Search

Modern durum wheat breeding programs are becoming more oriented toward creation of not only high-yield cultivars but also high quality, with good stability for the trait of interest. Vitreousness of grain is associated with semolina granulation, color, and protein content; it is regarded as one of the most important characteristics in the grading industry, affecting the commercial value of the commodity. A set of 15 winter and facultative durum wheat genotypes was tested for grain vitreousness across 6 environments for 2 consecutive years. Three-way analysis of variance showed that genotype, location, and year contributed 4.1%, 20.6%, and 42.2% to the total sum of squares, respectively. Interaction terms, including genotype, contributed 6.1% to the total sum of squares, and location x year contributed 27.0%. Stability of grain vitreousness for the examined breeding lines and cultivars of durum wheat was shown by the site's regression. Broad-sense heritability of grain vitreousness was estimated to be 71%. Climatic variables were used for factorial regression modeling, and most of the interaction term for grain vitreousness was explained by mean temperatures in June (54.4%) and April (14.2%), and precipitation (14.4%) and sunshine hours (14.3%) in March. During the grain filling and grain ripening stages, the most influential climatic variables in explaining interaction were maximum temperature (43.4%), precipitation (30.9%), and sunshine hours (5.6%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was carried out in order to determine the grain vitreousness percentage and stability performance of 44 durum wheat genotypes, which were tested in 3 different environments during 2 growing periods. Grain vitreousness percentage of the genotypes ranged between 69.2% and 90.0%. Svevo, Amanos 97, and Zenit varieties had the highest vitreousness kernel percentages and the lowest grain yields. The negative correlation coefficient between vitreous grain percentage and grain yield, according to correlation analysis, confirms this result. Mutant 47, Harran 95, Epidur, and Kızıltan 95 were the most stable genotypes with respect to all stability parameters studied for vitreousness. Therefore, they can be recommended for profitable grain yield and consistent quality durum wheat production in the north-western region of Turkey. Svevo, Amanos 97, Zenit, Gediz 75, Ankara 98, Mirzabey, and Fuatbey 2000 varieties could be used as progenitors in future breeding programmes due to their high grain vitreousness potentials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]