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Tocopherols and tocotrienols in the combined form are known as tocols. Changes of total and individual tocols and sterols concentration of canola oil and deodorizer distillate (DD) during different processing stages were evaluated with the application of gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). For sterols analysis, GC coupled with flame ionization detector (FID) was used while tocols in canola oil samples and DD, normal phase (NP) HPLC was applied. The results of the present study indicated that levels of total and individual tocols and sterols content were decreased during processing (neutralization to deodorization). Deodorization was found to be the most effective process for the reduction of total sterols and tocols as 55.9% and 34.2%, respectively. A high amount of tocols and sterols was observed in DD. Among tocols and sterols; beta tocopherol (ß-T) and ß-sitosterol were found to be in greater concentration 53.97% and 31.82%, respectively. Therefore, DD could be used as a valuable byproduct in the cosmetics and food industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used for the separation of tocopherols and triglycerides of processed soybean oil and deodorizer distillate (DD). The results of normal and reversed-phase modes of HPLC revealed that concentrations of tocopherols and triglycerides content were decreased during the neutralization, bleaching, and deodorization processes. The loss of individual tocopherols ranged between 55.16% and 63.25%. During processing, triglycerides containing stearicoleic- linoleic (SOL) moieties and palmitic-palmitic-linoleic (PPL) fragments showed greater reduction up to 38.14% and 37.69%, respectively. Among tocopherols and triglycerides; -tocopherol and oleic-oleic-oleic (OOO) were found to be in greater concentrations 5.53% and 19.78%, respectively in DD as compared to their counterparts. A maximum reduction of tocopherols was observed in the deodorization step. DD was found to be a rich source of bioactive components; therefore, it could be used for many industrial applications including pharmaceutical formulations, cosmetics, and food industries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tocopherols and tocotrienols in the combined form are known as tocols. Changes of total and individual tocols and sterols concentration of canola oil and deodorizer distillate (DD) during different processing stages were evaluated with the application of gas chromatography (GC) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). For sterols analysis, GC coupled with flame ionization detector (FID) was used while tocols in canola oil samples and DD, normal phase (NP) HPLC was applied. The results of the present study indicated that levels of total and individual tocols and sterols content were decreased during processing (neutralization to deodorization). Deodorization was found to be the most effective process for the reduction of total sterols and tocols as 55.9% and 34.2%, respectively. A high amount of tocols and sterols was observed in DD. Among tocols and sterols; beta tocopherol (β-T) and β-sitosterol were found to be in greater concentration 53.97% and 31.82%, respectively. Therefore, DD could be used as a valuable by-product in the cosmetics and food industries., Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors have declared no conflicts of interest., (© TÜBİTAK.)