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Phthalocyanines are tetrapyrrolic artificial porphyrinoids that play major roles in advanced biological and technological applications. Research on this family of dyes is particularly active in Türkiye, with many derivatives being prepared from 4,5-dihexylthiophthalonitrile DiSHexPN, which is one of the most popular noncommercially available building blocks for phthalocyanines. This review summarizes the phthalocyanines and their versatile properties and applications that have been published since 1994, when the synthesis of DiSHexPN was first described, to emphasize the importance of this building block in plentiful applications, all with biomedical or technological impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

N-bridged dimers of tetrapyrroles complexed by transition metals have been known for nearly four decades, and gained renewed attention when their powerful oxidation properties were recently evidenced. This article is a state of the art review of the reported complexes and of their synthetic methods. Beyond classical chemistry characterization tools, speci?c methods appropriate to their structure are used and are presented in detail. Finally, their uses and importance of oxidation catalysts are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A phthalocyanine-fluorescein conjugate was designed and prepared. Its photophysical properties (electronic absorption and fluorescence) were determined and compared with those of an analogous derivative functionalized by a simple triazole without chromophore. It is likely to be used as a theranostic agent in photodynamic therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]