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Ethnobotanical and ethnomedicinal studies have become increasingly recognised as a valuable source of information on the use and possible pharmacological activity of many plant species. There is no study presenting traditional herbal remedies used for kidney diseases in Turkey. The purpose of the paper is to compile herbal remedies used in kidney diseases in Turkey with detailed usage information and chemical constituents. The botanical names, families, and local names; used parts; preparation methods; administration/dosage; kidney problems and chemical constituents were presented by screening ethnobotanical, ethnomedicinaland phytochemical studies. The most cited plant families, the most cited genera, and the most frequently used plant parts were determined and presented in graphics. In total, 300 taxa belonging to 70 families were determined as being traditional herbal remedies used in kidney diseases. Asteraceae (57), Lamiaceae (33), Rosaceae (30), Fabaceae (16), Malvaceae (15), Apiaceae (13) and Poaceae (10) were found as the most cited plant families. The most cited genera were Helichrysum (44), Equisetum (27), Tribulus (23), Urtica (23), Rosa (17), Alcea (14), Hypericum (14) and Paliurus (14), respectively. It was found that the aerial parts were the most frequently used part of theplant, accounting for 28%. Following in this category are leaves (19%), flowers (14%), fruits (14%), underground parts (13%), seeds (5%), stem (3%), and other parts (4%). The pharmacological studies of the most cited genera were also reviewed to confirm the efficacy of these plants inthe treatment of kidney diseases. It is concluded that a number of pharmacological and phytochemical research support the traditional usage of plants, but further studies are needed. Our findings are expected to be the basis for candidate pharmaceutical products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a taxonomic contribution to the genus Pyrus L. P. georgica and P. pseudosyriaca are reported from Turkey for the first time. The status of P. pseudosyriaca is discussed and it is treated as a new variety of Pyrus syriaca. Notes on the chorology, morphological descriptions, figures, and taxonomy are provided. Moreover, P. serikensis and P. boissieriana are reduced to synonyms of P. cordata. An endemic subspecies, P. elaeagrifolia subsp. kotschyana, is compared with the related species P. elaeagrifolia and it is reassessed at the species level based on morphology and distribution. With these changes, Pyrus is represented by 18 taxa belonging to 12 species in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this paper, a lectotype for Arabis del exa Boiss. is designated, and detailed morphological properties and dif erences between related taxa and a distribution map are given. Furthermore, an IUCN threat category is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Minuartia turcica M.Koç (Caryophyllaceae) is described as a new species of sect. Minuartia. The specimens were collected from the village of Yukarıçiftlik in the district of Safranbolu (Karabük Province, Turkey). The new species is similar to Minuartia leucocephaloides, but the differences between the 2 species are discussed in this paper. Descriptions and illustrations are given, as is information on the distribution and conservation status of the new species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fourth check-list of the series entitled "Additional taxa to the Flora of Turkey" comprises a total of 175 taxa based on data given in 162 papers published up until the end of 2007. It provides details of taxa not recorded in the 11 volumes of the Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands nor in the there previously published supplementary check-lists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This checklist contains a total of 295 taxa published as additions to the Flora of Turkey. It includes details of taxa neither recorded by P.H.Davis' ‘Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands’ or its supplements, nor in the 2 previously published checklists. The records in this list are based on data given in nearly 195 papers published up to the end of 2004. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a floristic study on Kirmir valley, between Güdül and Yesilöz district, in Ankara province. The study was carried out during 2000-2003 and 1040 vascular plant specimens were collected. Four hundred and forty-eight wild taxa belonging to 266 genera and 74 families were determined. Furthermore, as for cultivated plants, 45 taxa were determined. The total number of wild and cultivated plant species is 493. Thirty-two of the wild taxa are endemic to Turkey and the rate of endemism is 7.1%. The 3 largest families are Asteraceae (43 taxa), Brassicaceae (40 taxa), and Fabaceae (37 taxa). The largest 3 genera are Alyssum L. with 10 taxa, Veronica L. with 7 taxa and Salvia L., Astragalus L. and Vicia L. with 6 taxa. The phytogeographical distribution of the wild species is as follows: Irano-Turanian elements 73 (16.3%), Mediterranean elements 46 (10.3%) and Euro-Siberian elements 43 (9.6%). Forty-seven species are new records for the A4 square. Similarities between the taxa and ratio of phytogeographical elements of Kirmir valley and those of 10 other studies performed near our study area were compared using clustering analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]