decreased from early instars to last instars and pupal stages of G. mellonella; however, no significant difference was observed in progesterone levels at different stages. FSH concentration reached the highest level at the pupal stage of G. mellonella. No significant difference was observed in testosterone, progesterone, and FSH concentrations in young and mature adults of the parasitoid P turionellae for both sexes. We also monitored the changes in testosterone, progesterone, and FSH levels over 2, 6, and 24 h in parasitized G. mellonella pupae. During the experimental periods no significant difference in hormone levels was found between controls and parasitized G. mellonella pupae.

Özet: Dünyanın bir çok bölgesinde leptostrakanlar üzerine veriler hala yetersizdir. Son yıllarda doğu Akdeniz’de birkaç Nebalia Leach, 1814 türü rapor edilmiştir ancak 100 m den daha derin sulardan herhangi bir kayıt bulunmamaktadır. Doğu Akdenizde, Gökçeada’da 680 ve 820 m derinliklerden elde edilen çalışma örnekleri Nebalia abyssicola Fage, 1929’nın varlığını göstermiştir. Bu tür çalışma bölgesi için yeni kayıttır ve ender kayıtlarından biridir. Bireyler önceki tanımlamalara dayalı olarak tanımlanmış ve şekillleri çizilmiştir. Aynı zamanda doğu Akdeniz’de bilinen bütün leptostrakanlar için bir tayin anahtarı oluşturulmuştur., Data on deep sea leptostracans (Crustacea: Phyllocarida: Leptostraca) are still scarce in many parts of the world. in the last few years, several species of Nebalia Leach, 1814, have been reported from the eastern Mediterranean; however, there have been no reports from waters deeper than 100 m. Samples collected recently from Gökçeada, Turkey—at depths of 680-820 m in the Aegean Sea, eastern Mediterranean—included Nebalia abyssicola Fage, 1929. This is the first record for the study area and one of the few known records of this species. Specimens are described and figured to complement previous descriptions. A key for all known leptostracans from the eastern Mediterranean is also provided.

Özet: Burada özetlenen çalışmada doğu çam kese böceği Thaumetopoea wilkinsoni’nin (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) besin tüketimi ve tercihine sıcaklığın etkisi araştırılmıştır. Arazide kese sayımları ve laboratuarda besin seçme deneyleri yapılmıştır. İki çam türü (Pinus nigra ve P. brutia) ele alınmıştır. Her iki ağaç türünde de yumurtadan çıkan tırtıllar toplanmış ve dört farklı sıcaklık koşulunda (15, 20, 25, 30 °C) yürütülen deneylere dahil edilmişlerdir. Tırtıllara besin olarak her iki ağaç türünden toplanmış yapraklar verilmiştir. Sonuçlar sıcaklık arttıkça tırtılların beslenme miktarının da arttığını ve aynı zamanda besin tercihinde bir belirsizleşme olduğunu göstermiştir. Erken evrelarde alınan besin tipinin ileri evrelerdeki besin tercihini etkileyebildiği görülmüştür. Abstract: The work reported here analyzes the effects of temperature on host consumption and preference of eastern pine processionary caterpillar Thaumetopoea wilkinsoni (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae). Nest censuses were taken in the field and food choice tests were conducted in the laboratory. Two pine species (Pinus nigra and P. brutia) were considered. Caterpillars hatched on both pine species were collected and included in experiments that were conducted under 4 different temperature regimes (15, 20, 25, and 30 ºC). Needles of both pine species were offered as food. Results showed that increasing the temperature caused an increase in the feeding amount of the caterpillars and also a blurring effect on preference. Early instar diet was found to have effects on late instar diet.

We report 18 specimens of Ophisops elegans from Kastamonu and Sinop provinces in the western Black Sea region of Anatolia. Previously, the northernmost known locality for O. elegans in Anatolia was Sinop Province. These new records extend the known distribution area of the species and fill the gaps in the distribution range of the species in the Black Sea region. The specimens were compared with the geographically closest subspecies, O. e. centralanatoliae from Ulukışla, Niğde. On the basis of pholidosis, coloration, and pattern, the new specimens can be included in the subspecies O. e. centralanatoliae., Bu çalışmada, Batı Karadeniz bölgesinde Kastamonu ve Sinop’tan 18 Ophisops elegans örneği kaydedilmiştir. Daha önce Ophisops elegans için Anadolu’da en kuzey nokta Sinop olarak biliniyordu. Yeni kayıtlar, türün dağılış sahasını genişletmiş ve Karadeniz Bölgesi dağılışındaki boşlukları doldurmuştur. Bu örnekler, Ulukışla, Niğde’den toplanan ve coğrafi k olarak en yakın alttür olan O. e. centralanatoliae ile karşılaştırılmıştır. Yeni örnekler pholidosis, renk ve desen özellikleri açısından değerlendirilerek O. e. centralanatoliae alt türüne dahil edilmiştir.

WOS: 000309796500013, Seasonal variations in the liver and muscle fatty acid composition of Alburnus chalcoides (Guldenstadt, 1772) from Todurge Lake (Sivas, Turkey) were determined. The most abundant fatty acids in the investigated seasons and tissues were C16:0, C18:0, C18:1 n-9, C18:1 n-7, C20:4 n-6, C20:5 n-3, and C22:6 n-3. The total saturated fatty acids (SFAs) of the liver and muscle were at the highest in the spring (38.59%) and summer (41.65%), respectively. The total monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) were at the highest in the autumn (51.79%) for liver and in the winter (40.04%) for muscle. The total polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were determined to be at the lowest levels in the autumn for the both liver and muscle. The lowest total n-6 PUFA levels were determined as 2.60% and 4.19% in the autumn for the liver and muscle, respectively, while the lowest total n-3 PUFA levels were 14.84% for the liver (autumn) and 22.60% for muscle (spring)., Scientific Research Foundation of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP) [F-243], This work was supported by the Scientific Research Foundation of Cumhuriyet University (CUBAP) with the project number F-243 and derived from the fatty acid composition of Chalcalburnus chalcoides, which is a part of a PhD thesis. For this reason, we want to convey our special thanks to CUBAP. We also thank Professor Abdurrahman AKTUMSEK for his kind guidance during the fatty acid analyses.

Bu çalışmada, İzmir Körfezi’ndeki dört benekli kayabalığının boy dağılımı, cinsiyet oranı, boy-ağırlık ilişkisi, yaş, büyüme, yumurtlama dönemi, ilk eşeysel olgunluk yaşı ve boyu araştırılmıştır. Temmuz 2004 ile Haziran 2007 tarihleri arasında İzmir Körfezi’nde yapılan trol çekimleri ile 1696 adet dört benekli kayabalığı elde edilmiştir. Örneklerin total boyları 3,1 ile 9,2 cm arasında değişmiştir. Elde edilen örneklerin % 31,1’inin dişi, % 27,7’sinin erkek ve % 41,2’sinin eşeysel olgunluğa erişmemiş genç bireylerden oluştuğu ve stoğa ait eşey oranının 1:0,89 olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Örneklerin yaş kompozisyonunun 1 ile 5 yaşları arasında değişim gösterdiği tespit edilmiştir. Tüm bireyler için boy-ağırlık ilişkisi W = 0,0036L3,45 ve von Bertalanff y büyüme eşitliği Lt = 10,29[1 – e–0,371(t + 0,502)] olarak bulunmuştur. Yumurtlama döneminin Şubat’ta başladığı ve Mayıs’a kadar devam ettiği belirlenmiştir. İlk üreme boyu dişilerde 6,15 ± 0,18, erkeklerde ise 6,38 ± 0,20 cm olarak hesaplanmıştır., Length distribution, sex ratio, length-weight relationship, age, growth, spawning period, age, and length at first maturity of four-spotted goby inhabiting İzmir Bay were investigated. A total of 1696 four-spotted goby were collected by trawl hauls between July 2004 and June 2007. The size of the fi sh sampled ranged from 3.1 to 9.2 cm total length. The samples were composed of 31.1% females, 27.7% males, and 41.2% juvenile individuals, with a female to male ratio of 1:0.89. The age of the fish ranged from 1 to 5 years. The length-weight relationship and the von Bertalanff y growth function were estimated for all individuals as: W = 0.0036L3.45 and Lt = 10.29[1 – e–0.371(t + 0.502)]. Spawning period started in February and continued until May. The lengths at first maturity of females and males were 6.15 ± 0.18 and 6.38 ± 0.20 cm total length, respectively.

Tachinidae (Diptera) familyasına ait Medina separata (Meigen 1824) (Diptera: Tachinidae) Türkiye’den ilk kez kaydedilmektedir. Medina separata Mesnil (Diptera: Tachinidae) is recorded for the fi rst time from Turkey.

Bu çalışmada Gediz Deltası’nda (İzmir-Türkiye) üreyen ve kışlayan Kıyı Kuşlarının (Yağmurcunlar) populasyon büyüklükleri ve dağılımları, mevsimsel değişimleri araştırılmıştır. Üreyen kuşların populasyon büyüklüğü ve dağılımları 2002 ve 2006 yıllarında yapılan üreyen kuşlar araştırması, kışlayan kuşların büyüklükleri ise 1990–2007 arası yapılan sukuşu sayımları ile belirlenmiştir. Mevsimsel değişim analizleri 1990–2007 arası 5043 gözlem kaydına karşılık gelen 432 farklı sayım kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Alanda bu güne kadar tespit edilen kıyı kuşu türü sayısı 38 olup haft alık gözlem ortalaması 22,5 ± 4,0 türdür. 2002 yılında dokuz, 2006 yılında ise sekiz farklı türün ürediği tespit edilmiştir. Sukuşu sayımlarına göre çalışma alanında ortalama yılık gözlenen Kıyı Kuşu sayısı 8731 ± 2530 birey olup tüm Türkiye’de kışlayan Kıyı Kuşu populasyonun %42,2 ± 25,9’sini oluşturmaktadır. Çalışma sırasında 11 Kıyı Kuşu türünün alanda kaydedilen populasyonunun uluslararası kriterlerce belirlenen populasyon eşik değerlerinin üzerinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Gediz Deltası üreyen, kışlayan ve göçmen Kıyı Kuşları açısından Batı Palearktik’te bulunan önemli sulakalanlardan birisidir., The present study describes breeding and wintering abundances, distributions, and seasonal occurrences of shorebirds (waders) in the Gediz Delta (İzmir-Turkey). Breeding abundance and distribution, and wintering abundance data were collected by carrying out breeding bird surveys in 2002 and 2006, and waterbird censuses between 1990 and 2007, respectively. Seasonal occurrences were determined using 432 diff erent observations corresponding to 5043 diff erent records between 1990 and 2007. Thirty-eight wader species were observed with a weekly average of 22.5 ± 4.0. Breeding evidence was obtained for 9 species in 2002 and 8 species in 2006. Average number of waders identifi ed during yearly mid-winter waterbird census was 8731 ± 2530, corresponding to 42.2 ± 25.9% of the whole wintering wader population in Turkey. During the present study 11 species were encountered in internationally signifi cant numbers. The Gediz Delta is one of the key sites in the Western Palearctic region for breeding, wintering, and migrating waders.

Fethiye Körfezi’nden (Türkiye’nin Akdeniz kıyıları) Diogenidae, Paguridae, Galatheidae ve Porcellanidae familyalarına dahil toplam 22 anomur türü tespit edilmiştir. Çalışma boyunca saptanan 22 türden 14’ü (Pagurus prideaux Leach, 1815, P. forbesii Bell, 1845, P. cheuvreuxi (Bouvier, 1896), P. cuanensis Bell, 1845, P. excavatus (Herbst, 1791), Anapagurus petiti Dechance and Forest, 1962, A. chiroacathus (Lilljeborg, 1856), A. bicorniger A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1892, Dardanus calidus (Risso, 1827), Paguristes syrtensis De Saint Laurent, 1971, Diogenes pugilator (Roux, 1829), Galathea dispersa Bate, 1859, G. bolivari Zariquiey Álvarez, 1950, Pisidia longimana (Risso, 1816) Fethiye Körfezi’nden; 5’i (A. chiroacanthus, A. petiti, A. bicorniger, P. cheuvreuxi and P. prideaux) Türkiye’nin Akdeniz kıyılarından ilk kez rapor edilmektedir. A. chiroacanthus ayrıca Levantin Denizi’nden ilk kayıttır. Türlerin Türk sularındaki dağılımları ve bazılarının fotoğrafları verilmiştir., A study of the anomuran crustaceans found in Fethiye Bay, on the Mediterranean coast of Turkey, revealed 22 species belonging to 4 families (Diogenidae, Paguridae, Galathaeidae, and Porcellanidae). of these, 14 species (Pagurus prideaux Leach, 1815, P. forbesii Bell, 1845, P. cheuvreuxi (Bouvier, 1896), P. cuanensis Bell, 1845, P. excavatus (Herbst, 1791), Anapagurus petiti Dechance and Forest, 1962, A. chiroacathus (Lilljeborg, 1856), A. bicorniger A. Milne Edwards and Bouvier, 1892, Dardanus calidus (Risso, 1827), Paguristes syrtensis De Saint Laurent, 1971, Diogenes pugilator (Roux, 1829), Galathea dispersa Bate, 1859, G. bolivari Zariquiey Álvarez, 1950, and Pisidia longimana (Risso, 1816)) were new records for Fethiye Bay, and 5 species (A. chiroacanthus, A. petiti, A. bicorniger, P. cheuvreuxi, and P. prideaux) were new records for the Mediterranean coast of Turkey. in addition, A. chiroacanthus was recorded for the first time from the Levantine Sea. Distribution of the species in the Turkish waters is provided, together with photographs of some of the species.

Sinop Sarıkum Lagün’ünden Mayıs 2003 – Nisan 2004 tarihleri arasında her ay ığrıp çekilerek yakalanan yavru dere pisisi balığının, Platichthyes flesus L., 1758, epizoik siliatları belirlendi. Trichodina jadranica (Raabe, 1958) Haider, 1964; Trichodina domerguei Wallengren, 1897; Riboscyphidia sp.; Ambiphrya sp.; ve Vorticella sp. olmak üzere 5 epizoik siliat türü 296 adet yavru dere pisisi balığında tanımlandı. Bu türler arasında Trichodina jadranica dominat türdü. Beş epizoik siliatın enfeste balık başına ortalama yoğunluğu ve enfestasyon oranı mobil ve sesil siliatlar olmak üzere iki grup adı altında toplu olarak verildi. Mobil siliatlar yavru pisi balıkların solungaçlarında yaygın olarak bulunurken, sesil siliatlar yüzgeçlerinde bulundu. Mobil siliatlara ait en yüksek enfestasyon oranı ve yoğunluğu kış ve baharda kaydedildi. Diğer taraftan sesil siliatlar kışın gözlenmedi. Oluşturulan altı boy sınıf içinden en büyük boy sınıfında mobil siliatların yoğunluğu daha yüksek oranda bulundu. Bu çalışma Türkiye’deki yavru pisi balıklarının ektoparazitik siliatları üzerine ilktir. T. jadranica, Türkiye parazit faunası için yeni parazit kaydı iken, T. domerguei için yavru pisi balıkları yeni bir konak kaydıdır., The occurrence of epizoic ciliates on the juvenile flounder, Platichthys flesus L., 1758, collected monthly by fishing net in Sinop’s Sarıkum Lagoon Lake during the period from May 2003 to April 2004, was investigated. Five epizoic ciliate species, Trichodina jadranica (Raabe, 1958) Haider, 1964; Trichodina domerguei Wallengren, 1897; Riboscyphidia sp.; Ambiphrya sp.; and Vorticella sp., were found after examination of 296 juvenile flounder. Among these, T. jadranica was the dominant species. The prevalence and mean intensity values of the 5 epizoic ciliates were given as pooled data for 2 groups, namely mobiline ciliates and sessiline ciliates. Mobiline ciliates were commonly found on the gills of juvenile flounders, whereas sessiline ciliates were found only on fins. The highest prevalence and mean intensity levels of mobiline ciliates were recorded in the winter and spring seasons. Sessiline ciliates were absent in winter. The largest-sized juvenile flounder among the established 6 length classes had a higher intensity of mobiline ciliates. This study is the first on the epizoic ciliate fauna present on the juvenile flounder in Turkey. While T. jadranica is a new parasite record, the juvenile flounder is a new host record for T. domerguei in Turkey.

Akdenizde Leptostracanlar üzerine bilgi hayla yetersizdir. Türkiye’nin Ege denizi kıyılarında ve Kıbrıs’da yapılan örnekleme çalışmaları sonucunda Nebalia strausi Risso, 1826 and N. kocatasiMoreira, Kocak and Katagan, 2007 türlerine rastlanılmıştır. N. kocatasi Kıbrıs ve Levantin havzası için yeni kayıttır. Ayrıca çalışmada tespit edilen Nebalia sp. 1 ve Nebalia sp. 2 bilim için iki yeni tür olabilirler. Fakat bu türlere ait eksik materyal kesin sonuca ulaşmada engel teşkil etmektedir. Tespit edilen türlerin tanımlamaları ve bu türler hakkındaki taksonomik görüşler çalışmada sunulmuştur., Knowledge about leptostracans from the Mediterranean Sea is still scarce. Examination of samples collected from the Aegean Sea off Turkey and from Cyprus in the eastern Mediterranean Sea revealed new localities and range extensions for 2 species of leptostracans: Nebalia strausi Risso, 1826, and N. kocatasiMoreira, Koçak, and Katagan, 2007. the record of N. kocatasi is the first for Cyprus and for the Levantine Basin. Additional specimens (Nebalia sp. 1 and Nebalia sp. 2) might prove to belong to 2 new species but the lack of material prevents their formal description.

Küçük pisi balıkları, Arnoglossus laterna (n = 1892), Ocak 2005-Aralık 2006 tarihleri arasında İzmir Körfezi’nde gerçekleştirilen trol çekimleriyle yakalanmıştır. Örneklerin total boy ve ağırlıkları 3,9 ile 16,0 cm ve 0,47 ile 41,63 g arasında dağılım göstermiştir. Dişi erkek oranı 1:1,91’dir. Dişi, erkek ve tüm bireyler için boy-ağırlık ilişkileri sırasıyla; W= 0,0096 × $L^{2,921}$, W = 0,0111 × $L^{2,857}$ ve W = 0,0096 × $L^{2,917}$, boy ve ağırlığa göre von Bertalanffy büyüme parametreleri; L? = 17,58, 15,36 ve 17,19 cm; k = 0,412, 0,461 ve 0,495 $yil^{-1}$; $t _0$ = –0,379, –0,332 ve –0,380 yıl olarak hesaplanmıştır. Büyüme performans indeks değerleri (?´) ise; 2,105, 2,036 ve 2,165 olarak bulunmuştur., Scaldfish (Arnoglossus laterna) (n = 1892) were caught in İzmir Bay (Aegean Sea) from January 2005 to December 2006. Total length and weight of all specimens ranged from 3.9 to 16.0 cm and from 0.47 to 41.63 g, respectively. The overall ratio of females to males was 1:1.91. The length-weight relationships for females, males, and all specimens combined were estimated, respectively, as W = 0.0096 × $L^{2.921}$, W = 0.0111 × $L^{2.857}$, and W = 0.0096 × $L^{2.917}$; and the parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth equations were, respectively, L∞= 17.58, 15.36, and 17.19 cm; k = 0.412, 0.461, and 0.495 $year^{-1}$; and $t _0$ = –0.379, –0.332, and –0.380 year. The growth performance index values (Φ´) were 2.105, 2.036, and 2.165, respectively.

The species of Gugolzia (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae) in Europe and Turkey were reviewed, and an identification key for differentiating the species is provided. Newly discovered diagnostic characters of the genus were added to the diagnoses given by earlier authors. Species were recorded as parasitoids of phytophagous Eurytomidae (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea). New host and distributions are for Gugolzia harmolitae, which was reared from Tetramesa romana feeding on shoots of Arundo donax (Poaceae), Gugolzia karadagae n.sp. from Eurytoma plotnikovi feeding on fruits of Pistacia vera together with Megastigmus pistaciae (Chalcidoidea: Torymidae) in Gaziantep province, and Gugolzia melengicia n.sp. from fruits of Pistacia terebinthi together with M. pistaciae, Eurytoma sp., and Scophyla sp. (Eurytomidae) in Hatay province, Turkey. The new species are described, their diagnostic characters are illustrated by photographs, and biological data for the species are given., Gugolzia (Hymenoptera: Chalcidoidea, Pteromalidae) türleri yeniden ele alınarak çalışılmıştır. Cins için bazı yeni ayırt edici karakterler bulunmuş ve bu karakterler daha önceden diğer yazarlarca verilen karakterlere eklenmiştir. Cinsin Türkiye ve Avrupa türleri için teşhis anahtarı oluşturulmuştur. Gugolzia türleri fitofag Eurytomidae’lerin parazitoitleri olarak belirlenmiştir. Arundo donax (Poaceae) sürgünlerinde beslenen Tetramesa romana (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae) ve bunun paraziti olan Gugolzia harmolitae konukçularından elde edilmiş ve Türkiye’de ilk kez bulunmuşlardır. Gaziantep İlinde Gugolzia karadagae n. sp. antepfıstığı meyvelerinde Megastigmus pistaciae (Hymenoptera. Torymidae) ile birlikte zarar yapan Eurytoma plotnikovi (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae)’den elde edilmiştir. Hatay İlinde diğer bir yeni tür olan Gugolzia melengicia n.sp. Pistacia terebinthi meyvelerinden M. pistaciae, Eurytoma sp. ve Scophyla sp. (Eurytomidae) ile birlikte elde edilmiştir. Yeni türler tanımlanmış, ayırt edici karakterlerinin resimleri ve türlere ait bazı biyolojik bilgiler verilmiştir.

Diprion pini (L.) (Hymenoptera: Diprionidae)’nin Birlik (Ankara) ormanında Tachinidae familyasına ait Drino gilva Hartig ve Diplostichus janitrix Hartig (Diptera: Tachinidae) olmak üzere iki parazitoiti tespit edilmiştir. Bunlardan D. janitrix Türkiye Tachinidae faunası için yeni kayıttır. Drino gilva (Hartig) and Diplostichus janitrix (Hartig) (Diptera: Tachinidae) were reared from the larvae of Diprion pini (Linnaeus) (Hym.: Diprionidae) in Birlik (Ankara) Forest. D. janitrix was recorded for the first time in Turkey.

A new species, Quadrastichus dasineurae n. sp. (Hym.: Eulophidae), was reared from galls of Dasineura oleae (Loew) (Dipt.: Cecidomyiidae) on leaves and shoots of Olea europea L. as a larval parasitoid of the host in Hatay, a province of Turkey. This paper details the new species and some biological data., Hatay İli- Türkiye’de zeytin ağacı, Olea europea L.,’nın sürgün ve yapraklarında bulunan Dasineura oleae (Loew) (Dipt.: Cecidomyiidae) larvalarının oluşturduğu gallerden elde edilen bir yeni tür, Quadrastichus dasineurae n. sp. (Hym.: Eulophidae), tanımlanmış ve bu türe ait bazı biyolojik bilgiler verilmiştir.

This paper concerns 2 new shrimp records, Eualus sollaudi (Zariquiey Cenarro, 1935) and Palaemonella rotumana (Borradaile, 1898), found during sampling performed by scuba divers near the coast in Fethiye Bay (the eastern Mediterranean, Turkey) in June and July 2008., Bu makale Haziran ve Temmuz 2008’de Fethiye Körfezi (doğu Akdeniz, Türkiye) kıyılarında scuba dalıcıları tarafından gerçekleştirilen örneklemeler sırasında bulunan iki yeni karides, Eualus sollaudi (Zariquiey Cenarro, 1935) ve Palaemonella rotumana (Borradaile, 1898) kaydıyla ilgilidir.

Lordosis şiddeti ile levrek juvenillerinin yüzme performansı arasındaki ilişki araştırılmıştır. 14 ± 1 °C su sıcaklığındaki kritik yüzme hızını (Ucrit) belirlemek için, 1,44 g ile 3,44 g (ortalamaTA ± SS: 2,41 ± 0,49 g) arası ağırlıklarda ve 5,4 cm ile 6,5 cm (ortalamaTB ± SS: 6,03 ± 0,39 cm) arası boylarda, 110 – 130 günlük 149 deney hayvanı kullanılmıştır. Normal, sağlıklı balıklarda omurga açısı, 180° olarak ölçülmüştür. Anormal balıklardaki lordosis şiddeti, bu değerde bir düşüş göstermektedir. Bu çalışmada kullanılan deney hayvanlarının omurga açıları (?º), 115º ile 180º ve kritik yüzme hızı değerleri, 32,67 cm s-1 ile 44,73 cm s-1 arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. Lordosis şiddetinin artışıyla (azalan omurga açısı), Ucrit değerinde önemli bir düşüş olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar, bu türdeki yüzme performansının, omurga açılarından etkilendiğini göstermiştir ve bu bilgi, ticari kuluçkahanelerde ayırma yöntemlerinin geliştirilmesi potansiyeline sahiptir., The relationship between the lordosis severity and swimming performance in sea bass juveniles was investigated. in total, 149 experimental animals 110-130 days old that ranged from 1.44 to 3.44 g (meanTW ± SD: 2.41 ± 0.49 g) and 5.4 to 6.5 cm (meanTL ± SD: 6.03 ± 0.39 cm) were used in experiments to determine critical swimming speed (Ucrit) in water that was 14 ± 1 °C. Vertebral angle in normal healthy fish is 180°. the lordosis severity in abnormal fish is indicated by a reduction in this value. Vertebral angles (ϕº) of the experimental animals in this study ranged from 115° to 180° on the hemal region, and Ucrit ranged from 32.67 to 44.73 cm s-1. A significant reduction in Ucrit was observed as lordosis severity increased (decreasing vertebral angle), showing that swimming performance was influenced by vertebral angle deformity in this species. This information has the potential to improve separation methods at commercial hatcheries.

Bu çalışmada, 1915–2007 yılları arasında Eğirdir Gölü balık faunasındaki değişimler değerlendirilmiştir. Eğirdir Gölü balık faunasındaki en köklü değişimin 1955 yılında sudağın (Sander lucioperca) aşılanması ile gerçekleştiği, 1996 yılında gümüşi havuz balığı (Carassius gibelio) ve 2003 yılında gümüş balığının (Atherina boyeri) da eklenmesiyle değişim sürecinin devam etmekte olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Günümüzde, Eğirdir Gölü’nde 15 balık taksonu (10’u yerli 5’i yabancı) bulunmaktadır. Gölün endemik türlerinden Kavinne (Pseudophoxinus handlirschi)’nin neslinin tükendiği (EX), Ereğli sazanı (Hemigrammocapoeta kemali)’nın yok olduğu, Eğirdir otsazanı (Pseudophoxinus egridiri) ve Eğirdir bıyıklısı (Capoeta pestai)’nın ise kritik düzeyde (CR) bulunduğu belirlenmiştir., The ichthyofaunal changes in Lake Eğirdir between 1915 and 2007 were reviewed. It was understood that the most drastic change in the ichthyofauna of Lake Eğirdir occurred in 1955 with the introduction of pike-perch (Sander lucioperca), and that the process of change continued with the addition of Prussian carp (Carassius gibelio) in 1996 and big scale sand smelt (Atherina boyeri) in 2003. Today, there are 15 fish taxa (10 native, 5 non-native) in Lake Eğirdir. It was determined that, among the endemic species of Lake Eğirdir, Handlirsch’s minnow (Pseudophoxinus handlirschi) is extinct (EX), Ereğli minnow (Hemigrammocapoeta kemali) disappeared, and Eğirdir minnow (Pseudophoxinus egridiri) and Eğirdir barb (Capoeta pestai) are critically endangered (CR).

Field studies were conducted in July and August 2000, and in June and September 2001 in order to determine the zooplankton composition and abundance of Lake Eğrigöl, a high mountain lake located 2060 m a.s.l. in the middle Taurus Mountain Range. In total, 41 species were found, including 30 Rotifera, 8 Cladocera, and 3 Copepoda. Based on the number of species and their abundance (individuals m-3), rotifers were the dominant group (49.75%-90.92%), followed by Cladocera (6.54%-27.52%), and Copepoda (2.54%-22.72%). All taxa were first records for the lake., Orta Toroslarda deniz seviyesinden 2060 metre yükseklikte yer alan Eğrigöl’ün zooplankton kompozisyonunun ve bolluğunun ortaya çıkarılması için Temmuz, Ağustos 2000 ve Haziran, Eylül 2001 de dört arazi çalışması düzenlenmiştir. 30 tür rotifer, 8 tür kladoser ve 3 tür kopepod olmak üzere toplam 41 tür tespit edilmiştir. Tür sayısı ve bolluk değerlerine göre Eğrigöl’de rotiferlerin baskın olduğu (%49,75 - 90,92), bunu kladoserlerin (%6,54 - 27,52), ve kopepodların (%2,54 - 22,72) izlediği anlaşılmıştır. Tespit edilen türlerin tamamı Eğrigöl’den ilk kez bildirilmektedir.